Science: Chapter 14 test
A scanning probe microscope is able to
Indirectly generate images of atoms & move individual atoms around
Neutron
Same mass as proton, but no charge, also found in the nucleus
T or F: Neutrons contain a negative charge and electrically balance the positive charge of the proton
False
T or F: Protons are less massive than electrons
False
When did Robert Brown do his work with the motion of particles
1827
How many atoms occur naturally
90
Ion
A charged atom
A nanometer is smaller or larger than a micrometer
A thousand times smaller
Protons and Neutrons bound together
At the atoms center to form the atomic nucleus
The _____ in your body have existed from the beginning of time
Atoms
Isotope
Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
Robert Brown was a Scottish _____
Botanist
Electrons
Buzz around the empty space surrounding the nucleus
Atomic nucleus
Core of atoms, makes up most of atom's mass consists of protons and neutrons
As you go across a row of the periodic chart of the elements the atoms...
Get massive and smaller
Proton
Heavy particle in the nucleus that's positively charged
With two protons in its nucleus, _____ has atomic number 2
Helium
Period
Horizontal row of the periodic table
First kind of atom
Hydrogen
Smallest atom
Hydrogen
The lightest atom is
Hydrogen
What atoms make up more than 90% of the atoms in the universe
Hydrogen
Water is a compound of which atoms
Hydrogen and oxygen
A hydrogen _____ with one proton and one neutron is called hydrogen-2
Isotope
The perpetual jiggling of microscopic particles is called Brownian _____
Motion
_____ deals with incredibly tiny objects from 1 to 100 nanometers in scale
Nanotechnology
A _____ is a nuclear particle with about the same mass as a proton but with no electron
Neutron
Most hydrogen atoms have no _____
Neutrons
Subatomic particles in the nucleus are called
Nucleons
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is always the same as its _____
Number of electrons
An element consists of how many kinds of atoms
One
An electrically balanced _____ atom has eight electrons and eight protons
Oxygen
5 elements of the composition of all living things
Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Calcium
Across any horizontal row in the periodic table, the properties of elements gradually change; this is called a _____ trend
Periodic
Brownian motion
Perpetual jiggling of microscopic particles, 1900s Einstein hypothesized the motion collisions between visible atoms and visible particles
Scanning _____ microscopes are devices used to create submicroscopic imagery
Probe
Atoms are made up of what subatomic particles
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
Subatomic particles
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons
When you exhale, how long does it take your breath to become uniformly mixed in the atmosphere
Several years
Within an atom, the innermost _____ can hold two electrons
Shell
Atoms are made up of smaller particles called _____ particles
Subatomic
Atomic symbol
The letters of the elements name
Which of the shells participates in chemical reaction
The outermost electrons because they are first to interact with other atoms
Why is the net charge of any atom zero
The proton's positive charge and the electron's negative charge cancel each other out, it is electrically neutral
Atomic mass
The total mass of an atom, average atomic mass of its various isotopes
What forces cause the phenomenon of Brownian motion
The very small atoms that are causing the visible particles to move, collision
You can't see atoms with a microscope
They are smaller than the shortest wave light
Atoms aren't visible
They dont reflect light
When you compare the masses of protons and neutrons
They have about the same mass
T or F: Each horizontal row is called a period because it corresponds to one full cycle of a trend
True
T or F: Everything around you on earth today is made up of atoms manufactured in stars that exploded billions of years ago
True
T or F: The atomic mass of an element is roughly equal to the mass of its protons plus the mass of its neutron plus the mass of its electrons
True
T or F: The mass number of an element is the number of nucleons in the most common isotope of the element
True
The electrons in the outermost shell are called _____ electrons
Valence
Group
Vertical columns of the periodic table
