Science Chapter 3 Review

What is it called when a substance changes into another physical form?

A change of state

What are the two types of solids? Explain the arrangement of the particles in each and give an example of each

Amorphous and Crystalline. Crystalline has an orderly three-dimensional arrangement of particles. An example is a quartz crystal. Amorphous solids are made of particles that do not have a special arrangement. An example is glass.

What is dry ice?

Dry ice is carbon dioxide in a solid state

What is evaporation? Where can you find evaporation?

Evaporation is the change of a substance from a liquid to gas. An example of evaporation is leaving a cup with water out in the sun.

True or False Freezing is an endothermic change

False

True or False boiling and melting point occur at the same temperature

False

What are the 5 changes of state?

Freezing, Melting, Evaporation, Condensation, and Sublimation

Is gallium a good jewelry material? Explain why or why not

Gallium is not a good jewelry metal, because gallium melts at 30 degrees Celsius which means that the heat of your body would melt it.

What is the densest state of water? Explain how you could prove this

Liquid water is the densest state of water. You can test this by getting a graduated cylinder and filling it with water, then dropping in ice cubes. Then if you boil the water you can see the water evaporate. That shows that both ice and vapor are less dense than water.

Is melting an exothermic or endothermic change? Why?

Melting is an endothermic change, because energy is being added to the substance causing the heat in the substance to rise.

What is pressure?

Pressure is the amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface

Is sublimation an endothermic or exothermic change?

Sublimation is an endothermic change because energy enters the substance

What is Sublimation?

Sublimation is the process in which a solid goes directly into a gas.

What is temperature?

Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is

What happens to the boiling point if you get farther above sea level?

The boiling point gets lower. This is because there are fewer air particles there are above you.

What is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

The difference between evaporation and boiling is that evaporation is the state of a liquid being transferred into a gas without boiling, while boiling is a change in a liquid into a gas.

Describe how the motion and arrangement of particles in a substance change, as the substance freezes.

The motion of the particles in a substance freezes makes them go slower. This causes the particles to stick close together and vibrate. This is because energy is being removed from the substance.

What is Charles' law?

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the temperature of a gas when the pressure is constant

What is Boyle's law?

The volume of gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of a gas when the temperature is constant

True or false particles in ice are close together?

True

What is viscosity?

Viscosity is the resistance of a gas or liquid to flow