Science Midterm

Jenna built a completed electrical circuit. Jenna's circuit illustrates what energy transformation?

Electrical energy can be transformed into both heat and light.

When you combine chocolate powder and milk, the result is best describe as

a mixture

A scoop of baking soda is added to a beaker containing vinegar. The baking soda disappears and bubbles are observed. This is an example of a _____________ change.

chemical

When gasoline is burned in a car engine, ________ energy is converted into _________ energy.

chemical, mechanical

The graph above represents an object moving with a __________________.

constant negative acceleration

Which substance is an example of an element?

copper

Neon's outer energy level contains ______________ electrons.

10

What is the atomic number of the atom shown?

18

If there are 2 grams of product produced by the chemical reaction, how many grams of reactant were consumed?

2 grams

How many electrons are in an electrically neutral atom of boron?

5

Which diagram BEST represents a convection heating current?

A

Based on the diagram of a roller coaster track, what statement is true?

A car at point B has more kinetic energy than the car at point D.

A mixture is what you get when you combine two substances in such a way that no chemical reaction occurs between the components. A solution is a mixture that looks exactly the same everywhere. Which of these mixtures is a solution?

A mixture of sugar and water.

Which graph BEST shows the relationship of kinetic energy to potential energy as a book sits on the edge of a desk?

A.

Which point on the roller coaster's path represents the maximum potential energy?

A.

Describe the energy change in the particles of a substance during melting.

Absorbed energy results in the change in potential energy.

Which point on the roller coaster's path represents the maximum potential energy?

At the bottom of the hill.

Which type of energy transformation does NOT describe potential energy being changed into kinetic energy?

Compressing a spring.

In which picture(s) will you find a state of matter that has particles who have more energy than liquid water?

B and C

A ball is projected into the air. Where is potential energy the greatest?

B.

Students in Ms. Bailey's class were studying speed. Four students rolled balls across the floor a distance of 30 cm. Their times are seen here. Put the times in order from fastest to slowest.

Ball 2 - Ball 1 - Ball 4 - Ball 3

Which part of the diagram represents the proton?

C

Consider the pendulum. At what point is the kinetic energy the greatest?

C.

Consider the paragraph above. What is one chemical property of copper?

Copper reacts with air and sea water

John and Caroline go out for a walk one day. This graph represents the distance they traveled over time. During what part of their walk are they not moving?

From 0.75 to 1.25 hours

Which of the four containers represents a compound?

H20

Which image exclusively represents the principle of radiation?

III

Determine which characteristics are chemical properties. Explain.

IV. This property can only be determined by chemical reacting the sample of sulfur.

This graph represents the motion of a car while driving over a short distance. Which statement accurately describes the motion of the car in this graph?

It is going backwards fast, then it is going backwards slowly.

What is true about water that is freezing?

It is going through a physical change.

What happened to the rest of the mass of the leaves?

It was turned into smoke and gas.

Which statement describes evidence of a chemical reaction?

Lighting a match

Muscles convert chemical energy into

Mechanical Energy

These are all examples of

Physical Change

What form of energy does a compressed spring have?

Potential Energy

The table shows the density and volume of four liquid samples. The four liquids do not mix with each other. What is the order in which the layers will be formed, from top to bottom, if the four liquids are poured into a beaker and allowed to settle?

Sample B; Sample D; Sample A; Sample C

When ice melts, what happens to the water molecules?

The attractions between the water molecules weaken.

Air can be considered a mixture. Which statement helps describe air?

The exact mixture of components varies from point to point

A balloon is filled with water. The balloon is heated and begins to expand. The water inside begins to turn into steam. What will happen to the mass of the balloon?

The mass will stay the same

Which of these would best describe the outcome of increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules in the above picture?

The temperature will increase.

Which statement is accurate for these two sub-atomic particles.

They are both located in the nucleus.

Conduction occurs more easily between solids and liquids. This is because the particles in gases are

farther apart and move faster.

Iron combines with oxygen and water from the air to form rust. If an iron nail were allowed to rust completely, one should find that the mass of the rust:

he same as the nail it came from.

Maria's father started a fire in the fireplace. He crumpled some paper, lit a match, and soon the logs in the fireplace were burning. In this case, the stored chemical energy in the logs was changed into

heat and light energy

Will was riding his bike when a dog ran out in front of him. He slammed on his brakes. During this quick stop, some of the mechanical energy (his motion) was changed into

heat energy

Energy is transferred in solids by conduction, which means that

heat travels from the hotter object to the cooler object.

One difference between mixtures and pure substances is that

mixtures can be physically separated.

The majority of the mass of the atom is located in the _______.

nucleus

These may all be classified as - water freezing to form ice - melting a gold chain to create a gold ring - breaking a window into smaller pieces

physical change

Two cups of the same size are filled to the brim with clear liquids. Cup A holds water. Cup B contains alcohol. Your teacher challenges you to figure out which cup holds water. Because of your great science knowledge, you know that all substances have their own special properties. You and your lab partner add an ice cube to each cup. The ice floats in one liquid. You predict it is water. And the ice sinks in the other liquid. You predict that liquid is alcohol. What type of property of matter did you use to identify the liquids?

physical property

As a roller coaster goes downhill...

potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.

In which state of matter has the LEAST kinetic energy?

solid

The measure of the distance an object travels in a certain length of time is the object's

speed

The illustration above depicts a spring being compressed and then released. Changes in both potential and kinetic energy occur during this process. Which statement most accurately describes the changes in potential or kinetic energy?

the potential energy is increasing through steps A & B, then decreases at C.

The process of heat radiation is the ONLY method of heat transfer that can occur _____________

through space