SCIENCE SSA #2 REVIEW

The most important weather phenomenon occurs in the ____________

Troposhere

Which of the following statements refers to weather?

"It's very hot and sunny today. Let's go to the beach."

The arrows in the picture below show several ways heat is transferred from the Sun as it strikes sand on the surface of a beach. Which arrow shows radiation?

1

Which of these is in order from oldest to most recent?

3, 2, 1, 4, 5

Occasionally, one space object travels through the shadow of another object in space. When the moon moves between the Sun and Earth casting a shadow on Earth, which solar system event is taking place?

A solar eclipse

Which of the following would be a cause of chemical weathering?

Acid rain

When carbon is returned to the soil when dead plants decompose, the interaction is between which two spheres?

Biosphere and Geosphere

Which of the following is the best explanation for sea breezes and land breezes along Florida's coasts?

Convection currents of rising, less-dense warm air and falling, denser cool air caused by differences in how quickly water and land absorb or lose the Sun's heat.

Which diagram below shows the possible orientation of the Earth (E), the Sun and the Moon (M) so that an observer on Earth would see a full moon?

D

Which of the following is an interaction between the geosphere and biosphere after this forest fire?

Dead plants add a layer of nutrients into the soil.

Slate is a metamorphic rock that forms from the sedimentary rock, shale. Which of the following is needed for slate to form from shale?

Heat and pressure

The gravitational pull of the Moon has the greatest influence on the water levels of Earth's ocean tides. If the distance between the Moon and Earth were to decrease steadily for one week, which water-level changes would be expected to occur?

High tides would get higher and low tides would get lower.

The fossil record shows part of the history of life on Earth and can tell scientists about environmental changes over time. Which of the following statements explains what fossils of palm fronds found in Antarctica tell us about what the climate was once like?

Palm fronds indicate a tropical climate was once present

Both Ocala, Florida, and Lexington, Kentucky, are good places to raise racehorses, in part because of the limestone near the surface in both places. Calcium from the limestone helps make a horse's leg bones stronger and better able to withstand the pounding stress of running. Knowing that the Bluegrass Region around Lexington also sits on top of limestone, what other land features are also likely to be found there?

Sinkholes, caves, and aquifers

The oldest rock formation identified on Earth is found on the shoreline of Hudson Bay in Canada. This rock formed 4.28 billion years ago. What information does a scientist need to more accurately determine the age of a rock?

The amount of each radioactive element present in the rock

The average winter temperature in Dallas, Texas, is 19°C. Why would the temperature measure 5°C for Dallas, Texas, on this day in January?

The polar jet stream dipped south of Dallas, bringing cold air from the Arctic region.

Earth's axis, the imaginary line connecting the North and South Poles, is not perpendicular to the plane of Earth's orbit around the Sun. The axis is tilted 23.5 degrees. If Earth's axis were perpendicular to the plane of Earth's orbit, what would definitely be affected?

The seasons of the year

Our beaches in Florida are lined with large hotels and condominiums. Natural vegetation was cleared away from the beaches to make room for the buildings. What is a consequence that we have seen on Florida beaches as a result of clearing the vegetation for building?

There is more erosion of the beaches in Florida

The Earth is tilted 23.5 degrees on its axis. The direction of Earth's tilt does not change throughout its orbit. At which position of Earth in the diagram below is it summer in the northern hemisphere?

X

How do ocean currents (gyres), such as the Gulf Stream, regulate the Earth's temperature?

they remove heat from the equator and carry it towards the poles