Science - Test 1 (1.1 to 1.4)

Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of the plant.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

true

A botanist studies plants. (true or false)

stem

A leaf is joined to its plant by a __________.

c. taproot

A particularly deep main root is a(n) ___________. a. root cap b. root hair c. taproot d. epiphyte

true

A seed that is alive but inactive is dormant. (true or false)

stomata

Air enters a leaf through holes or pores that are called ___________.

c. midrib

An especially large vein running up the middle of may leaves is a __________. a. taproot b. cuticle c. midrib d. bract

true

An underground storehouse made with layers of thick, fleshy leaves that surround a very short stem is a bulb. (true or false)

true

Geotropism is a plant's response to gravity. (true or false)

bract

a colorful leaf surrounding certain flowers such as the dogwood and the poinsettia

geotropism

a plant's response to gravity

phototropism

a plant's response to light

thigmotropism

a plant's response to touch

hydrotropism

a plant's response to water

stolon or runner

a stem that grows along the surface of the ground

glucose

a type of sugar that plants need to live

roots

absorbs water and minerals for the plant's use; anchors the plant in the soil; keeps soil from being washed away by water or blown away in the wind

bladderwort

an underwater plant with hollow, bladderlike leaves filled with water that are used to trap insects

tropism

any growth response of a plant to a condition in its environment

1. sepal 2. pistil 3. stamen 4. petal 5. ovule 6. ovary

Label the flower part: ______ petal ______ pistel ______ ovary ______ ovule ______ sepal ______ stamen

bulb

Many layers of lower leaves that remain below the ground form a __________.

b. starch

Plants store sugar in their roots in the form of __________. a. glucose b. starch c. cellulose d. cotyledons

true

Spanish moss is a type of epiphyte. (true or false)

veins

Strong pipes serving both to transport liquids and to reinforce the structure of the thin, fragile leaf are called ___________.

d. root cap

The layer of thick, protective cells at the tip of the root is the __________. a. root hair b. taproot c. epiphyte d. root cap

false (leaf)

The main function of the flower is to make food for the plant. (true or false)

false (roots)

The main function of the stem is to absorb water and minerals from the ground. (true or false)

false (petal)

The noticeable part of the flower that attracts bees is the sepal. (true or false)

true

The ovary of the plant develops into the fruit. (true or false)

c. root system

The part of the plant that grows below the ground is called the __________. a. stolon b. runner c. root system d. tendrils

false (embryo)

The part of the seed that is a miniature undeveloped plant is the cotyledon. (true or false)

c. stomata

The pores on the underside of the leaf are called ____________. a. guard cells b. cellulose c. stomata d. bracts

false (shoot)

The root system is the part of the plant that is above ground. (true or false)

d. guard cells

The structures that allow the stomata to open and close are the ____________. a. chloroplasts b. bracts c. cellulose d. guard cells

c. cellulose

The tough, fibrous material used to form the cell walls of plants is called ___________. a. chlorophyll b. chloroplasts c. cellulose d. glucose

a. cuticle

The waxy substance that coats the leaf is called the __________. a. cuticle b. cellulose c. stomata d. chlorophyll

In order for a seed to sprout, both moisture and warmth are needed.

What two conditions are needed for a seed to sprout?

false (cereal)

Wheat, rice, and corn are examples of turf grasses. (true or false)

cotyledons

contain stored food for a growing plant

seed coat

covers and protects the embryo

shoot system

every part of the plant visible above the ground

flowers

form seeds

sepals

green versions of the petal that enclose and protect a developing flower or bud

tropisms

growth of a plant in response to a condition in its environment

proteins and vitamins

leaves construct these two chemicals that a plant needs for nourishment

embryo

miniature underdeveloped plant

bees, flies, wasps, butterflies

most important, frequent pollinators

insectivorous

plants that eat insects

vines

plants that grow upward clinging to taller objects

thorns

protective stems much like leaf spines

spines

special leaves that contain no chlorophyll; protects the water-storing stem of the cactus plant

nectar

sweet liquid stored in the bottom of the bloom

tendrils

the "hands" with which a vine grasps a support structure

pitcher plant

the bright colors and honey-scented nectar of this plant lure the insects that drown in its leaves

photosynthesis

the chemical process by which a plant produces food

root system

the part of the plant located below the ground

chlorophyll

the pigment that gives a plant its green color

Venus's-flytrap

the plant with hinged leaves that close shut like the jaws of a steel trap

fertilization

the process in which an egg stored inside an ovule unites with a sperm cell from a grain of pollen

sundew

the sticky, glistening dew drops on this plant are the bait that attracts insects

pollination

the transfer of pollen from the stamen to the pistil

rhizomes

thick storage stems that produce new plants and grow just below the ground.

day lily

this plant is known for its long, narrow leaves and its tawny-orange trumpetlike flower that lasts no longer than a day

moisture, warmth

two things that must be present before a seed can sprout and being growing

vanilla and Spanish moss

two types of epiphytes

epiphytes

unusual plants that never touch the ground

stem tip

upper part of the stem that produces a plant's growth

a. chloroplasts

"Packages" of chlorophyll found in leaf cells are called __________. a. chloroplasts b. stomata c. cuticle d. epiphytes