Second 25 questions HCI

Various forms of usability testing have been formed and tested by researchers. Find the one that is not an example of usability testing? A. Paper mockups B. Repetitive usability testing C. Universal usability testing D. Remote usability testing E. Can-you-break-this tests

Repetitive usability testing

When evaluating user-interfaces, we should be careful of following certain procedures. Find the one that is an incorrect description about the procedures that we need to follow? A. Usability evaluators must broaden their methods and be open to non-empirical methods, such as user sketches, consideration of design alternatives, and ethnographic studies. B. Recommendations needs to be based on observational findings. C. The design team needs not to be involved with research on the current system design drawbacks. D. The range of evaluation plans might be anywhere from an ambitious two-year test with multiple phases for a new national air-traffic?control system to a three-day test with six users for a small internal web site. E. Usability testing has become an established and accepted part of the design process.

The design team needs not to be involved with research on the current system design drawbacks.

If anyone would like to have a work to be copyrighted, she needs to formally register to the U.S. Copyright Office. T or F

false

For large implementation projects, the customer or manager usually sets objective and measurable goals for hardware and software performance to conduct acceptance testing. Once the acceptance testing has been successfully completed, there may be a period of ___________ before national or international distribution. A. user survey B. field testing C. usability testing D. ethnographic observation

field testing

Guidelines review is similar to a heuristic evaluation, but uses a set of user interface ___________ instead of a set of heuristics.

guidelines

Heuristic evaluation was developed Jacob Nielsen in the early 1990s. It mainly perform an evaluated based on ________ distilled from an empirical analysis of 249 usability problems. These _______ have been revised for current technology. Often, design guidelines form a basis for developing __________.

heuristics

____________ is any intangible asset that consists of human knowledge and ideas. However, it is important to note that most assets cannot be recognized on a balance sheet when internally generated, since it is very difficult to objectively value ______________ assets.

intellectual property (IP)

We are planning to conduct usability testing. Find the one that does not necessary to be determined in planning the evaluation study?

recruiting experts

For large implementation projects, the customer or manager usually sets objective and measurable goals for hardware and software performance. If the completed product fails to meet defined acceptance criteria, the system must be reworked until success is demonstrated. What do we call this test? A. Acceptance Test B. User survey C. Usability testing D. Cognitive walkthrough

Acceptance Test

___________ is reasonably comprehensive expert analysis, focused on psychological aspects of interface. Specifically, it focuses on understanding how well the interface supports "exploratory learning," i.e., first-time use without formal training. It involves one or a group of evaluators inspecting a user interface by going through a set of tasks and evaluate its understandability and ease of learning.

Cognitive walkthrough

_________ is more formal analysis based on code walkthroughs. Specifically, it evaluates a user interface in terms of identifying graphics, text, and interaction discrepancy. A. Heuristic evaluation B. Guidelines review C. Consistency inspection D. Cognitive walkthrough E. Formal usability inspection

Consistency inspection

___________ is more formal analysis, based on code walkthroughs. In this evaluation method, expert(s) are asked to inspect consistency within an application. Evaluating and improving a user interface is performed both within a screen and between screens, in graphics (color, typography, layout, icons), text (tone, style, spelling), and interaction (consistency of task steps and command names).

Consistency inspection

_______________ is usually considered as a theoretical framework. But, it is broadly applied to scientific experiments because it can produce more fundamental results and support perceptual, cognitive, and motoric theories. Utilizing the experiments is often considered in user interface design because it can lead to a deeper understanding of the fundamental principles of human interaction with computers. It also can help fine tuning the human-computer interface of actively used systems.

Controlled Psychologically-oriented Experiment

If you have a tight budget, what usability testing should be considered? A. Paper mockups B. Discount usability testing C. Universal usability testing D. Remote usability testing E. Can-you-break-this tests

Discount usability testing

Find the one that does not have correct description about expert reviews? A. Heuristic evaluation is the most informal method and involves having usability specialists judge whether each dialogue element follows established usability principles (the "heuristics"). B. Cognitive walkthrough uses a more explicitly detailed procedure to simulate a user's problem-solving process at each step through the dialogue, checking if the simulated user's goals and memory content can be assumed to lead to the next correct action. C. Pluralistic walkthrough uses group meetings where users, developers, and human factors people step through a scenario, discussing each dialogue element. D. Consistency inspection has designers who represent multiple other projects inspect an interface to see whether it does things in the same way as their own designs. E. Formal usability inspection combines individual and group inspections in a six-step procedure with freely defined roles to with elements of both heuristic evaluation and a simplified form of cognitive walkthroughs.

Formal usability inspection combines individual and group inspections in a six-step procedure with freely defined roles to with elements of both heuristic evaluation and a simplified form of cognitive walkthroughs.

The evaluation process requires that a small set of testers (or "evaluators") examine the interface, and judge its compliance with recognized usability principles (the "heuristics"). A major advantage for this evaluation process is that it provides some quick and relatively inexpensive feedbacks to designers. But, it requires a certain level of knowledge and experience to apply the heuristics effectively. What do we call this evaluation process? A. Heuristic evaluation B. Guidelines review C. Consistency inspection D. Cognitive walkthrough E. Formal usability inspection

Heuristic evaluation

__________ is a usability inspection method for computer software that helps to identify usability problems in the user interface (UI) design. A. Heuristic evaluation B. Guidelines review C. Consistency inspection D. Cognitive walkthrough E. Formal usability inspection

Heuristic evaluation

When we are performing an evaluation to identify "user friendly" for user interface, it is important to establish measurable criteria for the user interface. Find the one that does not belong to the measurable criteria for the user interface? A. Time to learn specific functions B. Speed of task performance C. Rate of errors by users D. Human understanding over time E. Subjective user satisfaction

Human understanding over time

Describe the meaning of Institutional Review Boards (IRB)?

In a between-subjects design, the various experimental treatments are given to different groups of subjects. A within-subjects design differs from a between-subjects design in that the same subjects perform at all levels of the independent variable.

While informal demos to colleagues or customers can provide some useful feedback, more formal expert reviews have proven to be effective. Find the one that has an incorrect description about expert reviews? A. Expert reviews entail one-half day to one week effort, although a lengthy training period may sometimes be required to explain the task domain or operational procedures. B. Expert reviews can be scheduled at several points in the development process when experts are available and when the design team is ready for feedback. ÿ C. Inviting one or two expert reviewers would be sufficient enough for initiating expert reviews. D. Even experienced expert reviewers have great difficulty knowing how typical users, especially first-time users will really behave.

Inviting one or two expert reviewers would be sufficient enough for initiating expert reviews.

Identify the one that has an incorrect explanation about heuristic evaluation. A. It is a usability inspection method for computer software that helps to identify usability problems in the user interface (UI) design. B. It is performed by having more than one evaluators inspect the interface alone. C. It is a discount usability engineering method for quick, cheap, and easy evaluation of a user interface design. D. It is a form of usability inspection where usability specialists judge whether each element of a user interface follows a list of established usability heuristics.

It is performed by having more than one evaluators inspect the interface alone.

Describe how User Testing is far more accurate than Heuristic Evaluation.

It takes into account actual users and tasks. HE may miss problems & find "false positives"

Controlled usability experiment(s) can be performed online as well. ___________ is a crowdsourcing Internet marketplace that enables computer programmers (known as Requesters) to co-ordinate the use of human intelligence to perform tasks that computers are currently unable to do.

Mechanical Turk (MTurk)

___________ is an evaluation that experts consider metaphors for five aspects of human thinking. It appears better than cognitive walkthrough and heuristic evaluation

Metaphors of human thinking

Find the one that does not have correct description about Usability Testing? A. The emergence of usability testing and laboratories since the early 1980s. B. Usability testing not only sped up many projects but that it produced dramatic cost savings. C. The movement towards usability testing stimulated the construction of usability laboratories. D. A typical modest usability lab would have two 10 by 10 foot areas, one for the participants to do their work and another, separated by a half-silvered mirror, for the testers and observers. E. Participants should not be chosen to represent the intended user communities.

Participants should not be chosen to represent the intended user communities.

Explain the difference between plagiarism and copyright infringement?

Plagiarism is not a legal term. It is a term for an academic crime, usually defined by professional or academic bodies. Simply stated, a plagiarist is a person who poses as the creator of words, ideas or methods that are not his own. By contrast, a person infringes on another's copyright when he makes unauthorized use of material that is protected by copyright.

Although formal expert reviews have proven to be effective for evaluating interface designs, there might be some limitations in expert reviews. Explain the limitations?

The dangers with expert reviews are that the experts may not have an adequate understanding of the task domain or user communities. Even experienced expert reviewers have great difficulty knowing how typical users, especially first-time users will really behave.

In usability testing, think aloud protocol is often used to understand what participants are doing as they are performing the task. Explain the think aloud protocol?

Think-aloud (or thinking aloud) protocol (also talk-aloud protocol) is a protocol used to gather data in usability testing. Think-aloud protocols involve participants thinking aloud as they are performing a set of specified tasks. Participants are asked to say whatever comes into their mind as they complete the task. This might include what they are looking at, thinking, doing, and feeling.

One of expert reviews (metaphors of human thinking) focuses on considering metaphors for five aspects of human thinking. Find the one that does not belong to these five aspects of human thinking? A. Habit B. Stream of thought C. Awareness and Associations D. Relation between utterances and thought E. Understanding

Understanding

Often informal demos can provide some useful feedbacks. However, formal expert reviews have proven to be effective than the informal demos. Find the one that does not belong to expert reviews? A. Heuristic evaluation B. Guidelines review C. Consistency inspection D. Cognitive walkthrough E. Understanding human ability

Understanding human ability

If you focus on testing the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design, what usability testing should be utilized? A. Paper mockups B. Discount usability testing C. Universal usability testing D. Remote usability testing E. Can-you-break-this tests

Universal usability testing

For large implementation projects, acceptance testing needs to be performed. In the acceptance test, measurable criteria for the user interface can be established. Identify the one that is not part of the measurable criteria to be performed. A. Time to learn specific functions B. User friendly of user interfaces C. Human retention of commands over time D. Subjective user satisfaction

User friendly of user interfaces