Section 5: Descriptive, Correlational, and Inferential Statistics

A census is

a study in which all members of a population are included.

Inferential statistics are

tools that tell us how much confidence we can have when generalizing from a sample to a population.

If there is no relationship between two sets of scores, what is the value of the correlation coefficient?

0.00.

A percentage is

A descriptive statstic.

Why are inferential statistics not needed when analyzing the results of a census?

Because there is no sampling error.

What is the name of the type of study in which all members of a population are included?

Census.

Is an average a "descriptive statistic" or an "inferential statistic"?

Descriptive statistic.

Inferential statistics are tools that tell us what?

How much confidence we can have when generalizing from a sample to a population.

Is a margin of error a "descriptive statistic" or an "inferential statistic"?

Inferential statistic.

A margin of error is reported as a warning to readers that what might have happened?

Random sampling may have produced errors, which should be considered when interpreting results.

What is the purpose of correlational statistics?

To describe the relationship between two or more variables for one group of participants.

An average is

a descriptive statistic.

A margin of error is

an inferential statistic.

Is the range of a set of scores a "descriptive statistic" or an "inferential statistic"?

descriptive statistic.

Inferential statistics are not

needed when analyzing the results of a census.

Descriptive statistics

summarize data.