Sherpath - Neoplastic Male Reproductive Disorders

Which foods, in excess, can increase the risk for prostate cancer? Select all that apply: Fruits Vegetables Fatty foods Dairy products Red, processed meats

Fatty foods Dairy products Red, processed meats

Which predisposing factors would place a man at risk for prostate cancer? Select all that apply: Age HIV infection Estrogen exposure Ethnic background Positive family history

Age Ethnic background Positive family history

Which statements are accurate regarding the epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)? Select all that apply: Alcohol consumption increases risk of benign prostate hyperplasia Increased risk associated with thin men Primarily affects younger men Increased risk if father has BPH Results from hormonal imbalances

Alcohol consumption increases risk of benign prostate hyperplasia Increased risk if father has BPH Results from hormonal imbalances

Which manifestation in a male with prostate cancer is a cause for concern? Difficulty starting the urinary stream Reports of nocturia Back and leg pain Need to empty bladder often and urgently

Back and leg pain

Occurs most often in males over 65 years of age

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Which statement describes a difference between benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer? Benign prostatic hyperplasia causes urinary obstruction, while prostate cancer does not. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a frequent occurrence in older males, while prostate cancer is not. Benign prostatic hyperplasia impacts older men, while prostate cancer is a young man's neoplasm. Benign prostatic hyperplasia rises from the inner part of the gland, while prostate cancer rises from the surface.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia rises from the inner part of the gland, while prostate cancer rises from the surface.

Which male age group is most often affected by testicular cancer? Less than 15 years Older than 65 years Between 50-65 years Between 15-44 years

Between 15-44 years

Which is a hereditary factor for testicular cancer? Change in chromosome 12 Father with prostate cancer Genetic mutation of BRCA1 Exposure to high progesterone levels in the mother

Change in chromosome 12

Which statements are true regarding hormonal changes in benign prostatic hyperplasia as a result of aging? Select all that apply: Estrogen increases Testosterone increases Testosterone decreases Dihydroxytestosterone increases Dihydroxytestosterone decreases

Estrogen increases Testosterone decreases Dihydroxytestosterone increases

Which statements are true regarding the process and development of prostate cancer? Select all that apply: First develops on the prostate surface Metastasizes to the bone Metastasizes to the kidney causing renal failure May be localized within the prostate for some time Develops within the Leydig cell of the prostate

First develops on the prostate surface Metastasizes to the bone May be localized within the prostate for some time

Which clinical manifestations would suggest testicular cancer? Select all that apply: Gynecomastia Frequent, urgent need to urinate Difficulty starting the urinary stream Feeling of heaviness in the scrotal sac Hard, painless lump on one side of the scrotum

Gynecomastia Feeling of heaviness in the scrotal sac Hard, painless lump on one side of the scrotum

During a physical examination, which finding would be suggestive of prostate cancer? Gynecomastia Enlarged, smooth prostate gland Hard, irregular lump on the prostate gland Hard, painless lump found in the scrotal sac

Hard, irregular lump on the prostate gland

Which statements are true regarding benign prostatic hyperplasia? Select all that apply: Incomplete emptying of the bladder can cause pyelonephritis Benign prostatic hyperplasia can become malignant. Benign prostatic hyperplasia can cause bone metastasis. Benign prostatic hyperplasia causes pressure on the spine. Urinary obstruction can lead to urine flowing back into the kidneys.

Incomplete emptying of the bladder can cause pyelonephritis Urinary obstruction can lead to urine flowing back into the kidneys.

Which hormone level is thought to be responsible for the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia? Decreased insulin Increased testosterone Decreased estrogen Increased dihydroxytestosterone

Increased dihydroxytestosterone Dihydroxytestosterone is a sex hormone that stimulates cellular growth in the prostate; elevated levels lead to enlargement of the prostate.

Testicular cancer develops from one of two embryonic germ cells. Which statement is true regarding a seminoma germ cell tumor? Very rare form of testicular cancer Least aggressive form of testicular cancer Most aggressive form of testicular cancer Responsible for less than 10% of testicular tumors

Least aggressive form of testicular cancer

Which clinical manifestations are characteristic of prostate cancer? Select all that apply: Low back pain Gynecomastia Frequent, urgent need to urinate Feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen Hard, irregularly shaped lump found upon rectal examination NOT SURE

Low back pain Frequent, urgent need to urinate Hard, irregularly shaped lump found upon rectal examination

Which is a major concern for men with testicular cancer? Metastasis Dihydroxytestosterone Invasion of the prostatic subcapsular zone Urinary obstruction

Metastasis Testicular cancer has a tendency to metastasize to the lungs, liver, bone, and brain.

Which statements are characteristic of prostate tumors? Select all that apply: Most are adenocarcinomas Most are androgen-dependent Metastasis is usually to the bone Most grow rapidly and metastasize quickly Tend to invade the lymph nodes and bladder

Most are adenocarcinomas Most are androgen-dependent Metastasis is usually to the bone Tend to invade the lymph nodes and bladder

Which statements are true regarding the pathophysiology of prostate cancer? Select all that apply: Typically does not metastasize Most are adenocarcinomas Dependent upon male sex hormones Develop near the surface of the gland Develop in the inner compartment of the prostate gland

Most are adenocarcinomas Dependent upon male sex hormone Develop near the surface of the gland

Which factors increase the risk of developing benign prostatic hyperplasia? Select all that apply: Obesity Smoking Active lifestyle Positive family history Undescended testicles

Obesity Smoking Positive family history

Which population is most likely to develop prostate cancer? Older Caucasian men Young Caucasian men Young African-American men Older African-American men

Older African-American men

Most common male cancer

Prostate cancer

Which are true statements about the development of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia? Select all that apply: Prostate cancer develops on the surface of the gland. Benign prostatic hyperplasia develops on the surface of the gland. Prostate cancer develops from within the gland and spreads out. Prostate cancer usually develops on the anterior portion of the prostate. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the result of an increase in prostatic cellular growth.

Prostate cancer develops on the surface of the gland. Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the result of an increase in prostatic cellular growth.

Which are characteristics of nonseminoma testicular tumors? Select all that apply: Rare form of testicular cancer Aggressive form of testicular cancer Develops from other testicular tissue Most common form of testicular cancer Stromal type of testicular cancer

Rare form of testicular cancer Aggressive form of testicular cancer

Which findings are causes of prostate cancer? Select all that apply: Diabetes mellitus Decreased androgen levels Recurring bouts of prostate inflammation Increase in insulin-like growth factor Mutation in chromosome 12

Recurring bouts of prostate inflammation Increase in insulin-like growth factor

Which clinical presentations are associated with the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia? Select all that apply: Renal injury Bone cancer Gynecomastia Pyelonephritis Hydronephrosis

Renal injury Pyelonephritis Hydronephrosis

Which statement best describes the reason behind the development of gynecomastia in men with testicular cancer? Metastasis of tumor Secretion of hormones affecting breast tissue Increase in the secretion of dihydroxytestosterone Decrease in the secretion of dihydroxytestosterone

Secretion of hormones affecting breast tissue

Occurs most often in younger men

Testicular cancer

Which would be predisposing factors for the development of testicular cancer? Select all that apply: Erectile dysfunction Undescended testes at birth Testicular cancer in one testis Increased alcohol consumption Repeated incidences of orchitis

Undescended testes at birth Testicular cancer in one testis Repeated incidences of orchitis

Which clinical manifestations are seen in the early development of benign prostatic hyperplasia? Select all that apply: Urgency Nocturia Hesitancy Pyelonephritis Hydronephrosis

Urgency Nocturia Hesitancy

Which clinical manifestations are directly related to the enlargement of the prostate that occurs with benign prostatic hyperplasia? Select all that apply: Low back pain Urgent need to urinate Enlargement of breast tissue Difficulty starting the urinary stream Painful urination

Urgent need to urinate Difficulty starting the urinary stream

Which statement best describes the cause of nocturia in prostate cancer? Bladder spasms Urinary obstruction Irritability of the bladder Decreased bladder capacity due to tumor growth

Urinary obstruction