Sherpath;Overview of Substance Use Disorders

Which symptoms are associated with early development of cirrhosis of the liver due to alcohol use disorder?

Ascites Ascites due to liver inflammation is a common early symptom of cirrhosis. Jaundice Jaundice results from inflammation of the liver and is a common early symptom of cirrhosis. Chills. Chills are an early symptom of cirrhosis of the liver.

Secondhand smoke exposure has been linked to which conditions in infants?

Asthma Secondhand smoke experienced by infants has been linked to asthma. Ear infections Infants who experience secondhand smoke are at risk for ear infections.

Secondhand smoke exposure has been linked to which conditions in Caucasians?

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Secondhand smoke exposure in Caucasians has been linked to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Depression. Secondhand smoke exposure in Caucasians has been linked to depression. Anxiety. Secondhand smoke exposure in Caucasians has been linked to anxiety.

Which statement regarding opiate abuse is true?

Can cause hyperalgesia and increased tolerance. The abuse of opiates has been found to cause hyperalgesia, which renders the opiates less effective for managing chronic pain. This leads the individual to take higher doses of the opioid in order to experience relief.

Which is a possible side effect of huffing inhalants?

Cardiac arrhythmias. Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest can result from huffing inhalants.

What are the symptoms of hallucinogenic overdose?

Chills. Chills are common in hallucinogenic overdose. Tachycardia is a common symptom of hallucinogenic overdose. Excessive sweating. Excessive sweating is a common symptom of hallucinogenic overdose.

Which adverse effects may occur with PCP use?

Coma An adverse effect of PCP is coma or coma that leads to death. Seizures Seizures are an adverse effect of PCP. Seizures are also an overdose symptom of PCP. Nystagmus Nystagmus is a common adverse effect of PCP use that occurs in more than half of patients.

Which side effects are associated with opioid use disorder?

Constipation A peripheral nervous system side effect of opioid use disorder is constipation because the opioid causes gastrointestinal hypomotility. Urinary retention A peripheral nervous system side effect of opioid use disorder is urinary retention that occurs because opioids decrease the sensation of nerves that signal bladder fullness. Constricted pupils Opiates stimulate the parasympathetic side of the autonomic nervous system that causes pupil constriction.

Which environmental factors can affect an individual's predisposition to developing a SUD?

Cost of substances Some street drugs, such as crack cocaine, are relatively cheap. This low cost can be an environmental risk factor for SUD development. Access to substances Individuals who have easy access to addictive substances are at a higher risk for SUD development. Easy access to substances is an environmental risk factor for SUD development. Living where substances are readily available Individuals who live in neighborhoods or communities where addictive substances are readily available are at high risk for development of an SUD. Living in this type of environment is an environmental risk factor for SUD development.

Which are common side effects of amphetamine use?

Dizziness Dizziness is a common central nervous side effect of amphetamine use. Decreased sleep Amphetamines cause stimulation of the central nervous system which can result in decreased sleep and insomnia. Increased irritability Increased irritability and movement are common central nervous side effects of amphetamine use.

Which conditions are associated with ecstasy use?

Dry mouth Dry mouth is a common side effect of ecstasy use. Hyperthermia Ecstasy can cause hyperthermia in the use Teeth grinding Teeth grinding is a common side effect of ecstasy use.

Which are symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?

Emesis Emesis is a withdrawal symptom of alcohol. Tremors Tremors are a common alcohol withdrawal symptom as GABA returns to a less excited state. Increased blood pressure and pulse. As GABA receptors are no longer binding to alcohol they compensate for the lessened excitability state by increasing blood pressure and pulse.

Which statement describes the role of family as a situational factor in substance abuse?

Families develop codependence. This is a common occurrence in early substance abuse as family members take on the role that the individual held. They will assist with problem solving, finances, and support.

Which feeling is associated with ketamine use?

Floating in space. Floating in space is a feeling often felt by ketamine users. Some users find this effect desirable while others are afraid of it.

Which neurotransmitter receptors do alcohol and CNS depressants affect?

GABA receptors Alcohol and CNS depressants affect GABA receptors.

Which statement best describes alcohol's effect on sleep?

It causes the individual to awaken not feeling rested. Alcohol causes interruptions between the different sleep cycles, resulting in poor sleep.

Which outcomes are associated with long-term alcohol use?

Korsakoff's syndrome Long-term alcohol use can result in Korsakoff's syndrome that includes profound amnesia that is more severe than early dementia symptoms. Marchiafava-Bignami disease Patients who drink alcohol long-term can develop Marchiafava-Bignami disease that includes symptoms of dysarthria, altered consciousness, and tetraparesis. Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome Long-term alcohol use can lead to Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome that includes hemorrhagic degeneration of the brain.

Which statement is true regarding cocaine?

Long-term use of cocaine depletes dopamine neurotransmitters. Cocaine abuse depletes dopamine neurotransmitters in the brain, thus affecting the pleasure center of the brain.

Which disease is an intravenous drug user least likely to contract?

Syphilis Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease and is not contracted through needle use.