Short Answer Questions and Multiple Choice answers

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How many U.S. Senators are there?

100

We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?

2 years

We elect a President for how many years?

4 years

The House of Representatives has how many voting members?

435 voting

We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?

6

How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

9

Why do some states have more representatives than other states?

Because some states have a bigger population

Name your U.S. Representative.

Charles "Chuck" Schumer and Kirsten Gillibrand

What is the name of the President of the United States now?

Donald Trump

What is the "rule of law"?

Everyone must follow the law. Leaders must obey the law. Government must obey the law. No one is above the law.

How do you address a member of the House?

It's traditional on Capitol Hill that members of the House address one another as "Mr/Ms. (Surname)." While you hear members of the House referred to as "Congressman (Surname)" or "Representative (Surname)" in the media, neither is traditionally the correct form of direct address.

Who is the Chief Justice of the United States now?

John Roberts

What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?

Mike Pence

In what month do we vote for President?

November

Congress: House of Representatives (Legislative)

Qualifications: 25 year old, a citizen for 7 years Term of office: Two year term Organizational Structure: Each member represents a district. 435 members. Powers: Proposes tax laws, Can impeach the president Checks and Balances: Propose past laws, Declare war with the senate, Override the presidents veto with a 2 year vote, propose amendment to the constitution with a 2/3 vote.

President (executive)

Qualifications: 35 year old, A native born citizen. Term of office: 4 years Organizational structure: President than vice president then other executive officials and agencies. Powers: Prepares federal budget, nominates cabinet members, makes treaties with other governments. Checks and Balances: Veto laws made by Congress, nominate judges to be in court.

Congress: Senate (Legislative)

Qualifications: Must be 30 years old, A citizen for 9 years. Term of office: Six year term Organizational structure: 100 members, 2 senators for each state. Powers: Approve presidential appointments. ratify treaties, Conduct trial of president after impeachment. Checks and Balances: Approve ir reject nomination of federal judgements, remove judges through impeachment, create lower courts.

Supreme Court (Judiciary)

Qualifications: There are no qualifications to be in the judiciary. Term of Office: For life. Organizational structure: begin with the lower courts then U.S. district court then U.S. court of appeals, and finally the supreme court and then maybe higher courts. Powers: The key authority exercised by the Supreme Court is Judicial Review. Which is the power to review a action of the legislative or executive branch and declare its unconstitutional. Checks and Balances: Judicial Review.

What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

Senate and House of Representatives

What is the highest court in the United States?

Supreme Court

Who is one of your state's U.S. Senators now?

Ted Cruz

If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

The speaker of The House of Representatives

How do you address a member of the Senate?

Use the honorific "The Honorable" when addressing an envelope to a state senator, followed by his full name.

If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?

Vice President

Elastic Clause

What is it? It allows Congress to make laws it needs to carry out its own powers. Where can it be found? Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the U.S. Constitution Significance? It's controversial, because it expands Congress's powers beyond what is written in the Constitution.

Supremacy Clause

What is it? It makes federal law more important than state laws. Where can it be found? Article VI, Paragraph 2 of the U.S. Constitution Significance? If there is a conflict between a state law and federal law, the federal law is the one used.

Judicial Review

What is it? The power of the federal courts to determine whether a law is constitutional or not. In other words: Supreme Court can strike down a law if it is NOT constitutional Where can it be found? In a Supreme Court case called "Marbury vs Madison" Significance In interpreting the law for that case, the Supreme Court "discovered" that this is their power. Its a check on the legislative and also the executive branches

Why was the Battle of Saratoga considered a turning point in the Revolutionary War?

a. It convinced many Indians to join the American cause.

The cartoon below was created by Benjamin Franklin, author of the Albany Plan.

a. The colonies should create a confederation for matters like defense.

Which of the following was NOT a qualification for electing a representative to the House of Burgesses?

a. being a slaveholder

Under mercantilism, the thirteen American colonies were expected to provide Great Britain with

a. raw materials and markets for British products

In the colonial era, developments such as the New England town meetings and the establishment of the Virginia House of Burgesses represented

a. steps in the growth of representative democracy

"That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of those ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it, and to institute a new government..." According to this quotation, governments get their authority from

a. the people

What does the President's Cabinet do?

advises the President

Who does a U.S. Senator represent?

all people of the state

According to the Constitution, which of the following has the power to declare war?

b. Congress

Read the statement below. Britain and the king are too far away to know what is best for the colonies. Who would most likely have agreed with this statement?

b. a Patriot

In the 1780s, the national government under the Articles of Confederation established its authority in the Northwest Territory by

b. providing a system for the formation of new states

Under the United States Constitution, those powers not delegated to the federal government are

b. reserved to the states or to the people

What was the first constitution of the United States?

b. the Articles of Confederation

Which of the following best describes the main message of Thomas Paine's Common Sense?

c. Colonists should declare independence from Britain.

Supporters of the new Constitution in 1787 were known as

c. Federalists

Which of the following was most responsible for the trend shown in the table?

c. Many Africans were forced to come to the colonies as slaves.

The term "judicial review" refers to the power of the

c. Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws

What was one argument raised by those who opposed ratification of the Constitution in 1787? Choose one answer.

c. The Constitution lacked a bill of rights.

"We should consider we are providing a constitution for future generations of Americans, and not merely for the particular circumstances of the moment." --Delegate at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 The writers of the Constitution best reflected this idea when they provided that

c. Three-fifths of the slaves should be counted as part of the total population

During the Revolutionary War period, Thomas Paine's Common Sense was important because it

c. convinced many Americans who had been undecided to support independence

Which of these documents established the first written framework of self-government in the American colonies?

c. the Mayflower Compact

Which of these newspaper headlines best illustrates the federal system of checks and balances?

d. "President Vetoes Highway Spending Bill"

Why is the Constitution called a "living document"?

d. It can be amended in order to change with the times.

Which of the following does the Preamble of the Constitution do?

d. It lists the goals of the federal government.

What was one effect of Shays' Rebellion?

d. It persuaded many leaders to call for a stronger federal government.

Which of the following best describes how colonists reacted to the Tea Act?

d. They boycotted and destroyed entire shipments of tea.

Which of these most accurately describes the Declaration of Independence?

d. a list of colonists' grievances against the British king

The significance of the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison is that the decision

d. established the power of judicial review

Which of the following rights became established in the colony of New York as a result of the Zenger trial?

d. freedom of the press

A fundamental principle of a republican form of government is that

d. legislation must be passed by the elected representatives of the people.

What important issue did the Great Compromise settle?

d. representation in Congress

Who signs bills to become laws?

president

Who vetoes bills?

president

What does the judicial branch do?

reviews laws explains laws resolves disputes (disagreements) decides if a law goes against the Constitution

Who is the Commander in Chief of the military?

the President

What are two Cabinet-level positions?

▪ Secretary of Agriculture ▪ Secretary of Commerce ▪ Secretary of Defense ▪ Secretary of Education ▪ Secretary of Energy ▪ Secretary of Health and Human Services ▪ Secretary of Homeland Security ▪ Secretary of Housing and Urban Development ▪ Secretary of the Interior ▪ Secretary of Labor ▪ Secretary of State ▪ Secretary of Transportation ▪ Secretary of the Treasury ▪ Secretary of Veterans Affairs ▪ Attorney General ▪ Vice President


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