Six Sigma Week 4&5
Pareto was an Italian economist famous for the 80/20 rule, which means
80 percent of wealth belongs to 20 percent of the population
What is a stem and leaf display?
A display that shows the shape of the distribution of the data
What should you have at the end of the measure phase?
A measure, A target and A gap
The most important thing teams should consider when deciding what customer data to collect
Are the measures actionable
attribute data
Attribute data is qualitative data that can be counted for recording and analysis. Examples include the presence or absence of a required label, the installation of all required fasteners. Attribute data is not acceptable for production part submissions unless variable data cannot be obtained.
Baseline data plays an important role in project success because it facilitates
Benefit estimation and Project planning
What's the difference between populations and samples?
Populations are a complete collection of things; samples are a subset of a population
What term describes the probability that a product or service will go through all steps of the process without a defect?
Rolled throughput yield
A trend is
Seven points in a row (rule of thumb)
A run chart can reveal
Shifts and Trends
Why should a sample be random?
So that it is representative of the population
What is the minimum recommended sample size for collecting discrete data?
100
Correlation means
Correlation does not mean causation, The pattern of dots is tighter with a strong correlation, A positive correlation can be either good news or bad news.
Customer needs are not the same as their requirements. All of the following are requirements except
Cup of coffee
What is an advantage of Defects per Unit (DPU) over Rolled Throughput Yield (RTY)?
It accounts for multiple defects per unit of production
Why is a sample taken rather than measuring the whole population?
It is more time and cost effective
Which of the following is NOT true of standard deviation?
It is usually used with the mean to describe our data, It is the most important measure of variation in Six Sigma, It is impacted by extreme data
Nominal is best quality characteristic
Target Values can be of several types, but the most common ones are: (1) smaller is better, (2) larger is better, and (3) nominal is best. Example: Below are threeexamples of Target Values, one each for (1) smaller is better, (2) larger is better, and (3) nominal is best.Aug 20, 2012
Which of the following is the most important thing to look at when analyzing a histogram?
The shape
dispersion
The spread of the data
Which of the following allows you to tell what percentage should be certain distances from the mean?
The standard deviation
A bimodal distribution means that
There is "two of something" impacting the process
What are the benefits of a box and whisker plot?
They summarize data from multiple sources and display the results in a single graph
The purpose of a Gage R&R is
To determine the precision of the measurement system, To determine the percentage of total variation that is due to the measurement system, To determine the repeatability and reproducibility of the measurement system
What are the primary uses of a defect location check sheet?
To reveal the location on a part where defects are occurring
When you have a bell-shaped curve, none of the five M's or one P are
Unduly influencing the process
Rolled throughput yield
What term describes the probability that a product or service will go through all steps of the process without a defect?
Range
Which measure of variation describes the distance between the highest and the lowest points of data?
The standard deviation
Which of the following allows you to tell what percentage should be certain distances from the mean?
At the performance indicator identification tollgate, which of the following is true?
Your sponsor will want to know exactly what you are going to measure. If you have data in reports already, you should have that information available for your sponsor. If there are things close to what you need, you should be able to explain why we are not using those.
Counted data is
discrete