Skeletal system

Main purpose of yellow bone marrow

Stores fat and produces red blood cells during life threatening situations.

Appendicular skeleton contains

All bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton.

How do two types of bone marrow differ between infants and adults?

Both types of bone marrow contain numerous blood vessels and capillaries. At birth, all bone marrow is red, and with age more and more of it is converted to the yellow marrow.

Main role of osteoblast

Formation of new bone

Main role of osteocytes

Maintaining the mineral concentration of the matrix.

Bone marrow

The softer connective tissue that feels the interior of the most bone. This sponge like tissue is in the center of most bones and produces white blood cells red blood cells and platelets.

Ossification (osteogenesis)

formation of bone

Three nutrients that are important to bone health

• Calcium. • Vitamin D. • Vitamin K.

Bone tissue

• Is defined as hard, dense *connective tissue* that forms the skeleton, provides protection, support and movement.

What is the shape classification of bone for the pelvis?

• The pelvis is tricky to categorize since it's not a single bone. The pelvis is composed of irregular bones of the sacrum, and flat bones of the "hip bone" or pelvic girdle (Ilium, ischium, pubis).

Where is red bone marrow found?

It is found in the spongy bone tissue adults adults (concentrated in epiphysis and metaphysis). Typically closer to the outer surface of the bone and surrounds the yellow marrow. It's also found in the shoulder blades hips schools and flat bones. In infants the spongy bone in deeper medullary cavities of the long bones or contain red marrow.

Where is yellow bone marrow found?

It is located deeper in the bones, in the medullary cavity of long bones. It is typically found at the center surrounded by red bone marrow.

Why is calcium important to bone health?

It is needed to make calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate, which form the hydroxyapatite crystals that give bone it's hardness.

Main purpose of red bone marrow

It is the site where red blood cells platelets and white blood cells are created. These blood cells carry oxygen to the lungs and organs and the white blood cells are what strengthen our immune system and fight infections in the body.

Axial skeleton function

It serves to protect the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head neck and back.

Appendicular skeleton function

To grasp and manipulate objects (the bones of the upper limbs) and permits movement/locomotion (the bones of the lower limbs).

At about what week and pregnancy does ossification begin?

• ossification starts by embryonic week 6-7, or pregnancy week 8-9.

Fibrous proteins that gives bone tissue strength and resilience

•Collagen

Five shape classifications of bone

•Long. •Short. •Flat. •Irregular. •Sesamoid.

What is one bone example of the appendicular skeleton?

•Phalanges.

Main role of osteogenic cells

Are undifferentiated with high mitotic activity and only bone cells that divide.

Main role of osteoclast

Bone resorption and breakdown

One skeletal system function in detail

•Protects internal organs; bones protect the internal organs from injury by covering or surrounding them. Your ribs protect your lungs and heart the bones of your vertebral column protect your spinal cord and the bones of your cranium protect your brain without these bones these internal organs would be susceptible to severe damage from her body performing simple task.

Some people, especially later and pregnancy, Experience pain in the area or the anterior pelvic bones join at the pubic arch. The area where the bones join is called what?

•Pubic synthesis.

Axial skeleton contains

•Skull. •Vertebral column (including the sacrum and coccyx). •Thoracic cage (ribs and sternum).

Four main functions of the skeletal system

•Supports the body/gives it shape and facilitates movement. •Protects internal organs. •Produces blood cells. •Stores and releases minerals and fats.

What is one bone example of the axial skeleton?

•The skull.

Two types of bone marrow

•Yellow marrow. •Red marrow.