SKIN CANCER & MELANOMA TEST

what is the number of blistering sunburns during adolescence at which the risk of melanoma development increases.

5 or more

what is a chemotherapy that may be applied topically for the treatment of early NMSCs.

5-FU

what is the clinical rules for assessing Melanoma.

A, B, C, and D

what is the current melanoma classification system of choice.

AJCC

what is a slow-growing form of skin cancer that does not tend to metastasize, and arises from the stem cells of the stratum basale.

BCC

what is the most commonly diagnosed skin cancer in Hispanics.

BCC

what tends to arise as smooth, red, or milky lumps and have a pearly border and multiple telangiectasia; can be shiny or pale.

BCC

what is the staging system that historically categorizes melanomas based on tumor thickness from the top of the granular layer of the epidermis or, if the primary tumor is ulcerated, from the ulcer surface to the deepest identifiable melanoma cell, as measured by an ocular micrometer.

Breslow's system

what are the 6 changes in the appearance of a mole that should be monitored as possible signs of melanoma.

Change in color Change in surface Change in texture Change in the surrounding skin Change in sensation Change in previously normal skin

what is the staging system that categorizes melanomas based on their level of invasion through the epidermis and layers of the dermis.

Clark's system

what is a slow-growing tumor thought to arise from vascular tissue; common in individuals affected with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and those of Mediterranean origins.

Kaposi sarcoma

what is the amount of UV radiation that a fabric blocks.

UV protection factor

what is the 2 types of UV rays contained in sunshine.

UVA and UVB

what is the type of person at greatest risk for developing melanoma.

a person who spends most time inside but is exposed to intense sun occassionally

what is a cancer of the sebaceous and sudoriferous glands.

adenocarcinoma

where it is especially common for SCC to arise.

anywhere on the body but especially sun-exposed areas (head, neck, face, arms, and hands

what uses highly focused beams of light that can destroy areas of a tumor with pinpoint accuracy while preserving the surrounding healthy tissue.

lasers

what may be used to protect the teeth and gums during radiation treatment of the lip. Paraffin wax can cover me to help prevent electron backscatter and to reduce the dose to the buccal mucosa.

lead shielding

what is the deadliest form of skin cancer.

malignant melanoma

what is the natural protective substance that gives color to the skin, hair and iris of the eye.

melanin

what is the gender that is more likely to have basal and squamous cell skin cancers.

men

what is the gender that is more likely to have melanoma after the age of 65.

men

what is the term which refers to repeated incidences of skin cancers in an individual.

multiplicity

what is contained in the subcutaneous layer.

nerves, blood vessels, adipose (fat) tissue, and areolar connective tissue

what is the term for a mole.

nevus

what are the potential late effects of Radiation therapy of the skin.

scarring, necrosis, and chronic radiation dermatitis

what is the largest organ of the human body.

skin

what is a proven cause of SCC of the lip.

smoking

what is the type of person who is most apt to develop BCCs or SCCs.

spends most of the time outdoors in the sun

what is the basal layer of the epidermis.

stratum basale

what is the outermost layer of the epidermis.

stratum corneum

what is the layer of the epidermis normally found only in areas in which thick skin is present

stratum lucid

what is the layer of the epidermis containing rows of keratinocytes, which have a spiny appearance microscopically.

stratum spinosum

what is the term for sweat.

sudoriferous

what are the two most significant characteristics of the primary melanoma.

tumor thickness and ulceration

what should be used in the nostril to help protect the nasal septum during Radiation treatments for skin cancers that involve the nose.

wax-coated lead strip in the nostril

what is the gender that is more likely to have melanoma before the age of 50.

women

what appears as multiple, hard, corn-like masses on the palms of hands or soles of feet result from long-term arsenic ingestion.

Arsenical keratoses

what is a faster-growing cancer than the basal cell type with a higher propensity for metastasis.

SCC

what is the most commonly diagnosed skin cancer among Black and Asian populations.

SCC

the four main categories that indicate a tendency to develop skin cancer.

geographic location, skin type, multiplicity, and gender

what appears as warty lesions or areas of red, scaly patches occur on the sun-exposed skin of the face or hands of older, light-skinned individuals.

Actinic (solar) keratoses

what are the cells from which melanomas develop; the skin cells that produce melanin.

Melanocytes

what is a relatively rare but potentially aggressive primary cutaneous neuroendocrine disease that has a mortality rate that is twice that observed in melanoma.

Merkel cell carcinoma

what is a type of NMSC known for high rates of recurrence after surgical excision, frequent involvement of regional lymph nodes, and distant metastasis that can lead to death.

Merkel cell carcinoma

what is a precise type of surgery used in areas where the extent of the cancer is unknown, or in instances of aggressive, rapidly growing tumors.

Moh's surgery

what is the classification group that includes more than 80 types of skin malignancies.

NMSC (non-melanoma skin cancers)

what tends to have a scaly, crusty, slightly elevated lesion that may have a cutaneous horn and often present on the sun exposed areas of the body such as the arms, head, and neck; an take longer than 3 weeks to heal, may itch or be tender, and appear as a wart that bleeds or scabs.

SCC

what allows healthcare workers to categorize patients with similar disease patterns to assist the care team in treatment planning, facilitation of information exchange, indicate disease spread risk and prognosis, and help evaluate treatment results.

Staging groups

what are the 5 UV light sources of which people need to be aware.

Strong sun Reflected light Cloudy skies Fluorescent light Tanning lamps

what is the location surrounding the external ear which may present an air gap during radiation treatment. Custom bolus placed here can be used to prevent the air gap.

base of the auricle

what holds the epidermis and dermal layers together.

basement membrane

what may be used with electron therapy to fill in gaps on uneven surfaces, maximize the surface dose, or reduce the underlying tissue dose.

bolus

what is the most common form of malignancy in humans.

cancer of the skin

what is used to manufacture custom cutouts which outline the treatment field and protect healthy tissues during radiation treatement.

cerrobend

what is the classification of a mole that develops later in life.

common acquired nevi

what is the classification of a mole present at birth.

congenital melanocytic nevi

what is contained within the dermis.

connective tissue containing blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, nerve endings, sudoriferous glands (sweat), sebaceous glands (oil), and hair follicles

what is the process of applying liquid nitrogen or carbon dioxide to a skin lesion thereby freezing and killing the abnormal cells.

cryosurgery

what is the process of cutting out cancer with a loop, ring, or scoop shaped-tool.

curettage

what is a disease of lymphocytes that can resemble eczema or other inflammatory conditions and tends to remain localized to the skin for long periods. Total skin electron beam therapy can be used for my treatment.

cutaneous lymphoma

what is the connective tissue layer in the skin.

dermis

what is a process which uses a probe emitting a high-frequency electric current to destroy tissue and cauterize blood vessels.

electrodesiccation

what is the avascular layer of the skin.

epidermis

what is the epithelial layer in the skin.

epidermis

People who live close to what on Planet Earth have a high chance of skin cancer development.

equator

what is the major cause of skin cancers.

exposure to UV light

what is the 2 factors contributing to NMSCs other than UV exposure.

exposure to arsenic and therapeutic or occupational exposure to radiation

Small-to-medium (internal) versions of what can be placed between the eyelid and eye. Larger (external) versions of what can be used to cover the eyelid.

eye shielding

what is the type of complexion that is more likely to develop skin cancer.

fair skin complexion