SO101 chapter 3: culture

The notion that people cannot feel or experience something that they do not have a word for can be explained by: linguistics Sapir-Whorf Ethnographic imagery bilingualism

Sapir-Whorf

A nation's flag is: A symbol A value A culture A folkway

a symbol

A sociologist conducts research into the ways that Hispanic American students are historically underprivileged in the American education system. What theoretical approach is the sociologist using? Symbolic interactionism Functionalism Conflict theory Ethnocentrism

conflict theory

The "American Dream"—the notion that anybody can be successful and rich if they work hard enough—is most commonly associated with which sociological theory? Sociobiology Functionalism Conflict theory Ethnocentrism

conflict theory

The Ku Klux Klan is an example of what part of culture? Counterculture Subculture Multiculturalism Afrocentricity

counterculture

Your 83-year-old grandmother has been using a computer for some time now. As a way to keep in touch, you frequently send e-mails of a few lines to let her know about your day. She calls after every e-mail to respond point by point, but she has never e-mailed a response back. This can be viewed as an example of: cultural lag innovation ethnocentricity xenophobia

cultural lag

The terms _________________ and ______________ are often used interchangeably, but have nuances that differentiate them. imperialism and relativism culture and society society and ethnocentrism ethnocentrism and xenocentrism

culture and society

Rodney and Elise are American students studying abroad in Italy. When they are introduced to their host families, the families kiss them on both cheeks. When Rodney's host brother introduces himself and kisses Rodney on both cheeks, Rodney pulls back in surprise. Where he is from, unless they are romantically involved, men do not kiss one another. This is an example of: culture shock imperialism ethnocentrism xenocentrism

culture shock

That McDonald's is found in almost every country around the world is an example of: globalization diffusion culture lag xenocentrism

diffusion

The major difference between invention and discovery is: Invention is based on technology, whereas discovery is usually based on culture Discovery involves finding something that already exists, but invention puts things together in a new way Invention refers to material culture, whereas discovery can be material or theoretic, like laws of physics Invention is typically used to refer to international objects, whereas discovery refers to that which is local to one's culture

discovery involves finding something that already exists, but invention puts things together in a new way

An example of high culture is ___________, whereas an example of popular culture would be ____________. Dostoevsky style in film; "American Idol" winners medical marijuana; film noir country music; pop music political theory; sociological theory

dostoevsky style in film; "American Idol" winners

What theoretical perspective views society as having a system of interdependent inherently connected parts? Sociobiology Functionalism Conflict theory Ethnocentrism

functionalism

Some jobs today advertise in multinational markets and permit telecommuting in lieu of working from a primary location. This broadening of the job market and the way that jobs are performed can be attributed to: cultural lag innovation discovery globalization

globalization

The biggest difference between mores and folkways is that mores are primarily linked to morality, whereas folkways are primarily linked to being commonplace within a culture mores are absolute, whereas folkways are temporary mores refer to material culture, whereas folkways refer to nonmaterial culture mores refer to nonmaterial culture, whereas folkways refer to material culture

mores are primarily linked to morality, whereas folkways are primarily linked to being commonplace within a culture

The American flag is a material object that denotes the United States of America; however, there are certain connotations that many associate with the flag, like bravery and freedom. In this example, what are bravery and freedom? A)Symbols B)Language C)Material culture D)Nonmaterial culture

nonmaterial culture

Cultural sanctions can also be viewed as ways that society: Establishes leaders Determines language Regulates behavior Determines laws

regulates behavior

The existence of social norms, both formal and informal, is one of the main things that inform ___________, otherwise known as a way to encourage social conformity. values sanctions social control mores

social control

Modern-day hipsters are an example of: ethnocentricity counterculture subculture high culture

subculture

The Occupy Wall Street movement of 2011 grew to be an international movement. Supporters believe that the economic disparity between the highest economic class and the mid to lower economic classes is growing at an exponentially alarming rate. A sociologist who studies that movement by examining the interactions between members at Occupy camps would most likely use what theoretical approach? A)Symbolic interactionism B)Functionalism C)Conflict theory D)Ethnocentrism

symbols interactionism

Most cultures have been found to identify laughter as a sign of humor, joy, or pleasure. Likewise, most cultures recognize music in some form. Music and laughter are examples of: relativism ethnocentrism xenocentrism universalism

universalism

The belief that one's culture is inferior to another culture is called: ethnocentrism nationalism xenocentrism imperialism

xenocentrism