Soc Exam 2

1967's Supreme Court case Loving v. Virginia, a case which legally allowed interracial marriage, is an example of

Amalgamation

In the United States, where outsourcing is almost always addressed negatively, companies still get away with outsourcing. How do they do this?

Americans want lower prices for their consumable products, and the only way for companies to deliver those low prices is to outsource the work to cheaper laborers.

In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm?

Conflict Theory

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was created by:

Core nation countries

Ally's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of methamphetamines. By the age of 18, Ally has been arrested three times for possession of marijuana. Which theory best describes Ally's experience?

Differential association theory

The term crime can be defined as:

A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.

It was time for Oli to marry. He had finished school and was starting a job. His parents chose a bride for him whose parents had the same amount of wealth and belonged to the same class as they did. Oli and his bride will have a(n) _________ marriage.

Endogamous*

Cate is the daughter of a Senator and the former CEO of a Fortune 500 company. Harry grew up on a farm, tilling the land for a living. They are planning a June wedding. They will have a(n)___________ marriage.

Exogamous

Which trend has the World Bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations?

More women live in poverty than men.

Symbolic interactionists have come to the conclusion that:

Most people only socialize with people in their same social class.

Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was:

Necessary; it challenged people's views.

Jenny is given a doll for 2nd birthday, while her brother, Tyrone, is given a fire truck. This is an example of gender:

Socialization

Which of the following is not a branch of the U.S. Criminal Justice System?

The Jury

The term segregation is defined in the text as:

The physical separation of two groups, particularly in residence, but also in workplace and social functions.

The term assimilation is defined by the text as:

The process by which a minority individual or group takes on the characteristics of the dominant culture.

Chase grew up wanting to wear his sister's dresses over his brother's pants and button up shirts. When Chase turns 18, he decides to begin living as woman, though he's still only sexually attracted to women. He decides he doesn't want to undergo surgery. Chase is:

Transgender

The term secondary deviance can be defined as:

When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

With the recent Occupy Wall Street Movement, the people of the United States keep hearing about the top 1%. How much of the United State's wealth rests in the hands of the wealthiest top 1% of people?

1/3

What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime?

A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

Elisa graduated from college with a double major and was inducted into the Phi Beta Kappa society. She was then offered a job in New York where she worked 12 hours a day and produced excellent results. Within two years she had over 100 employees working under her. Elisa's hard work was rewarded with a raise and a bonus. This form of promotion is based on the principles of:

A meritocracy

What is the Kinsey Scale?

A six-point rating system that ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual orientation.

The term deviance can be defined as:

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Which factor is considered when evaluating someone's standard of living?

ALL

Which continent has the largest number of people living in poverty in the world?

Asia

When thinking about gender, Jeff sees men as the dominant social group and women the subordinate group. This exploitation of the subordinate group has created social problems, such as high rates of poverty among single mothers. Which sociological perspective best fit Jeff's views?

Conflict theory

Bernie Madoff, recently sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a Ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime?

Corporate Crime

In 2008 the United States, as well as the rest of the world, felt the effects of the recession. After the collapse of the housing market, people lost their jobs and they quit spending money. Many people could not afford their mortgages anymore and their homes went into foreclosure. For many people, it was a time of __________.

Downward mobility

In 2010, what did controversial Senate Bill 1070 propose, causing a series of protests and legal battles?

During a lawful stop, detention, or arrest, Arizona police officers may establish the immigration status of anyone they suspect may be here illegally.

Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation?

Gross National Income per Capita

When Wendy's sorority sisters discover that Wendy is a lesbian, they hold a secret meeting to decide if Wendy should still be allowed to pledge. A handful of the sisters vote "no." This is an example of:

Homophobia

Which historical event was greatly responsible for global stratification as we see it today

Industerial Revolution

Which is an effect of absolute poverty that also contributes to its cyclical nature?

Lack of education

Arizona Senate Bill 1070, often referred to colloquially as the "papers, please" law, was aimed widely at those of:

Mexican descent

According to the social construction of race school of thought, race is:

Not biologically identifiable

Which statement would you find in the analysis of poverty by Neckerman and Torche?

Once poverty has entered a geographic location, it is very difficult to get rid of.

What is the difference between sex and gender?

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

Peggy accepts a job offer as an advertising copywriter. Her boss immediately assigns her campaigns for products such as makeup and cleaning products. Peggy asks for different clients, but her boss tells her she should stick to what she and "her kind" know best. Peggy is experiencing:

Sexism

Which group within the United States has been stereotyped as the model minority?

The Asian American community

Speedy Gonzalez is a popular cartoon character, but is widely considered an inappropriate stereotype. Many children are raised watching Speedy Gonzalez cartoons, unaware that such stereotypes are negative. This is a product of:

The culture of prejudice

Social control is:

The regulation and enforcement of norms.

What is the purpose of queer theory?

To question the ways society perceives and experiences sex, gender, and sexuality.

True or false: A person's sex, as determined by his or her biology, does not always correspond with his or her gender.

True

True or false: The majority of American citizens are descendents of immigrants?

True

A person's position in a country's social stratification is determined by:

Wealth, power, income, race, education

When Alexander, who is white, drives his car over the speed limit, a police officer lets him off with a warning. When Christopher, who is Hispanic, drives his car at the same speed as Alexander on the same road, the officer gives him a ticket, even though his record is clean. This is an example of:

White privilege

Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society?

Wright Mills

Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms?

core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

When Jeanette's parents find out her twin brother, Rex, has been sexually active, they tell him to use protection. When they found out Jeanette has been sexually active, they ground her for a month. This is an example of:

double standard

Since the social classes in the United States do not have any clear boundaries, how is a sociologist supposed to determine whether their subjects are in the upper class or the upper-middle class?

Upper class is often defined as having control over one's life and the lives of people around you, while the upper-middle class is often defined as having control only over one's own life.

Which statement explains why Immanuel Wallerstein's classification is preferred by sociologist?

Wallerstein's classification uses neutral terms that allow his classification of nations to be less biased and appear less ethnocentric.