SOCI 1101H - Chapter 7 Review Questions

A convicted sexual offender is released on parole and arrested two weeks later for repeated sexual crimes. How would labeling theory explain this? a) The offender has been labeled deviant by society and has accepted a new master status. b) The offender has returned to his old neighborhood and so reestablished his former habits. c) The offender has lost the social bonds he made in prison and feels disconnected from society. d) The offender is poor and responding to the different cultural values that exist in his community.

a

A promotion at work is an example of which kind of sanction? a) formal positive b) formal negative c) informal positive d) informal negative

a

A student wakes up late and realizes her sociology exam starts in five minutes. She jumps into her car and speeds down the road, where she is pulled over by a police officer. The student explains that she is running late, and the officer lets her off with a warning. The student's actions are an example of ___________. a) primary deviance b) positive deviance c)secondary deviance d) master deviance

a

According to social disorganization theory, crime is most likely to occur where? a) a community where neighbors don't know each other well b) a neighborhood with mostly elderly citizens c) a city with a large minority population d) a college campus with students who are very competitive

a

For decades, Bernie Madoff convinced his investors that they were making legitimate investments that offered great returns. These actions amounted to one of the biggest Ponzi schemes in history. Madoff's fraudulent acts are examples of _________. a) corporate crime b) street crime c) victimless crimes d) all of the above

a

Professors during the Vietnam War era staged non-violent "sit-in" protests that involved occupying strategic public locations to draw attention to their opinions. Protests like these are considered ____________. a) acts of deviance b) positive sanctions c) social order d) social control

a

Which of the following is an example of corporate crime? a) embezzlement b) shoplifting c) assault d) burglary

a

Which of the following situations best describes crime trends in the US? a) Rates of violent and nonviolent crimes are decreasing. b) Rates of violent crimes are decreasing, but there are more nonviolent crimes now than ever before. c) Crime rates have skyrocketed since the 1970s due to tax correction laws. d) Rates of street crime have gone up, but corporate crime has gone down.

a

Which of the following statements about police is false? a) The US has a national police force. b) Federal law enforcement officers are employed by agencies like the FBI and the Department of Homeland Security. c) State police have the authority to enforce statewide laws. d) A county police officer may work at the local jail.

a

Which part of the US criminal justice system is charged with enforcing laws and public order? a) police b) courts c) corrections d) judges

a

According to C. Wright Mills, which of the following people is most likely to be a member of the power elite? a) a war veteran b) a senator c) a professor d) a mechanic

b

According to the concept of the power elite, why would a celebrity such as Charlie Sheen commit a crime? a) Because his parents committed similar crimes. b) Because his fame protects him from retribution. c) Because his fame disconnects him from society. d) Because he is challenging socially accepted norms.

b

All of the following statements about Emile Durkheim's perspective on the role of deviance in society are true, except: a) Deviance is a necessary part of a successful society. b) All deviant acts should be punished. c) One of the roles of deviance is to challenge people's present views. d) Punishing deviance is a positive because it reaffirms society's social norms.

b

During the Civil Rights Movement, a Black woman named Rosa Park broke a social norm by refusing to give up her seat to a White man. This exemplifies __________. a) an act of social control b) an act of deviance c) a social norm d) criminal mores

b

Societies practice social control to maintain __________. a) formal sanctions b) social order c) cultural deviance d) sanction labeling

b

What is a disadvantage of the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)? a) The NCVS doesn't include demographic data, such as age or gender. b) The NCVS may be unable to reach important groups, such as those without phones. c) The NCVS doesn't address the relationship between the criminal and the victim. d) The NCVS only includes information collected by police officers.

b

One day, you decide to wear pajamas to the grocery store. While you shop, you notice people giving you strange looks and whispering to others. In this case, the grocery store patrons are demonstrating _______. a) deviance b) formal sanctions c) informal sanctions d) positive sanctions

c

Spousal abuse is an example of what kind of crime? a) street crime b) corporate crime c) violent crime d) nonviolent crime

c

State court systems generally include all of the following courts, except _________. a) trial courts b) appellate courts c) US Supreme Court d) state supreme court

c

Which of the following statements about deviance is not true? a) Deviance is sometimes a positive because it can foster social change b) The notion of deviance changes over the course of time. c) All deviant acts are criminal. d) none of the above

c

Which of the following statements about victimless crimes is not true? a) Not everyone feels that crimes like prostitution are victimless because some people feel that such transactions are, in fact, harmful to society. b) Crimes are generally considered victimless when the perpetrator is not explicitly harming another person. c) Victimless crimes are crimes that involve the destruction of theft of property, but not the use of force or the threat of force. d) Underage consumption of alcohol is generally considered a victimless crime.

c

Which theorist would say the following? "Crime and deviance are learned from the environment and either encouraged or discouraged by those around us." a) a functionalist b) a conflict theorist c) a symbolic interactionist d) a strain theorist

c

________ deviance is a violation of norms that ________ result in a person being labeled a deviant. a) secondary, do not b) negative, does c) primary, does not d) primary, may or may not

c

A student has a habit of talking on her cell phone during class. One day, the professor stops his lecture and asks her to respect the other students in the class by turning off her phone. In this situation, the professor used ____________ sanctions to maintain social control. a) formal positive b) formal negative c) informal positive d) informal negative

d

A study shows that blue-collar crimes are punished more harshly than white-collar crimes. Which perspective on the role of deviance in society does this study support? a) strain theory b) labeling theory c) control theory d) conflict theory

d

An angry comment is an example of which kind of sanction? a) formal positive b) formal negative c) informal positive d) informal negative

d

Shaw and McKay found that crime is linked primarily to ________. a) power b) master status c) family status d) wealth

d

Which of the following best describes how deviance is defined? a) Deviance is defined by federal, state, and local laws. b) Deviance's definition is determined by one's religion. c) Deviance occurs whenever someone else is harmed by an action. d) Deviance is socially defined.

d

Which sociological theory examines the ascribing of deviant behavior to another person by members of society? a) cultural deviance b) social disorganization c) strain d) labeling

d

Which sociological theory states that deviant behavior is learned from those closest to the individual deviant? a) power elite b) control c) cultural deviance d) differential association

d