Social Exam Review: Industrial Revolution

What led to population explosion in England?

Freedom, improved health, fewer deaths.

The agriculture revolution was indispensable to Britain's industrialization because

It freed up the labor needed to work in factories.

The Steam Engine contributed to industrial advancements by ALL of the following EXCEPT

It provided the workers a safe and healthy work environment.

Private Land

Land that became privately owned after the Enclosure Act.

The movement of people to cities in Great Britain was due to

Laws passed in Parliament making people move to cities.

By 1850, the majority of Britain's population

Lived in the cities.

What was the 'new' industry dominated by?

Machinery and Manufacturing

What document did the King of England sign that said the people had rights and that the king was not above this law?

Magna Carta

The illness caused by the dust in the air was known as

Mill Fever

Capital

Money see to invest in labor, people, or factories

One of the major results of the Industrial Revolution was

More products were produced at a cheaper price making them available to more people.

What is NOT a belief of capitalism?

No social classes.

Empire

One country having control of many places in the world.

Common Land

Open land that was shared among all the people on a manor during the Middle Ages. Usually used as a shared pasture.

Nationalist (Nationalism)

People committed to their country and often put the interests of their country ahead of everything else. Nationalism is loyalty and devotion to one's country and people.

Capitalists (Capitalism)

People who believe in big business, investments, and entrepreneurship.

Socialists (Socialism)

People who support a political and economical theory that says a community as a whole should own and control land, resources, and businesses of the area.

Liberals (Liberalism)

People whose political views make them favour individual rights and freedoms, and free trade.

Factories changed the nature of working life in which of the following ways?

People worked longer hours.

Hazards faced by the factory workers included all of the following EXCEPT

Radiation

Rural labourers had trouble adjusting to ____ in the factory workplace.

Rigid timetables of work

What is a Society? What are 5 discernible features of Canada's society?

S O C I E T Y : a society is the way groups of people have organized themselves to live together. i. 2 Languages (English and French) ii. Winter Sports (Hockey, mostly) iii. Anthem (O Canada) iv. A combination of multiple cultures (Multicultural) v. Sparse population (Lots of land, not a lot of people)

Knock-knees were caused by constant ____

Standing

The Industrial Revolution's most important technological advance was the

Steam Engine.

Universal Suffrage

Suffrage is the right to vote. In the early days, only certain people could vote, so people campaigned for "universal" suffrage, or votes for all adults of a country. Most industrialized countries have universal suffrage.

The workers described in this article worked in _____ factories

Textile

During the Industrial Revolution farming improvements led to the privatizing and fencing off of land in Great Britain. What was this movement called?

The "Enclosure Movement"

What was the name of the disease that killed nearly half the people of Europe?

The Black Death (or Bubonic Plague)

Overseas colonies contributed to the Industrial Revolution in Great Britain in which of the following ways?

The Colonies supplied raw materials to and bought products from Great Britain.

What was the war between the Muslims and the Holy Roman Empire called?

The Crusades

Under socialism who owns the factors of production?

The state.

During the Industrial Revolution, why did factory owners prefer to hire women and children to work for them?

They could pay women and children less/were less likely to form unions.

Why do some historians dislike the term 'Industrial Revolution?'

They feel 'revolution' means a dramatic change, but the real change was gradual and varied.

Invention: Steam Engine

Thomas Necomen - 1905 Uses high-pressure steam to propel components. Exhaust steam is what makes a "choo-choo" sound when trains start moving. Most things during the Industrial Revolution used a Steam Engine to power it. Without a Steam Engine, the Industrial Revolution wouldn't have progressed as much as it did.

The word 'fatigue' means

Tiredness

What areas of Britain grew the most?

Urban areas.

Between 1780 and 1850, the European population

ballooned from 175 million to 266 million.

Style of Government: Socialism

i. Believe that people should own businesses together. (ex-SaskPower) ii. Socialists were opposed to the way workers were treated like machines rather than humans. iii. Socialists rejected capitalism's emphasis on competition and profit.

Before factories developed, machinery was powered by

using their muscles.

Internal Combustion Engine

Engine powered by the explosion of gases or vapour with air in a cylinder. Our modern cars developed from this invention.

The Industrial Revolution originated in

England

Plantation

Estate or a large farm on which a cash crop such as cotton, tea, tobacco, or coffee. Originally, work was done by slaves.

Children were most likely to get beaten by the overseer in the afternoon because that was the time when they became restless and playful.

FALSE

From the information in this article, you can infer that most factory workers continued to work in the factories until they retired at the age of 65.

FALSE

The life expectancy for the average person before industrialization was longer than today's life expectancy (T or F)

FALSE

Enclosure

Fencing or enclosing of common lands during the Industrial Revolution. Common lands became privately owned, and made it difficult for tenant farmers to find enough pasture for their animals, forcing most of them to move to cities.

The young children who worked as scavengers often suffered _____ injuries

Foot

Problems from Rapid Growth: Crime

-Because crime rate went off so much the government had to create the police force and laws. -Because of poverty and a large population, people resorted to crime as a way to have resources.

Legacy #3: Higher Standard of Living

-Better education and healthcare -Sanitary improvements -Decrease in Crime

Problems from rapid growth: Pollution from Factories

-Coal was burned in order to power many inventions -Mass demand and population required factories to create more products which resulted in more waste -Iron waste was disposed of in water

Problems from rapid growth: Widespread occurrences of Infectious Diseases

-Due to exploration in many different places, people contracted various infections and spread them. -Doctors had a lack of knowledge when it came to such infections -Modern medicine/vaccines were not available

Problems from rapid growth: Inadequate Sanitation, Public Health, Housing, and Transportation

-Sewer systems could not keep up, so it needed to be improved -Houses didn't have appropriate insulation and water systems -Public transport was not widely available and vehicles were not that advanced

Legacy #1: Technological Improvements

-Trains -Compass -Telegraph

Legacy #2: Improvements in Medication

-Vaccines -Doctors know more -Improvements in sanitary conditions

Problems from rapid growth: Poverty Created by Low Wages

-Workers were underpaid and worked long hours, decreasing their quality of life. -Due to long hours, workers did not receive and education to improve their quality of life.

Reaping Machine

A machine that harvests crops.

In the 1800s, one of the outcomes of the laws against child labor was

All children were required to attend a public school.

England's success in the Revolution was due in part to

All of the above

The enclosure movement:

All of the above

What were the outcomes of the Industrial Revolution?

All of the above

What 'class' did the Industrial Revolution create?

An urban working class.

Which of the following is not a tool used by unions?

Boycott

Steam Engines were powered by

Coal.

A major result of the Industrial Revolution was:

Concentration of workers in an urban area.

Trade Unions

Created by trade workers to improve working conditions.

Which industry saw the earliest benefit of innovations?

The Textile Industry

What type of workers' organization had the greatest role in developing a sense of class consciousness among factory labourers?

The Union

What was the Industrial Revolution?

The acceleration of technical and economic development that begun in Britain around 1750.

Economics

The branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption, and transfer of wealth; how money gets in and out of a country.

The family system changed during the Industrial Revolution in which of the following ways?

The family became smaller as more people moved to cities and worked in factories.