SOCIAL PSYC: CHAPTER 1

53. One of the first steps to determining how each topic applies to your own life is to ______. A. determine which topics interest you B. examine which topics are least complex C. determine which topics are most popular D. examine the number of existing experiments on the topic

A. determine which topics interest you

31. Which term refers to life experiences that influence our thoughts and behaviors? A. nurture B. nature C. interaction D. cognition

A. nurture

6. What term describes the scientific study of human strengths and virtues? A. positive psychology B. clinical psychology C. anthropology D. sociology

A. positive psychology

7. Someone who is studying how individuals think about and remember other people and social situations is studying ______. A. social cognition B. social behavior C. anthropology D. sociology

A. social cognition

9. What aspect of social psychology is primarily interested in how each person defines himself or herself? A. social thinking B. social influence C. social behavior

A. social thinking

19. Researchers are examining how a particular subculture establishes rules of acceptable and unacceptable behavior. With which discipline are the researchers likely associated? A. sociology B. social psychology C. anthropology D. clinical psychology

A. sociology

22. The factor (E) in Lewin's equation represents ______. A. the environment B. energy C. exercise D. the establishment

A. the environment

62. One of the greatest benefits of taking a self-report scale that measures self-esteem is that it can help you to _____. A. understand the underlying components that comprise self-esteem B. determine the average self-esteem levels of others C. evaluate whether the concept is worthy of scientific study D. identify techniques and strategies to improve self-esteem

A. understand the underlying components that comprise self-esteem

15. Which research topic is part of the content domain of social behavior in social psychology? A. aggression B. stereotypes C. self-perception D. obedience

A. aggression

66. After reading about false dichotomies, you examine your own analysis of a social psychological experiment to ensure you have not applied a false dichotomy in your own work. This will likely help you ______. A. remember the concept B. eliminate researcher bias C. evaluate claims made by experts D. isolate causal variables

A. remember the concept

7. Explain what is meant by the phrase "we all have two different ways of thinking."

Ans: This phrase means that there are two kinds of social thinking. One way of thinking is faster and intuitive, such as relying on "gut feelings" when making a decision. The other is slower and logical, such as carefully evaluating the pros and cons when making a decision.

34. A social psychologist is conducting a study to see whether parenting style is related to juvenile aggression. Which important question of social psychology does this study seek to explore? A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. Why do humans live in groups? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")?

35. Research examining whether being raised by abusive parents makes children more violent is an example of a study that seeks to explore which important social psychological question? A. Is science the best way to learn about social behavior? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. Why do humans live in groups? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")?

64. Which is a component of critical thinking? A. implementation of self-report scales B. analysis of new ideas C. application of concepts to one's life D. falsification of stated hypotheses

B. analysis of new ideas

39. A study tries to determine whether students rely on evidence or gut-instinct when making career decisions. Which important social psychological question does this study explore? A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. How do humans think? D. Is science the best way to learn about social behavior?

C. How do humans think?

40. A study examines behavior among individuals who live in communal settings. Which important question of social psychology does this study seek to explore? A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. Why do humans live in groups? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

C. Why do humans live in groups?

11. Which discipline primarily uses detailed observational research methods? A. sociology B. social psychology C. anthropology D. clinical psychology

C. anthropology

4. Which of the following is primarily used in social psychological research? A. interviews B. surveys C. controlled experiments D. demographic analyses

C. controlled experiments

10. A researcher who is studying romantic relationships is studying which aspect of social psychology? A. social thinking B. social influence C. social behavior

C. social behavior

16. A researcher is conducting a study on the effects of a subculture's prejudice on each individual member's behaviors. This researcher is most likely a(n) ______ researcher. A. anthropology B. sociology C. social psychology D. clinical psychology

C. social psychology

3. Social psychology focuses on how three main areas affect our everyday lives. Which of the following is one of these main areas of focus? A. social norms B. social deviance C. social thinking D. social conflict

C. social thinking

60. Why might you consider completing the self-report scales while you are studying? A. to find a better way to state the questions in the scale B. to attempt to disprove the validity of the scale C. to help you learn and remember the concepts measured by the scale D. to determine whether other scales might be better to use

C. to help you learn and remember the concepts measured by the scale

24. Who envisioned that psychology should be directed toward the application of scientific principles to social problem solving? A. Wilhelm Wundt B. Sigmund Freud C. Solomon Asch D. Kurt Lewin

D. Kurt Lewin

68. Which action best exemplifies how you might critically analyze your own opinions after each section of the text? A. asking yourself how you would test your own hypothesis B. answering survey questions that experiment participants answered C. determining how your scores on a self-report scale are different from other's in your class D. exploring ideas in new and open-minded ways

D. exploring ideas in new and open-minded ways

33. Many psychologists note that pitting nature and nurture against one another is an example of a ______. A. type I error B. type of action research C. replication crisis D. false dichotomy

D. false dichotomy

49. One way to reduce or eliminate the number of false positives that may exist in the scientific literature is to ______. A. conduct more qualitative studies B. make sure that all research findings are carefully reviewed before being published C. publish studies that report findings that are new and original D. increase the number of studies that attempt to replicate findings from previous studies

D. increase the number of studies that attempt to replicate findings from previous studies

14. Which research topic is part of the content domain of social influence in social psychology? A. aggression B. romantic relationships C. self-perception D. obedience

D. obedience

1. Most early psychologists in the United States studied nonhuman animals because their behaviors were easily observed. True False

True

10. People are intensely social animals. True False

True

12. Applying social psychological concepts to your own life may make the field more interesting to you. True False

True

14. Taking self-report scales that have been used in social psychological experiments will help you better understand the concept being measured. True False

True

2. Social psychology focuses on both positive and negative behaviors. True False

True

6. Action research is the application of scientific principles to social problem solving. True false

True

8. Determining whether humans are basically good or evil is partly a practical question for social psychologists. True False

True

9. Humans have two types of thinking systems. One way of thinking is quicker and intuitive, and the other way is slower and logical. True False

True

32. Which question best explores the influence of nature or nurture? A. Are we shaped more by biological factors or by environmental factors? B. Do people respond to a specific situation in different ways? C. Are people basically good or basically evil? D. How do people decide whether to maintain romantic relationships?

A. Are we shaped more by biological factors or by environmental factors?

47. Dr. Hernandez is replicating an experiment to see whether people conform in situations like those described by Dr. Brown in a previously published study. This is an example that seeks to explore which important social psychological question? A. Is science the best way to learn about social behavior? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. How do humans think? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

A. Is science the best way to learn about social behavior?

54. Which statement about applying social psychological topics to your own life is true? A. It makes the topics easier to remember. B. It works for interesting topics but is less effective for topics that are uninteresting. C. It requires much effort. D. It can lead to biased ways of thinking about a topic.

A. It makes the topics easier to remember.

41. A researcher is conducting a study on factors that persuade individuals to support feminism. Which important question of social psychology does this study best address? A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. Why do humans live in groups? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist?

42. A study shows a group of students a series of images that contain either positive or negative portrayals of Korean immigrants in U.S. society. Afterward, the students are given surveys that gauge their beliefs on attributes of Korean American immigrants. Which important social psychological question does this study explore? A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. How do humans think? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist?

51. The replication crisis would be less of a problem in social psychology if ______. A. a particular finding was consistently observed by several researchers before being published B. researchers posed hypotheses that were easier to test by others C. publishers focused primarily on presenting new and interesting research findings D. more researchers from diverse backgrounds were encouraged to publish original research

A. a particular finding was consistently observed by several researchers before being published

28. Social psychologists value diversity because ______. A. a wider range of perspectives aimed at solving social problems is included B. multiple applications of basic research findings can be revealed C. research that is biased toward specific groups is avoided D. the number of people who pursue careers in social psychology can be increased

A. a wider range of perspectives aimed at solving social problems is included

55. Considering how you might have responded as a participant of a certain social psychological experiment is an example of ______. A. applying concepts of social psychology to your own life B. furthering social psychological thought on a concept C. understanding the subcomponents of a social psychological concept D. isolating causal variables of a social psychological concept

A. applying concepts of social psychology to your own life

57. Which action best exemplifies how you might apply social psychology to your own life? A. creating and testing a hypothesis about a topic that interests you B. answering survey questions that experiment participants answered C. determining how your scores on a self-report scale are different from other's in your class D. analyzing your opinions with healthy skepticism

A. creating and testing a hypothesis about a topic that interests you

5. Define and provide an example of a false dichotomy.

Ans: A false dichotomy is a situation presented as two opposing and mutually exclusive options when there may really be additional options or a compromise. An example of this is the nature or nurture dichotomy. One might assume that a behavior (such as aggression) is due to biology and genetics (nature) or to the environment and experience (nurture), but not both. Most scholars believe that these two forces are not mutually exclusive but rather interact in almost every aspect of human behavior. That is, a genetic predisposition to repond aggressively is made worse when placed in an environment that rewards aggressive behavior.

3. What is action research?

Ans: Action research was first developed by Kurt Lewin, who envisioned that psychology should apply scientific principles to social problem solving. For example, understanding how social situations cause people to behave in ways that are contrary to their deeply held beliefs.

4. Explain how being in groups can both help and hinder individuals.

Ans: Being in groups can both help and hinder individuals in the follofing ways. Humans are social creatures. Being in groups socializes prosocial behaviors, helps people find mates, and protects the individual from potential threats that can come from outside the group, such as those from rival group members. Groups also provide rewards and punishments. Engaging in behavior that is beneficial to the group is often rewarded, such as receiving praise for helping fellow group members. However, violating a group norm often leads to punishment, such as being shunned for hoarding resources that are shared by the group. In contrast, being in groups can produce problematic behavior. For example, when people feel anonymous in a crowd, they might engage in behaviors such as rioting and looting because they do not feel that they are individually accountable for their actions. In addition, groups often make risky decisions, particularly if there is strong group pressure to conform to group norms. For example, people may be reluctant to share dissenting views if such views deviate from perceived peer pressure, ultimately leading to a poor group decision.

9. Define critical thinking, and describe how it can help you learn and remember social psychological concepts.

Ans: Critical thinking is the ability to analyze, apply, and explore ideas in new and openminded ways. Learning and retention of social psychological concepts depends on how deeply the information is processed and how engaged one is with the material. One way to accomplish this is to critically analyze one's opinions after reading about a topic rather than simply accepting what one reads.

4. List and explain two ways diversity can be incorporated into social psychology research.

Ans: Diversity can be incorporated into social psychology research by including more scholars and research participants that come from diverse backgrounds. Scholars and participants from diverse backgrounds can provide insight into research topics and research findings that might otherwise be missed by scholars and research participants that lack diversity. Diversity can also be incorporated by investigating research questions that are directly linked to diverse groups (e.g., stereotypes, prejudice, discrimination, identity) and by research that examines how people from diverse backgrounds perceive themselves and how they are perceived by others (e.g., how social perceptions are affected by the intersection of race, gender, religious affiliation, age).

6. What are interactions in the field of social psychology? How do they relate to Lewin's equation?

Ans: Interactions in social psychology reflect the combination of several influences on an outome, such as how one's behavior is affected by both nature and nurture. Lewin's equation assumes that behavior (B) is a function of two factors: those related to the person (P), such as personality, and the immediate environment (E).

8. Describe two things that can be done to address the replication crisis in social psychological research.

Ans: One thing that can be done is to reward and encourage researchers to carry out studies that attempt to replicate the findings from previously published studies. Most studies that get published are not replicated by other researchers and are at risk of presenting false positive results. Another thing that can be done is to make the raw data from original studies available to the public. This can enable other scholars to examine the data for accuracy and evaluate the conclusions that were drawn from the data.

5. Provide three examples of how you can apply social psychology concepts to your own life and experiences. Explain how these examples will help you as you study social psychology.

Ans: Research has demonstrated that information is more likely to be remembered if it is processed deeply in a meaningful way than when it is processed in a shallow and superficial way. Applying social psychology concepts to one's own life experiences enables the learner to engage the material more deeply than simply reading or rehearsing it. Three ways to do this include identifying topics that are personally interesting, using self-report scales to learn about oneself, and to use critical thinking to evaluate information. Identifying topics that are personally interesting helps the learner relate the material to one's personal experiences. People can use their imagination to think about how they would behave in various social situations, or how they would respond if they were a research participant. Completing self-report scales helps the learner better understand the subcomponents that make up a social psychological concept. It also enables the student to compare their scores with those of others. Critical thinking enables the learner to analyze, apply, and explore topics in new and open-minded ways. One way to do this is to examine how one's ideas and beliefs relate to the topics and research findings that are presented.

2. How did the world wars influence social psychology? A. They created a greater need for laboratory research. B. They inspired the topics that were chosen for study. C. They produced better technologies for studying social interactions. D. They made it more difficult to carry out ethical research.

B. They inspired the topics that were chosen for study.

58. While reading about stereotypes, you take a moment to consider ways you may have stereotyped someone. This is an example of how you might ______. A. eliminate the use of stereotypes B. apply social psychological topics to your own life C. further social psychological thought on a particular topic D. use self-report scales to compare yourself to others

B. apply social psychological topics to your own life

52. Many topics and concepts become more interesting when you ______. A. critically analyze the topic or concept B. apply the topic or concept to yourself C. try to disprove the topic concept D. examine the concept using scientific principles

B. apply the topic or concept to yourself

3. Exploring social psychological concepts is a popular topic in literature and movies. Choose an example of a piece of media (book, movie, play, television show) that explores one important social psychological question. Explain how your chosen piece of media exemplifies this question.

Ans: Responses to this question will vary depending on the example chosen. An example that comes to mind is the movie Trading Places, which explores the question of whether behavior is shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture"). In this movie, one of the main characters is a wealthy, White male who works for a commodity exchange company. The other main character is a homeless African American male. During the movie, the wealthy man is made homeless and the homeless man is made wealthy by a cruel experiment perpetrated by two brothers who are in charge of the commodity exchange firm. The goal was to see whether making the wealthy man homeless would cause him to engage in criminal behavior, and to see whether making the homeless man wealthy would make him a productive member of the company. As it turned out, when the wealthy man was made homeless, he eventually engaged in criminal behavior. Although the movie is a comedy, it illustrated how environmental factors (e.g., being homeless or living in a mansion) were set against biological factors (e.g., being white, or African American).

2. Explain why social psychologists are interested in examining topics such as prejudice, aggression, and helping.

Ans: Social psychologists are interested in these topics and others like them for two reasons. First, social psychologists are interested in understanding how people influence the thougths, feelings, and behaviors of others. For example, why do some people respond with aggression when they are provoked? Another reason is to use the tools of science to solve social problems. For example, how can we prevent people from responding with aggression when they are provoked?

1. Explain the main difference between sociology and social psychology.

Ans: Sociology studies human society and social behavior at the group level, primarily through the use of surveys and analyses of demographic data. Social psychology is the scientific study of how people influence each other's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Its focus is on everyday people in individual or group settings and is primarily studied using controlled experiments and observations of behavior.

2. Compare how the methods of research and focus of social psychology differs from the academic fields of sociology, anthropology, and clinical psychology.

Ans: The field of social psychology uses controlled experiments and observational studies to investigate the behavior of people in individual or groups settings. Social psychological research focuses on three content areas: social thinking, social influence, and social behavior. Sociology and anthropology also examine these, but the focus of study is directed to larger groups of people. Sociologists use surveys and demographic analyses of data to learn about group-level behaviors and social expectations. Anthropologists use detailed observations of people in a given culture that are taken from a discrete group over time. On the other hand, clinical psychology focuses on individuals who have problematic thoughts or behaviors using interviews and psychological tests.

10. What are two benefits to using self-report scales when studying new concepts in social psychology?

Ans: Two benefits to using self-report scales when studying new concepts is that it enables the student to clarify the concepts that the self-report scale are designed to measure, which also increases one's ability to learn and remember the concept being studied. It also enables the student to learn about themselves by comparing their score to the scores of others.

1. Compare and contrast the contributions of Wilhelm Wundt and Kurt Lewin to the field of social psychology. In what way were their contributions similar and in what ways were they different?

Ans: Wilhelm Wunt, who is considered by historians to be the "father of psychology," established the first laboratory to scientifically study human thought and experience in Leipzig, Germany, around 150 years ago. Kurt Lewin, who is considered to be the "father of social psychology," was the first to develop action research, which uses scientific principles to investigate social problems. Both Wundt and Lewin were pioneers in the use of the scientific method to investigate psychological questions, but they differed with regard to the areas in which they chose to investigate. They also differed in their approach to teaching and learning. Wundt was primarily interested in investigating basic thought processes pertaining to sensory perception and memory. On the other hand, Lewin was interested in investigating how behavior is a function of the person (P) and the immediate environment (E). Unlike Wundt and other psychologists of the time, Lewin welcomed diverse viewpoints and often became deeply engaged in conversations with students and colleagues to the point that he would easily become distracted by them.

50. A researcher conducted a study that followed the same procedure that a previously published study did in order to see whether similar results would be obtained. Which of the following describes what the researcher is doing? A. challenging the conclusions drawn from the previously published study B. attempting to replicate the previously published study C. applying the findings from the previously published study to new areas D. carrying out action research

B. attempting to replicate the previously published study

63. What describes the ability to analyze and explore new ideas in an open-minded way? A. positive psychology B. critical thinking C. falsification D. interaction

B. critical thinking

30. Which term refers to biological or physiological influences on our thoughts and behaviors? A. nurture B. nature C. interaction D. cognition

B. nature

46. Which example represents a false positive? A. reporting results that show only the "good" qualities of human nature B. reporting results showing that an effect exists when it really doesn't C. reporting results that apply to one group of people but not to another D. reporting results indicating that an effect doesn't exist when it really doesn't

B. reporting results showing that an effect exists when it really doesn't

8. A social psychologist whose primary area of interest is conformity and prejudice is focused on which aspect of social psychology? A. social thinking B. social influence C. social behavior

B. social influence

1. Which field of scientific study examines how people influence each other? A. sociology B. social psychology C. anthropology D. clinical psychology

B. social psychology

44. A researcher conducted a study that was identical to a previously published study but failed to find similar results. This is an example of ______ in social psychology. A. a false positive B. the replication crisis C. an interaction D. action research

B. the replication crisis

43. A false positive is also called a(n) ______. A. failure to replicate B. type I error C. negative finding D. interaction

B. type I error

61. Examining the self-report scales used to study a concept will help you ______. A. demonstrate how to form an experiment on the concept B. understand the the underlying components of a concept C. further social psychological thought on the concept D. determine whether nature or nurture plays a bigger role with regard to the concept

B. understand the the underlying components of a concept

20. Social psychology is different from clinical psychology because clinical psychology primarily focuses on the ______. A. influence of groups on the individual B. unhealthy patterns of abnormal behavior C. culture of the individual D. strength and virtues of humans

B. unhealthy patterns of abnormal behavior

18. A researcher is using observational methods to understand how a particular culture's views of appropriate grieving behaviors have changed during the last 30 years. With which discipline is the researcher likely associated? A. sociology B. social psychology C. anthropology D. clinical psychology

C. anthropology

5. Which discipline seeks to understand discrete groups of people by making detailed observations over time? A. positive psychology B. clinical psychology C. anthropology D. sociology

C. anthropology

65. After learning about a new social psychology concept, Lorraina takes a moment to analyze and apply the concept to a different situation. She tries to keep an open mind and apply the concept using the scientific method. How is Lorraina attempting to apply social psychology to her own life and experiences? A. by using self-report scales B. by employing falsification C. by using critical thinking D. by eliminating her own bias

C. by using critical thinking

45. One way to remedy the replication crisis is to ______. A. publish results from studies that are original and new B. expose researchers who falsify results C. conduct more research that attempts to repeat findings from previous studies D. decrease the number of original studies that are conducted

C. conduct more research that attempts to repeat findings from previous studies

36. A study examines whether being anonymous is related to the severity of punishment one delivers. What important question of social psychology does this study seek to explore? A. Why do stereotypes and prejudices exist and persist? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. How do humans think? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

69. You form an opinion on why people choose to maintain romantic relationships after reading a researcher's analysis of the topic following an experiment. Then, you take a moment to analyze the validity of your own opinion and explore other reasons why people maintain romantic relationships. This exercise will help you ______. A. learn about how other people might interpret the researcher's experiment B. develop skepticism about experiments on why people maintain romantic relationships C. create a deeper understanding of why people maintain romantic relationships D. learn the subcomponents of why people maintain romantic relationships with others.

C. create a deeper understanding of why people maintain romantic relationships

67. After reading about social thinking, you attempt to apply it to how you interpret other people's behavior. This is an example of ______. A. positive psychology B. a false dichotomy C. critical thinking D. an interaction

C. critical thinking

26. Making sure that researchers come from different backgrounds is a way to help advance ______ in social psychology. A. cooperation B. empathy C. diversity D. creativity

C. diversity

29. Which term describes the combination of several influences on an outcome? A. behaviors B. personalities C. interactions D. environments

C. interactions

27. The idea that people are perceived and treated by others based on combinations of their ethnicity, religion, gender, and so forth, is a key feature of ______. A. the nature versus nurture debate B. action research C. intersectionality theory D. stereotype threat

C. intersectionality theory

25. Lewin's equation shows that which two factors influence individual behaviors? A. potential response and aggressive tendency B. prejudice and prosocial behavior C. personality and environment D. peer influence and risk-taking behaviors

C. personality and environment

13. Which research topic is part of the content domain of social thinking in social psychology? A. aggression B. stereotypes C. self-perception D. obedience

C. self-perception

37. In a social psychological study, a group of students are left in a classroom during an exam and observed to determine whether they will choose to cheat. Which important question of social psychology does this study seek to explore? A. Is science the best way to learn about social behavior? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. How do humans think? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

38. Which important question of social psychology would be of interest to a positive psychologist? A. Is science the best way to learn about social behavior? B. Is behavior shaped more by biological factors ("nature") or by environmental factors ("nurture")? C. How do humans think? D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

D. How can we explain why good people do bad things--and vice versa?

70. You form an opinion on why prejudice and stereotypes exist and persist over time after reading a chapter from your textbook. Then, you take a moment to analyze the validity of your own opinion and explore other reasons why prejudice and stereotypes exist and persist. What does this exemplify? A. an interaction with your own opinion B. social influence on your opinion C. falsification of your opinion D. a critical analysis of your own opinion

D. a critical analysis of your own opinion

48. As a part of your research, you would like to determine whether a particular finding that was previously reported in a scientific journal would occur in your study. Which research strategy would be the best to use? A. action research B. a study that is derived from intersectionality theory C. archival research D. a replication study

D. a replication study

23. Which term describes the application of scientific principles to social problem solving? A. anthropology B. sociology C. observational research D. action research

D. action research

56. What makes understanding theoretical concepts easier to remember? A. attempting to prove they are false B. analyzing them with scientific principles C. identifying ways in which the concepts may contain bias D. applying them to your own life

D. applying them to your own life

17. A researcher is studying the best treatment methods to help patients who have troubling thoughts and behaviors. With which discipline is the researcher most likely associated? A. sociology B. social psychology C. anthropology D. clinical psychology

D. clinical psychology

12. Which of the following is the best example of a topic that would be studied by a Sociologist? A. documenting how tribal rituals have changed within a culture over the past 50 years B. examining how anxiety is related to parental attachment C. studying how being "lost in a crowd" causes people to behave aggressively D. exploring differences in how members of street gangs define deviant behavior

D. exploring differences in how members of street gangs define deviant behavior

21. Kurt Lewin, the "father of social psychology," was known for ______. A. applying the scientific method to the study of human thought B. sharing his theories on the influence of childhood experiences on adult personality C. asking questions about personality and individual perceptions of the world D. listening carefully and honoring the perceptions of others

D. listening carefully and honoring the perceptions of others

59. Comparing your own scores on a self-report scale to the scores of others in your class contributes to which of the following? A. false dichotomy B. positive psychology C. false positives D. self-knowledge

D. self-knowledge

11. The replication crisis concerns social psychologists when researchers find similar results as those that were found in previously published studies. True False

False

13. Creating your own hypothesis on a topic is a way to better understand a concept's subcomponents. True False

False

15. A component of critical thinking is seeking information that supports your assumptions. True False

False

3. Wilhelm Wundt is most known for his controversial theories about how hidden thoughts come out in dreams. True False

False

4. The content domain of social thinking examines topics such as helping, aggression, and romantic relationships. True False

False

5. Social psychologists and sociologists use the same approaches to study different topics. True False

False

7. The concept of "nature" assumes that experience and environmental factors affect behavior. True False

False