Sociology ch 14 Educational Groups and Systems
Berg's "great training robbery" refers to which of the following? - the fact that schools are overly expensive for the amount of training offered - the low return on investments in education for the disadvantaged - upper-class students' taking jobs usually held by lower-class students - the extensive educational teacher-training programs
the low return on investments in education for the disadvantaged
"ABC" programs are pre-school initiates for children of the poor
False
"Christian schools" of the past two decades are the first to emphasize Christian tradition
False
A hidden curriculum justifies giving higher-status jobs to the children of the poor
False
Age segregation is a manifest educational function in the US
False
Compulsory public schooling was universally accepted from its inception
False
Creditialism is the practice of requiring degrees for only those jobs in which the additional instruction is critical to job performance
False
Harvard College was the first institution of higher learning that admitted and accepted both female and male students
False
Harvard University selects students on the basis of intelligence and achievement alone
False
Most professionals agree that IQ tests measure innate intelligence
False
Most students in the US public schools are taught to analyze both the strengths and weaknesses of the social systems
False
Preparatory schools were first founded in the middle 1900s in the US
False
Prolonged adolescence is a unique feature of pre-industrial societies
False
The National Commission of Education noted that public schools have an educational advantage over parochial schools
False
The early Puritans in the US established learning centers
False
The majority of faculty in colleges and universities are now white females
False
The mayors in their respective cities appoint most school boards in the US
False
In analyzing education and mobility, which of the following is true? - Family background is more closely related to occupation than is level of education - There will never be an excess of college grads in the US - Today, few blue-collar jobs require high school education - For the disadvantaged, increased education translates into increased earning power
Family background is more closely related to occupation than is level of education
Conflict theorists contend that school systems are controlled by ___ - parents - school superintendents - the elite - politicians
the elite
Which of the following is true of compulsory US public education? - It helped immigrant children assimilate into the mainstream culture - It was developed during the 18th and 19th centuries - It met with resistance from a variety of groups - All of the above
All of the above
The Puritan educational system was based on which of the following beliefs? - Children were possessed by the devil, and needed religious training to overcome their evil nature - Children were innocent and needed protection from the adult realm of sin and worldliness - Children were controlled by instincts and biological drives and needed social instruction - Children were innately good and needed to experience prolonged adolescence
Children were possessed by the devil, and needed religious training to overcome their evil nature
The system of educational advancement found in the US
Contest mobility
___ is the system in which students must pass a qualifying exam to gain admittance to different types of high school sad colleges - Banning - Contest mobility - Mass expulsion - Sponsored mobility
Contest mobility
A manifest function of education
Creating new knowledge
Requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed
Credentialism
___ is the practice or requiring degrees for most high paying jobs, even when the degreess do not necessarily signify skills necessary to do the jobs - Overeducation - Credentialism - Undereducation - Elitism
Credentialism
___ ___ and others conducted a series of studies comparing the facilities of schools in black and white neighborhoods
James Coleman
Sponsored mobility in education is found where? - Japan and most European countries - Thailand - most countries south of the equator - the US
Japan and most European countries
Schools with special programs designed to attract exceptional students
Magnet schools
Schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public
Parochial schools
A latent function of education
Prolonged adolescence
That students in US schools are rarely taught about the great philosophers who have criticized the US economic and political systems is evidence of the following? - Little is known about these subjects - Schools teach the values of the existing culture - Teachers are poorly trained and inadequately educated - The philosophers are wrong in their analysis
Schools teach the values of the existing culture
A system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools
Sponsored mobility
Magnet schools are those that do which of the following? - They attract exceptional students - They are run by parent-controlled local school councils - They draw financial support from children with vouchers - They are run by selected universities
They attract exceptional students
Conflict theorists believe that the group in power in order to legitimate their position runs the educational system
True
In segregated school systems, students learn their place in the stratification system
True
One function of compulsory public education has been to Americanize immigrant children
True
Parochial schools are the most common private schools in the US
True
Structural functionalists recognize the family as an important agency of education
True
The US federal government passes many educational laws that supersede the laws of the local school boards
True
The University of Georgia is the oldest public university in the US
True
The most obvious teaching in school is the teaching of skills
True
To decentralize the bureaucracy means to put more decision-making processes in the local schools rather than in school boards
True
Giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition
Voucher
According to conflict theorists, the American educational system perpetuates inequality by doing which of the following? - encouraging conformity to elitist customs and values - selectively teaching certain topics and excluding others - implementing the hidden curriculum - all of the above
all of the above
Stratification in the US school system in evident in which of the following? - the composition of school boards - the gender of elementary school teachers - the gender of school administrators - all of the above
all of the above
Public-funded education that is mandatory for all children until a certain age is known as ___ ___ ___
compulsory public education
Which theory argues that education is a means by which the elite maintain their social position? - functionalism - exchange theory - conflict theory - symbolic interaction
conflict theory
Which of the following is not a latent function of education? - age segregation - baby-sitting service for parents - prolonging adolescence - creating new knowledge
creating new knowledge
The practice of requiring degrees for jobs, whether or not the degrees actually teach necessary skills to complete the job, is ___
credentialism
Berg calls the low return on educational investment the ___ ___ ___
great training robbery
Teaching values and norms necessary for maintaining the stratification system is part of the ___ - hidden curriculum - elite norms - upper-class indoctrination - functional theory of education
hidden curriculum
The first college in the US was founded to educate ___
ministers
Harvard College was founded in 1636 to educate which of the following groups? - sociologists, with an emphasis on explaining society - architects, with an emphasis on designing buildings - physicians, with an emphasis on preventive medicine - minsters, with an emphasis on morals and ethics
ministers, with an emphasis on morals and ethics
The latent functions of education include which of the following? - prolonging adolescence - the creation and transmission of new knowledge - the teaching of skills such as writing and reading - selection of the most talented for advanced training and the professions
prolonging adolescence
Which of the following is not a manifest function of educational institutions? - teaching skills - transmitting new ideas and skills - selecting and developing talented individuals - creating new knowledge
selecting and developing talented indivudals
The British have long had which form of educational system? - compulsory public education system - sponsored mobility system of education - contest mobility system of education - all of the above are characteristics of the British educational system
sponsored mobility system of education
Coleman concluded that differences in achievement were related to differences in ___ - students' socioeconomic backgrounds - quality of textbooks - school facilities - quality of school administration
students' socioeconomic backgrounds