Sociology chapter 1,2,3,4

Angela, a U.S. citizen, was working in Argentina when she met and married Marcos, an Argentinian. When Angela's job was transferred back to the United States, Marcos was able to immigrate because of the a. 1924 Immigration Act .b. 1965 amendments to the Immigration and Nationality Act. c. 2002 Homeland Security Act. d. 2012 Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals Act.

.b. 1965 amendments to the Immigration and Nationality Act.

José and Maria came to the United States from Mexico with their parents. They quickly learned English, but their parents struggle with it and want to continue to speak Spanish at home to maintain their culture. This is an example of A. generational continuity. B. dissonant acculturation. C. consonant acculturation. d. assimilation.

B. dissonant acculturation.

The demographic perspective in family studies focuses most on ... a. economics in family life. B. family and household structures. c. politics in family life. d. psychological stressors among family members.

B. family and household structures.

Octavia's parents are professionals, as are her parents' siblings and most of their friends. They are able to draw on their social networks to help Octavia achieve her goals. This is an example of a. Bourdieu's social capital. b.Marx's conflict theory. c. Weber's iron cage. d. Durkheim's division of labor.

a. Bourdieu's social capital.

Why does the textbook author attribute the rise in women's autonomy to the American Revolution? a. The leaders of the American Revolution espoused the virtue of autonomy, which women began to embrace for themselves. B. Women had to independently raise families during the American Revolution, and they felt a renewed sense of autonomy in response. c. The industrial revolution, which coincided with the end of the American Revolution, prompted greater autonomy among women. d. Women took part in the American Revolution and felt this loyalty and service deserved greater autonomy. 67

a. The leaders of the American Revolution espoused the virtue of autonomy, which women began to embrace for themselves.

A researcher is studying family interactions. She notices a common practice and asks, "What is the function of this practice? What good is it doing that permits it to survive?" The researcher is engaging with what perspective a. consensus b. conflict c. exchanged. d.symbolic interaction

a. consensus

Jews share a common cultural identification that includes a combination of language, religion, ancestral origin, and traditional practices. According to your textbook, Jews are most accurately described as a(n) ________. a. ethnic group b. race c. nationality d. endogamy

a. ethnic group

Which theory sees people as individuals entering into mutual relationships to maximize their own gains? a. exchange theory b. feminist theory c. conflict theory d. symbolic interaction theory

a. exchange theory

Catalina, a Latina immigrant, set aside her dreams of continuing her education in order to work and send money to her family in her country of origin. This is an example of the cultural trait of a. familism. b. matriarchy. c. tradition. d. assimilation.

a. familism.

What demonstrates the increased likelihood that adults will spend more of their lives outside of marriage than in the past?​ a. higher percentages of adults living with no relatives​ b.decline in the divorce rate​ c. younger average age of marriage​ d. decline in single parenthood​

a. higher percentages of adults living with no relatives​

Alyssa was born to a young single mother and grew up in a poor rural area with low- quality schools. According to the sociological concept of life chances, she has a ________ of becoming rich because ________. a. low chance; her practical ability is limited by her circumstances b. high chance; her practical ability is strengthened by her circumstances c. high chance; there are few formal obstacles (laws) to deter her d. low chance; social capital is high

a. low chance; her practical ability is limited by her circumstances

For the purposes of the contemporary U.S. Census, a family ... a. must occupy the same household. b. may occupy several households. c. includes a man and his family. d. includes unmarried partners.

a. must occupy the same household.

The granting of marriage licenses is an example of which institutional arenas interacting? a. state and family B. state and market c. family and market d. religion and family

a. state and family

In her research on social class and parenting, Annette Lareau found that poor and working-class parents engaged in a style of parenting she called the accomplishment of natural growth. These parents believed their children's success would be the natural outcome of a childhood spent a.playing informally and hanging out in mixed-age groups of friends and family. b.involved in structured activities with same-age peers. c.questioning authority. d.preparing for college.

a.playing informally and hanging out in mixed-age groups of friends and family.

A young adult who can provide letters of recommendation from respected community leaders who are friends with his parents is often more likely to get a desired position or admission. These outcomes stem from the young adult's a.social capital. b.wealth management. c.equal distribution of goods. d.greater effort than his peers.

a.social capital.

Ibrahim believes that inequality and the struggles it causes are a main factor in driving history forward. What perspective would Ibrahim most likely identify with? a. consensus b. conflict c. structural functionalism d. symbolic interaction

b. conflict

Lin marries someone from his cultural group. Which term best applies to this situation? a. exogamy b. endogamy c. acculturation d. miscegenation

b. endogamy

The Gini index is a a. measure of wealth management. b. measure of inequality. c. measure of the poverty rate. d. measure of social mobility.

b. measure of inequality.

Parents praise their daughter when she does something kind and they complement her when she plays dress up. As she grows older, the girl continues to emulate these qualities, trying to be nice in all circumstances and wanting look like a princess. A feminist theorist might say this is an example of what? a. exchange theory b. socialization c. life course perspective d. genealogy

b. socialization

Ernesto is a Cuban American living near Miami in South Florida. Which statement about Ernesto is correct? a.Ernesto's race is Hispanic. b.Ernesto's ethnicity is Cuban. c.Ernesto's ethnicity is Caucasian. d.Ernesto is not a minority because of the large number of Cuban Americans living in South Florida.

b.Ernesto's ethnicity is Cuban.

What contributed to the decline of courtship in the process of mate selection? a.decreasing exposure to urban life for young adults b.increasing freedom for young adults c. growing importance of family ties d. decreasing disposable income for young adults

b.increasing freedom for young adults

During the 1960s and after, ________ increased the independence of middle-class and more educated women, while ________ increased the independence of poor women. a.state forces; b.market forces market forces; state forces c. family stability; family change d.family change; family stability

b.market forces market forces; state forces

Rosa thinks of her mother's best friend, Maria, as her aunt, and Maria treats Rosa as her niece. Rosa and Maria could be labeled a(n) a.legal family. b.personal family. c.nuclear family. d.extended family.

b.personal family

Marriage between Whites and people of other races has been legal in all U.S. states since a.1850. b. 1920. c. 1967. d. 1999.

c. 1967.

José and Maria came to the United States from Mexico with their parents. They quickly learned English, but their parents struggle with it and want to continue to speak Spanish at home to maintain their culture. This is an example of a.generational continuity. b. dissonant acculturation. c. consonant acculturation. d. assimilation.

c. consonant acculturation.

According to conflict theories, who benefits from family structures where women stay home and men work for pay? a. women and children b. children and old people c. men and employers d. women and employers

c. men and employers

Under the ideology of "separate spheres," what were separated? a.work and play​ b. adults at work and children at school​ c. men at work and women at home​ d. marriage and childbearing​

c. men at work and women at home​

One reason we know race is socially constructed and not a biological given is ________. a. racial categories do not vary from one culture to another b. if we line up all humans by skin color, race aligns with existing racial categories c. racial categories have changed over timed. d.people tend to agree on other people's racial identities

c. racial categories have changed over timed.

Rose is often told she "looks Latina," and, in fact, her grandparents came to the United States from Mexico. This is an example of a. immigration. b. endogamy. c. racial ethnicity. d. assimilation

c. racial ethnicity

Functionalist theories argue that since social inequality exists in all societies, it a.must be eliminated. b. is harmful. c.serves an essential purpose. d. prevents exploitation.

c.serves an essential purpose. .

The fact that American Indians, Latinos, and African Americans are about three times more likely to be poor than Whites is evidence of a. cultural deficiency. b.the poverty line. c.the concentration of poverty by race/ethnicity. d.equitable distribution of wealth.

c.the concentration of poverty by race/ethnicity.

According to recent feminist family theorists, which statement is true? a. Family types are biologically determined and rarely change. b. What's good for some women is good for all women. c.Men and women have very similar experiences of family life. d. Family types are socially constructed.

d. Family types are socially constructed.

James and Natasha identify as African American. Reflecting a dominant pattern for African Americans, they have children together and are not married. Sociologists might explain their family structure as reflecting ________. a. a counterculture b. race c. family traditions from Africa d. a response to social and economic challenges

d. a response to social and economic challenges

Beth takes piano lessons, plays on a youth soccer team, attends after-school tutoring, and goes to science camp. Beth's college-educated professional parents engage in a style of parenting called a.helicopter parenting. b.accomplishment of natural growth. c. conformity. d. concerted cultivation.

d. concerted cultivation.

In colonial America, Christian doctrine supported the legal concept of coverture, and wives a. had to cover their heads in public.​ b. had full rights to citizenship.​ c. had the right to their husbands' property.​ d. did not have a legal existence but rather were incorporated into their husbands' citizenship.​

d. did not have a legal existence but rather were incorporated into their husbands' citizenship.​

In colonial America, Christian doctrine supported the legal concept of coverture, and wives ________. a.had to cover their heads in public b. had full rights to citizenship c.had the right to their husbands' property d. did not have a legal existence, but were incorporated into their husbands' citizenship

d. did not have a legal existence, but were incorporated into their husbands' citizenship

According to the textbook, the decline of the name Mary in the United States represents the rising trend of what attitude?​ a. conformity ​b. atheism​ c. Islam​ d. individualism

d. individualism​

When they were instituted in the early twentieth century, programs like Social Security and Aid to Dependent Children promoted marriage by a. giving support to never-married women.​ b. providing benefits only to veterans.​ c. reducing economic incentives.​d. making women who had never been married or divorced ineligible.​

d. making women who had never been married or divorced ineligible.​

Today's cities are changing to meet increases in the number of ________ and ________ living in urban environments. a. young married couples; older adults b. married parents; older adults. c. young single women; nuclear families d. young single women; older adults

d. young single women; older adults

Which of the following statements is associated with conflict perspective? a. More difficult jobs come with greater rewards, thus creating an incentive for individuals to train and work hard to obtain those rewards. b. Individuals cannot easily be sorted into social classes based on their capital. c.Inequality serves an important societal function. d.Inequality is the result of a process in which the workers' labor produces wealth for owners

d.Inequality is the result of a process in which the workers' labor produces wealth for owners.

Kai and his family live in a small town in Minnesota, and Amelia and her family live in Boston. According to the federal poverty line, both families are poor. However, the poverty line ________, making things even more difficult for Amelia's family in such an expensive city. a. does not consider family size b.is based on housing costs c. includes only key government benefits d.does not consider geographical differences in cost of living

d.does not consider geographical differences in cost of living