Sociology Chapter 7

The Greensboro sit-ins illustrate which of the following?

Deviant activity can have both positive and negative effects on a society.

Which of the following would reflect the interactionist perspective?

Those who live in Vinetown have learned deviant behavior from watching others in the neighborhood.

Which theory focuses on the role of socialization in deviance, proposing that people learn deviant behavior from the people they spend time with?

differential association theory

Which of the following would show the functionalist perspective? The arrest of Susan B. Anthony

reinforced the social norms of the time.

Conflict theorists view the death penalty in the United States as

reinforcing the persistence of inequality and racial discrimination in society.

According to the bar graph, from 1991 to 2012, between 36 and 43 percent of college students report that they engaged in "binge drinking." This suggests that binge drinking is not rare and may in fact be somewhat normal among college students. Why might it be considered "deviant" from a sociological perspective?

All of the answers are correct.

Which of these two men committed a crime?

Both Dr. McDonald and Randy

Given the scenario, and following the text's explanation of stigma, which of the following is the MOST LIKELY result?

Jane receives the job offer.

Which of the following types of hate crimes represents the largest percentage reported by the FBI for 2013?

Race

According to the text, if both men were to be convicted, which person's reputation would be the more damaged?

Randy's

If U.S. federal law considers unauthorized immigration to be a misdemeanor violation rather than a criminal offense, is this still an example of deviance?

Yes, a misdemeanor violation is a type of deviance.

Can a tattoo be both conforming and deviant simultaneously?

Yes, the same behavior can be deviant in one setting, while non-deviant in another.

From a functionalist perspective, the death penalty in the United States is viewed as

both functional and dysfunctional for society.

From a _________ perspective, the finance industry discriminates against job applicants with visible tattoos, even though they may be culturally significant for Ahuru's Maori background.

conflict

Sociologist Richard Quinney emphasizes that lawmaking is often an attempt by the powerful to coerce others into their own morality. This reflects which perspective?

conflict

Which of the following perspectives would concern themselves with the differential treatment of those convicted of white-collar crimes and of street crimes?

conflict

If Terrence decides to get the tattoo, disregarding school rules, risking being expelled, this is an example of ___________, a term Stanley Milgram used to refer to going along with peers—individuals of our own status who have no special right to direct our behavior.

conformity

Which of the following are considered victimless crimes?

crimes regarding illegal goods and services that involve supposedly willing participants

The term social control refers to the techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society. The peer pressure Lilly experiences from her sorority sisters is a type of social control. If she decides to skip the tattoo, she will be considered deviant within that sorority peer group, yet she will remain in compliance with her family's expectations. Both the sorority and the family's rules create pressure for Lilly to conform to _________ norms.

informal

Following Merton's theory of deviance, which of the following would apply to the elite criminals of Anytown? They are participating in

innovation.

Amy's view is an example of the _______ perspective because it examines the shifting definition of deviance related to binge drinking in college daily life.

interactionist

The ________ perspective would view sorority members' group tattooing as a symbol of their bond as sorority sisters.

interactionist

Jorge and Lucy have views that use _________ approaches because they both are primarily concerned with broad societal patterns of behavior related to the educational institution, rather than individual interactions.

macro-level

Which of the following is not a form of informal social control?

traffic ticket

Anthony's arrest for voting in the 1872 presidential election showed which of the following? An attempt to

uphold the social norms of the society.

Which of the following is TRUE of the students at State University? They

used deviance to challenge the administration's authority.

Maori facial tattoos are a sign of bonding in this New Zealand culture, yet the same tattoos are considered deviant in the world of business finance. This discrepancy in norms is an indication of the _______ of deviance.

social construction

Which theory argues that deviance and crime are associated with the breakdown of social institutions, such as the family, schools, and local government?

social disorganization theory

Which theory focuses on why certain people are viewed as deviant, while others engaging in the same behavior are not viewed as deviant?

labeling theory

A _______ perspective would examine the role of binge drinking among women and how alcohol corporations exploit women's desire to be attractive, but also how it places them at risk of being taken advantage of after excessive consumption.

feminist

Many college students are under the legal drinking age. And yet many college students engage in binge drinking. Underage drinkers could face tickets, fines, and other serious sanctions from their schools and law enforcement authorities if caught. Sanctions such as tickets and fines from officials of the law constitute

formal social controls.

Researchers have found that differential justice puts African Americans and Latinos at a disadvantage in the justice system, both as juveniles and adults. This statement best fits which perspective?

conflict theory

__________ maintain that people must respect social norms if any group or society is to survive. From this perspective, in Lilly's situation, the sorority's members tight bonds could not function to maintain the group's stability and existence if most of the sorority sisters defied the expectations for appropriate sorority conduct.

Functionalist theorists

If Jeff does not receive the job offer, we would assume that the employer did which of the following?

Reinforced the social norm that those with mental illness are not as valuable as those without it.

Which statement offers the best rationale for why Rosalee's view is an application of the interactionist perspective?

Rosalee is concerned about the real-world impact of immigration laws and subsequent labeling as deviant on individual lives, families, and communities.

Which of the following would be TRUE under the functionalist perspective?

The enforcement of sanctions against the latecomers showed the other students that norm violation was unacceptable.

Which of the following reflects the conflict perspective's view of the State University class boycott?

The students have less power and will be viewed as deviant.

Which of the following is TRUE about the deviant acts committed by the students in Greensboro?

The students used deviance as a method to protest laws they found unjust.

Who has deviated from the norm in this scenario?

The students who were late to class.

Based on the information in the scenario just presented, how would you classify the 235,000 bodily injuries caused by the A. H. Robins Company?

White-collar crime

If Terrence instead decides not to get the gang tattoo, but rather to obey the rules of the authorities in his high school, prohibiting gang symbols, his decision is an example of ___________.

obedience

According to control theory,

our social connections are a powerful force, persuading us to conform to society's norms from an early age.

Social norms attempting to prevent deviant behavior are enforced through the use of sanctions. While the risk of being expelled from school is an example of a negative sanction or ______, if Terrence obeys the school's no-tattoo rule, his ability to remain in school and graduate with a high GPA, is actually an example of a positive sanction or _____.

punishment; reward

Which area of the nation tends to have had the most executions since 1976?

southern states

Identity theft is an example of which type of crime?

technology-based crime

Professional crime refers to

the pursuit of crime as a day-to-day occupation, involving skilled techniques and the enjoyment of a certain degree of status among other criminals.

What region of the United States has the most states that allow the use of medical marijuana?

western states