Sociology : Chapter 8

Which of the following statements about minority groups are correct?

A minority group is a social group that is systematically denied the same access to power and resources available to society's dominant groups. Membership in a minority group may serve as a kind of "master status" that overrides any other status, such as gender or age.

biologists came up with a schema that grouped humans into three races: _____________ (black), _____________ (Asian, and _____________ (white)

Negroid / Mongoloid / Caucasoid

DOUBLE-CONSCIOUSNESS is ____________ ____________ term for the ____________ ____________ experienced by ___________ in the United States

W. E. B. Du Bois's / divided identity / blacks

RACE CONSCIOUSNESS is an ideology that ____________ race as a ____________ social ____________ that ____________ our individual and social ____________

acknowledges / powerful / construct / shapes / experiences

CULTURAL ASSIMILATION the process by which racial or ethnic groups are absorbed into the dominant group by ______________ the dominant group's ______________

adopting / culture

CULTURAL APPROPRIATION is the ____________ of ____________ ____________ belonging to an ____________ group by members of the ____________ group, ____________ ____________ and often for the dominant group's ______

adoption / cultural elements / oppressed / dominant / without permission / gain

RACISM is a set of beliefs about the claimed _____________ of one racial or ethnic group; used to _____________ _____________ and often _____________ in the assumption that _____________ among groups are _____________

beliefs / superiority / justify inequality / rooted / differences / genetic

The term "______________" refers to a policy whereby a ______________ nation takes control of a ______________ nation (the "colony") in order to extend the stronger nation's ______________ or to exploit the colony's ______________ for the stronger nation's own ______________

colonialism / stronger / weaker / territory / resources / enrichment

PLURALISM a ___________ ___________ of intergroup relations that ___________ racial and ethnic ___________ and ___________ within a society Example?

cultural pattern / encourages / variation / acceptance The traditional image of the melting pot is exchanged with a "salad bowl" in which all the different ingredients maintain their distinct qualities, even as they are tossed together

GENOCIDE is the _____________ and _____________ _______________ of a racial, ethnic, national, or cultural group

deliberate / systematic extermination

MISCEGENATION romantic, sexual, or marital relationships between people of ___________ _________.

different races

INSTITUTIONAL DISCRIMINATION is the ________________ carried out ________________ by ________________ (political, economic, educational, and others) that affect _____ members of a group who come into ____________ with it

discrimination / systematically / institutions / all / contact

SITUATIONAL ETHNICITY is an ethnic identity that can be either _____________ or _____________ depending on its _____________ in a _________ _____________

displayed / concealed / usefulness / given situation

SYMBOLIC ETHNICITY is an _______ identity that is only _____________ on _____________ _____________ and does not _____________ affect _____________ life Example?

ethnic / relevant / specific occasions / significantly / everyday Irish Americans are normal every other day of the year until St. Patty's Day comes

____________, or the belief that one's own culture and way of life are right and normal

ethnocentrism

POPULATION TRANSFER is the ______________ _______________ of a group of people from the _______________ they have ______________ Example?

forcible removal / territory / occupied Native Americans

PREJUDICE is an ________ about the characteristics of a group that is _____________ to _____ members of that group and is _____________ to change _____________ of the _____________ against it

idea / applied / all / unlikely / change / evidence

EMBODIED IDENTITY are those elements of ___________ that are ___________ through others' ___________ of our ___________ ________

identity / generated / perceptions / physical traits

RACIAL ASSIMILATION the process by which racial minority groups are absorbed into the dominant group through ____________

intermarriage

Which term refers to romantic, sexual, or marital relationships between people of different races?

miscegenation

INDIVIDUAL DISCRIMINATION is the discrimination carried out by ______ ___________ against __________

one person / another

SEGREGATION the ___________ and ___________ separation of groups by ___________ or ___________

physical / legal / race / ethnicity

PASSING is ____________ yourself as a member of a ____________ group than the ____________ group you ____________ to

presenting / different / stigmatized / belong

ASSIMILATION a pattern of ____________ between ethnic or racial groups in which the ____________ group is ____________ into the mainstream or dominant group, making society more ____________ Example?

relations / minority / absorbed / homogenous America's Melting Pot

COLOR-BLIND RACISM is an ideology that ____________ race as an ____________ for any form of ____________ ____________

removes / explanation / unequal treatment

A "split labor market," is where one group of workers is ____________ _________ ________ than those in other groups, keeps wages ______ for __________ and __________ ______________, compounding the effects of racism with those of poverty

routinely paid less / low / racial and ethnic minorities

"micro-aggressions," the _________ - scale _________ _________, _________, and _________________ that play out in everyday _____________ between people Example?

small / racial slights, insults, and misperceptions / interactions "What are you?" & "Where are you REALLY from?"

ETHNICITY is a _____________ _____________ category based on _____________ _____________, _____________, _____________, _____________, or another cultural factor

socially defined / common language, religion, nationality, history

RACE is a _____________ _____________ category based on ________ or _____________ _____________ differences between groups of people

socially defined / real / perceived / biological

INTERNAL COLONIALISM the economic and political ______________ of the ______________ group by the ______________ group within a nation

subjugation / minority / dominant

MINORITY GROUP is a social group that is _____________ ___________ the same access to _____________ and _____________ available to society's _____________ groups though they are not necessarily ___________ in number than the dominant groups

systematically denied / power / resources / dominant / fewer

multiculturalism, is _______________ of racial and ethnic _______________

tolerance / differences

PRIVILEGE is an ____________ ____________ accorded to members of ____________ social groups (____________, ____________, ____________, the ____________ _______, etc.)

unearned advantage / dominant / males, whites, heterosexuals, the physically able

DISCRIMINATION is the _____________ treatment of individuals based on their _____________ in a social group; usually motivated by _____________

unequal / membership / prejudice

As the intimate partners of black men, white women effectively lose some of their _____________—especially in the eyes of their _____________ working-class _____________ and _____________—and become "_____________ _____________."

whiteness / white / friends and family / honorary blacks