Sociology:Chapter 5&6

We voluntarily join _______ when we want to pursue some common interest or gain personal satisfaction or prestige from being a member.

Normative organization

Sean is a member of The Artists, a theater club in his college. Despite perfoming well, his club has lost may theater competitions to Rendezvous, a rival theater club. Sean feels hostile toward the members of Rendezvous. In this context, Rendezvous is an example of a(n)_________

Outgroup

Sociologist Charles H.Cooley used the term ___________ to describe a small, less specialized group in which members engage in face-to-face, emotion-based interactions over an extended periond of time.

Primary Group

A teacher gives students ideas for an assignments but encourages the mto be creative and pick their own subject and format. In this case,the teacher is using a(n)________

Lassiez-faire leadership style

Women with blue eyes, people who wear contact lenses, people over 7 feet tall, and college me who belong to a fraternity are each an example of a(n)________

Category

People do not voluntarily become members of

Coercive organizations

Sociologist refer to the process of maintaining or changing behavior to comply with the orms established by a society, subculture, or other groups as ________.

Conformity

______ is most appropriate when the group is dealing with emotional issues and harmony, solidarity, and high morale are needed.

Expressive leadership

____________provides emotional support for members.

Expressive leadership

______are met by opportunities of self-expression and support form family, friends, and peers.

Expressive needs

A(n)_________ is a highly structured secondary group formed for the purpose of achieving specific goals in the most efficient manner.

Formal organization

________ is the term used to refer to the process by which members of a cohesive group arrive at a decision that many individual memebrs privately believe is unwise.

Groupthink

_________refers to goal-or-task-oriented leadership.

Insturmental leadership

Katy is a member of the literature club in her college,but she neither accepts nor follows the values and norms of the club. She, however, follows the norms and values portrayed by the members of her college sorority because she wants to become a member of the sorority. In this scenario, Katy's college sorority is an example of a(n)_________

Reference Group

Cooley coined the term_____ to refer to a larger, more speciallized group in which the members engage in impersonal, goal-oriented relationships for a limited period of time.

Secondary Group

A(n)__________ is a collection of two or more people who interact frequently with one another, share a sense of belonging, and have a feeling of interdependence.

Social group

Which of the following is a purpose of groups according to classicla functionalist theorists?

To meet the instrumental and expressive needs of groups members

We voluntarily join _________when they can provide us with a material reward we seek.

Utilitarian organization

Who among the following is a member of a utilitarian organization?

Angela,who works as a lawyers at a prestigious law firm and earns $60,000 annually

Students walking to class, shoppers in a department store, and people lined up to buy tickets are examples of

Aggregates

It is possible for a secondary group or an aggreate to become a primary group a)True b)False

a) True

Gender and racial/ethnic inequalities tend to be perpetuated in bureaucracies. a)True b)False

a)True

Goal displacementt occurs when the rules of an organization become more important than achievement of the actula goals. a)True b)False

a)True

Milgram's study provides evidence that obedience to even seemingly unreasonable authority may be more common than most of us would like to believe. a)True b)False

a)True

Peeople voluntarily become members of utilitarian organizations. a)True b)False

a)True

Impersonality and focus on technicla ability within bureaucracies make them restistant to inequality based on race, gender, and class. a)Ture b)False

b)False

In our rapidly changing society, formal organizations continually undergo significant changes in the way they are structured. a)True b)False

b)False

In the context of the functionalist persective on leadership, expressive leadership is task oriented, whereas instrumentral leadership provides emotional support for members. a)True b)False

b)False

In times of crisis,such as a war or natural disaster,democratic leaders are likely to be commended for their decisive actions, whereas authoritarian leaders are likely to be criticized for being dictatorial and for fostering intergroup hostility. a)True b)False

b)False

People will always accept the values of teh groups of which they are members. a)True b)False

b)False

Dyads are different from triads because

the active participation of both members is crucial to the survival of dyads