Soft Tissue/Face and Neck

A 60-year-old male has sustained partial- and full-thickness burns to his anterior chest, head, and both anterior arms. On the basis of the "Rule of Nines," what percentage of his body surface area (BSA) has been burned?

27%

A 4-year-old boy pulled a pot of boiling water from the stovetop. He has superficial and partial-thickness burns to his head, left anterior trunk, and entire left arm. On the basis of the "rule of nines," what percentage of this child's body surface area (BSA) has been burned?

30%

Following blunt trauma to the face, a 21-year-old male complains of a severe headache and decreased ability to move his eyes . This patient's clinical presentation is most consistent with:

A blowout fracture

A 39-year-old male was struck in the head by a baseball during a game. He is confused, has a large hematoma in the center of his forehead , and cannot remember the events preceding the injury. After manually stabilizing his head and assessing his airway, you should:

Administer high-flow oxygen.

What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Allows movement of the head.

A 28-year-old female was the unrestrained driver of a car that struck the rear end of another car while traveling at 35 mph. She is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the anterior chest. During your assessment , you note a large ecchymotic area over the superior aspect of the anterior chest . As your partner assumes manual stabilization of her head, you should :

Apply 100% oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask.

A 17-year-old male was shot in the right anterior chest during an altercation with a gang member. As your partner is applying 100% oxygen, you perform a rapid secondary assessment and find an open chest wound with a small amount of blood bubbling from it You should:

Apply an occlusive dressing to the wound and continue your assessment.

You are dispatched to a convenience store, where the clerk sustained a laceration to the side of his neck during a robbery attempt. During your assessment, you note bright red blood spurting from the laceration. You should:

Apply direct pressure above and below the wound.

The term "hyphema" is defined as:

Blood in the anterior chamber of the eye

You are dispatched to an industrial plant for a worker who was exposed to an unknown chemical . Upon arrival, you find the patient sitting outside of the plant. He has a white , dry powder covering his right arm . Care for this patient's exposure includes :

Brushing the chemical from the patient's arm and then irrigating with water.

A 50-year-old male was splashed in the eyes with radiator fluid when he was working on his car. During your assessment, he tells you that he wears soft contact lenses . You should:

Carefully remove the contact lenses and then irrigate his eyes with saline.

You respond to a domestic dispute, where a middle-aged male was stabbed in the chest by his wife. Your assessment reveals that the patient is pulseless and apneic. The knife is impaled in the center of his chest. You should:

Carefully remove the knife, control the bleeding, and perform CPR.

A 39-year-old female experienced a closed head injuryShe is unconscious with her eyes slightly open; her pupils are bilaterally dilated and to reactaddition to managing problems with airway, breathing, and circulation, you should:

Close her eyes and cover them with a moist dressing.

A 30-year-old male experienced a crushing injury when his arm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock . Upon your arrival, the man's arm has been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale . Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse . You should be MOST concerned that this patient has:

Compartment syndrome

A 30-year-old female presents with redness, inflammation, and pain to her left eye. During your assessment, you note that she is having difficulty keeping her eyes open. You should suspect that she is experiencing:

Conjunctivitis

A 34-year-old male was involved in a motor-vehicle crash. During the crash, his vehicle caught fire. Bystanders removed the patient from his vehicle prior to your arrival. The patient is conscious with adequate breathing. He has partial-thickness burns to his face and neck, and an open femur fracture with severe bleeding. Immediate management for this patient should include:

Controlling the bleeding from his leg

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n):

Contusion

All of the following are characteristic of a closed soft tissue injury, except:

Deformity of a short bone

Bleeding from soft-tissue injuries to the face is most effectively controlled with:

Direct pressure using dry, sterile dressings.

The hallmark sign of compartment syndrome is:

Disproportionate pain

What term is used to describe the process of bleeding out?

Exsanguination

The skin and underlying tissues of the face:

Have a rich blood supply and bleed heavily.

Clinical findings associated with a laryngeal injury include:

Hemoptysis, subcutaneous emphysema, and cyanosis.

Cardiac arrest following a crush injury is most often the result of:

Hyperkalemia

A full-thickness burn is typically characterized by all of the following, EXCEPT:

Intense pain

A hematoma develops when:

Large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged.

The lower jawbone is called the:

Mandible

Which skin infection is described as the flesh-eating disease, which involves the death of tissue from bacterial infection?

Necrotizing fasciitis

An abdominal evisceration:

Occurs when organs protrude through an open wound.

Facial injuries must be identified and treated as soon as possible because:

Of the risk for airway problems.

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20' and is lying unconscious on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should:

Rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.

The degradation of dead muscle tissue is called:

Rhabdomyolysis

All patients with closed soft-tissue injuries should be assessed for:

Serious hidden injuries

Significant trauma to the face should increase the AEMT's index of suspicion for a(n):

Spinal cord injury

A teenage boy who was involved in a bicycle accident has a puncture wound where the bicycle kickstand impaled his leg. The MOST appropriate method for treating this injury is to:

Unbolt the kickstand from the bike frame and stabilize it with bulky dressings.

Which of the following physiologic responses occurs initially following a burn injury?

Vasoconstriction and decreased blood flow to the burned area

A burn occurs when the soft tissue of the skin:

receives more energy than it can absorb without injury