Solids and Plasmas

The repeating subunits that are responsible for the shape of a crystal are known as unit cells. heavy nuclei. light electrons. amorphous cells.

a

Temperature depends on the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample. How does this help with explaining why a plasma-based light does not have a high temperature? No particles in the plasma have high kinetic energy. The fastest particles have the greatest mass. Most particles in the plasma are heavy and slow. The fastest particles transfer most of their energy through collisions.

c

What happens when the kinetic energy of molecules increases so much that electrons are released by the atoms, creating a swirling gas of positive ions and negative electrons? Matter changes to a solid state. Matter changes to a liquid state. Matter changes to a plasma state. Matter changes to a gaseous state.

c

A plasma that has particles that never collide frequently enough to exchange kinetic energy and never reach a temperature equal to the surroundings is categorized as a thermal plasma. ionized plasma. low density plasma. nonthermal plasma.

d

Which low-energy state of condensed matter is characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes of shape or volume? gas liquid plasma solid

d

What are thermal plasmas? plasmas that have particles that collide infrequently plasmas that reach a temperature equal to their surroundings plasmas that do not reach thermal equilibrium plasmas that have only a few particles ionized at any given moment

b

Keisha makes a table to compare plasmas and solids. Which labels belong in the cells marked X and Y? X: HighY: High X: HighY: Low X: LowY: High X: LowY: Low

a

Which is an example of plasmas in nature? solar cells plasma balls auroras clouds

c

Which state of matter is characterized by ionized particles, no definite shape or volume, and good electrical conductivity? gas liquid plasma solid

c

Substance X has a fixed volume, and the attraction between its particles is strong. Substance Y has widely spread out particles and can be compressed. What can most likely be concluded about these substances? Substance X is a crystal, and substance Y is a liquid. Substance X is a gas, and substance Y is a plasma. Substance X is a plasma, and substance Y is a crystal. Substance X is a solid, and substance Y is a plasma.

d