South America: Unit Exam Prep

Who were leaders of the South American wars for independence? A. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin B. Miguel Hidalgo and Toussaint Louverture C. Simon Bolivar and Miguel Hidalgo D. Toussaint Louverture and Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

A. Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin

the major petroleum-exporting country in South America A. Venezuela B. Trans-Amazonian Highway C.Peru D. Transoceanic Highway E. Brazil

A. Venezuela

What feature of the Inca Empire made it easier for the Spanish to conquer it? A. a network of roads that connected the empire B. vast resources of gold and silver C. its sickly emperor D. its hot and dusty climate

A. a network of roads that connected the empire

How can El Nino negatively affect fishing? A. by reducing the number of small organisms at the bottom of the food chain B. by exposing fish to toxins such as mercury C. by cooling surface ocean temperatures D. by causing drought

A. by reducing the number of small organisms at the bottom of the food chain

One way farmers can prevent erosion due to the formation of _____ is to apply fertilizers and lime,also known as calcium oxide. A. oxisols B. desertification C. Atlantic D. monoculture E. deforestation

A. oxisols

the grassy, treeless plains of southern South America A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

A. pampas

What river's basin is home to the world's largest rainforest? A. the Amazon B. the Rio de la Plata C. the Parana D. the Uruguay

A. the Amazon

Which two countries in South America have large South Asian populations? A. Colombia and Venezuela B. Peru and Brazil C. Argentina and Uruguay D. Suriname and Guyana

D. Suriname and Guyana

route constructed to transport agricultural products from the Amazon river basin to ports in Peru A. Venezuela B. Trans-Amazonian Highway C.Peru D. Transoceanic Highway E. Brazil

D. Transoceanic Highway

parallel chains or ranges of mountains A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

D. cordillera

Because it depletes the soil of nutrients, _____ is hard on the land and causes soil to lose fertility. A. oxisols B. desertification C. Atlantic D. monoculture E. deforestation

D. monoculture

In South America, most people live A. on the Patagonian Plateau. B. in the tierra fria zone of the Andes. C. in the tierra helada zone of the Andes. D. near the coasts and along major rivers.

D. near the coasts and along major rivers.

a country in which most people speak Portuguese A. Venezuela B. Trans-Amazonian Highway C.Peru D. Transoceanic Highway E. Brazil

E. Brazil

Paraguay has acted on environmental concerns by banning _____ in its eastern region. A. oxisols B. desertification C. Atlantic D. monoculture E. deforestation

E. deforestation

a slum on the outskirts of a Brazilian city consisting of crudely built shacks A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

E. favelas

an ancient Inca town in the Andes A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

F. Machu Picchu

Because the Eastern Highlands of Brazil slope gently to the Atlantic Ocean,forming a peninsula,most Brazilians live along the coast.

False

The Andes consist of altiplanos, or groups of several mountain ranges that run parallel to one another.

False

The tierra helada and the puna are the lowest vertical climate zones in South America.

False

the longest river in the Western Hemisphere A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

G. Amazon

a steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

H. escarpment

a syncretic blend of Catholicism and West African religions A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

I. Macumba

the world's highest large lake A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

J. Titicaca

The Amazon rainforest has more biodiversity per square mile than any other place on Earth.

True

The llanos and the pampas are two grasslands areas in South America.

True

Why do most people in South America live along rivers or near the coasts? A. Because most South American countries have a large geographic area. B. Because the rugged interior of the continent has discouraged settlement. C. Because these areas are a safe distance from active volcanoes. D. Because these are the only areas in which the climate is suitable for agriculture.

B. Because the rugged interior of the continent has discouraged settlement.

How does monoculture affect soil? A. It dries it out too fast. B. It depletes it of nutrients. C. Itcauses it to become saline. D. It enriches it with nitrogen.

B. It depletes it of nutrients.

What South American lake lies on the border between Bolivia and Peru? A. Lake Managua B. Lake Titicaca C. Lake Nicaragua D. Lake Maracaibo

B. Lake Titicaca

Most Argentinians today are descended from A. indigenous persons and Africans. B. Spaniards and Italians. C. Spaniards and indigenous persons. D. Italians and Africans.

B. Spaniards and Italians.

How do favelas contribute to pollution? A. They are poorly constructed. B. They are sources of untreated sewage. C. They produce high greenhouse gas emissions. D. They attract the urban poor.

B. They are sources of untreated sewage.

route constructed to transport mineral and timber from the Amazon rain forest A. Venezuela B. Trans-Amazonian Highway C.Peru D. Transoceanic Highway E. Brazil

B. Trans-Amazonian Highway

the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

B. brain drain

Overgrazing of livestock and deforestation are major causes of _____ in South America. A. oxisols B. desertification C. Atlantic D. monoculture E. deforestation

B. desertification

Which of the following are major crops exported from South America? A. taros,yams, and pineapples B. grains, soybeans,and coffee C. rice,lentils, and cotton D. olives, grapes, and potatoes

B. grains, soybeans,and coffee

In recent years, the potential wealth to be gained through _____ has caused deforestation and the pollution of waterways in Peru. A. high-tech manufacturing B. illegal mining C. cottage industries D. the illegal drug trade

B. illegal mining

Which of the following accurately describes the Inca? A. advanced astronomers who developed a highly accurate calendar B. skilled engineers who built a network of roads through the Andes C. expert sailors who built a powerful navy D. peaceful pastoralists who ruled through consensus

B. skilled engineers who built a network of roads through the Andes

What is the sparsely populated desert along the coast of Peru and Chile? A. the Patagonian Desert B. the Atacama Desert C. the Mojave Desert D. the Sonoran Desert

B. the Atacama Desert

What causes Patagonia to be dry,barren,and windy? A. the Santa Ana winds B. the rainshadow effect caused by the Andes C. its proximity to the Equator D. the Coriolis effect coming from the Atlantic Ocean

B. the rainshadow effect caused by the Andes

Rain forests are home to about all the plant and animal species on Earth. A. 10 percent B. 25 percent C. 50 percent D. 75 percent

C. 50 percent

Less well known than the Amazon rain forest, the _____ Forest is also threatened and now covers less than 10 percent of its original area. A. oxisols B. desertification C. Atlantic D. monoculture E. deforestation

C. Atlantic

the country that has legalized the growing of the coca plant A. Venezuela B. Trans-Amazonian Highway C. Bolivia D. Transoceanic Highway E. Brazil

C. Bolivia

Which two European groups were the first to colonize South America? A. British and Portuguese B. British and Spanish C. Spanish and Portuguese D. French and Spanish

C. Spanish and Portuguese

How can herding livestock lead to desertification? A. The manure produced by livestock degrades the soil. B. Stampeding herds knock down old growth trees in the rain forests. C. The livestock damages plants by eating them down to nearly ground level. D. Herds attract insects and parasites that damage the soil.

C. The livestock damages plants by eating them down to nearly ground level.

Grains,soybeans, and -------- are major crops exported from South America. A. grapes B. rice C. coffee D. olives

C. coffee

The climate zones above the tree line in the Andes A. have a hot, dry climate. B. are the most densely populated climate zones. C. have permanent ice and snow. D. are the location of several South American capitals.

C. have permanent ice and snow.

a thick, weathered soil of the humid tropics that is largely depleted of fertility and nutrients A. pampas B. brain drain C. oxisol D. cordillera E. favelas F. Machu Picchu G. Amazon H. escarpment I. Macumba J. Titicaca

C. oxisol

Due to its location, the predominant climates of South America are A. steppe and desert. B. humid subtropical and marine west coast C. tropical wet and tropical wet/dry. D. Mediterranean and humid continental.

C. tropical wet and tropical wet/dry.

In many places throughout South America, Carnival is celebrated in the week before the _____ observance of Lent. A. Syncretism B. Protestant c. Santerra D. Catholic

D. Catholic

Rapid growth of the El Alto,Bolivia,has resulted in the pollution of A. Lake Managua. B. Lake Maracaibo. C. Lake Nicaragua. D. Lake Titicaca.

D. Lake Titicaca.

With some 19 million residents,---------- is the most populous city in the Southern Hemisphere. A. Buenos Aires, Argentina B. Bogota, Colombia C. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil D. Sao Paulo, Brazil

D. Sao Paulo, Brazil