SPC 1017 Test #1

Model that demonstrates how much and what kind of information we provide

- Social penetration model

Research has found that most adults tend to have on average ___________ best friends

1-2

Our ability to process information is at _________ words per minutes while the rate at which information is spoken is __________ words per minute.

600 - 800; 125

Knowing the right time in relationships to share certain information

Appropriateness

Clothing & other appearance objects we use in communicating with others.

Artifacts

Communication that takes the listener's feelings into account.

Assertive communication

____________ communication often occurs when a time delay occurs between the sending of an e-mail message and the receipt of that message.

Asynchronous

Focusing on a particular message

Attending

Learned predisposition to respond to something or someone in a favorable or unfavorable way.

Attitude

The tension between personal freedom and shared activities is the _______________________ dialectic.

Autonomy vs. connection

Using words as shorthand that no one can understand but you.

Bafflegab

describes the story we offer to others as to why a relationship ended

Grave dressing

Dragging up someone's past mistakes and linking them to the current situation.

Gunny-sacking

The study of how touch affects communication.

Haptics

The physiological process of decoding sounds

Hearing

Language that reveals an assumption that the world is heterosexual.

Heterosexist language

Language that overtly denigrates persons of non-heterosexual orientations.

Homophobic language

The tendency to be attracted to persons with interests & needs that differ from our own but provide balance.

Complementarity

Conflict management style that uses blame

Confrontational style

A personal and subjective meaning of a word.

Connotative meaning

An approach that sees conflict as a set of problems to be solved.

Cooperative style

Focusing on a speaker's delivery rather than the content of their message

Criticism

A learned system of knowledge, behavior, beliefs, values, and rules shared by a group.

Culture

Online sexual activity outside of one's in-person, monogamous relationship is referred to as

Cyber infedelity

A restrictive or literal meaning of a word.

Denotative meaning

conflict is characterized by a lack of flexibility and may be damaging to a relationship

Destructive

Conflict that features a lack of cooperation in dealing with differences

Destructive conflic

Nonverbal behaviors that communicate power, status and control.

Dominance

This type of conflict occurs when conflict gets personal and people attack each other's self- esteem.

Ego conflict

Strong responses to a word or concept that can get in the way of decoding information

Emotional noise

Context

Encompasses the physical, historical, and psychological environment

A theory that suggests that we develop rules or expectations for appropriate nonverbal behavior and react when those expectations are violated is the ______________________________ Theory.

Expectancy violations

Nonverbal behavior that conveys trustworthiness, sincerity, honesty and interest.

Eye contact

While having lunch with Bob in the cafeteria, Casey looks at Bob continuously and often reaches across to touch his arm as she laughingly tells him about her first biology lab meeting. These are nonverbal cues of ____________________________.

arrousal

Our _________________ identity involves characteristics others attribute to us, but we may or may not agree with them.

ascribed

As Joe sat in his biology lab, the lab instructor was droning on about vivisection. Joe kept thinking about last night's concert. Joe is having trouble with the ______________________ stage of listening.

attending

Your __________ identity is one you personally assign to yourself and act out.

avowed

The pathway through which messages are sent is the _______.

channel

A relationship that is sought out and intentionally developed is a relationship of

choice

Mary & Nancy first met on the job and became friends. This situation best describes a relationship of

circumstance

The term "white trash" reflects a _____ bias

class

The study of human gestures, posture, and body movements.

Kinesics

Involves receiving, constructing meaning and responding to messages

Listening

A tendency to seek out individuals who represent the same level of physical attractiveness as oneself.

Matching hypothesis

Can be characterized by the statement, "You are what you have."

Material self

Communication other than written or spoken language that creates meaning for someone is ______________________ communication.

Non Verbal communication

Includes placating, distracting, and computing.

Nonconfrontational style

Source

Originator of a thought who puts it into a code

________________________ or vocaholics are the pitch, rate and volume of one's speech, which are all part of the nonverbal behavior.

Paralanguage

Checking the accuracy of your understanding of the message by offering a summary in your own words.

Paraphrasing

A communication strategy of reducing our uncertainty by observing others and observing situations is describing a __________________ strategy

Passive

Channel

Pathway through which messages are sent

A strategy for checking the accuracy of your interpretation of another person's nonverbal behavior is called _______________________________.

Perception checking

Receiver

Person who decodes the message and attaches meaning to it

Impersonal Communication

Process of communicating that responds to people's roles rather than who they are individually

Group Communication

Process of creating meaning among 3-15 people who share a common goal

Interpersonal Communication

Process of interacting with another person and mutually influencing each other

Encoding

Process of translating ideas into a code

The study of how close or far away from people and objects we position ourselves.

Proxemics

The likelihood of being attracted to people who are physically close rather that those farther away.

Proximity

Conflict stemming from a lack of understanding.

Pseudo conflict

We share information about ourselves and expect others to do the same.

Reciprocity

Process of redefining events and experiences from a different point of view.

Reframing

. A perspective that revolves around how relational partners manage tensions is called

Relational dialects

An ongoing connection made with another person.

Relationship

An activity of listening in which we give verbal or nonverbal feedback to the speaker

Responding

Feedback

Response to a message

The _______________ Hypothesis suggests that our language and thought are so interrelated that how we think is based in and controlled by the language we speak.

Sapir Whorlf

Questioning the assumptions underlying a message

Second guessing

Focusing on your own needs and agendas rather than on what the speaker is saying

Self focus

The way you view yourself in a particular situation.

Self image

Another term used to describe a conversational narcissist is

Self-absorbed communication

Your subjective description of who you are, how you see yourself as a person.

Self-concept

Voluntarily providing information to others that they would not learn if one did not tell them.

Self-disclosure

The desire to have sexual contact with a certain person

Sexual attraction

The concept of self that develops through your personal interaction with others.

Social self

Many of our professional relationships take place in a zone which ranges from 4 - 12 feet.

Social space

Considers who you are in relationship to other forces in the universe.

Spiritual self

The most common profile of the 21st century American family is

Step family or blended

The rules of pattern and arrangement of words in a language.

Syntax

Increased conflict, tense communication climate

Turmoil stage

NonVerbal Communication

Unspoken communication

Enduring concepts of good and bad, right and wrong.

Value

____________ are components of self-concept that are expressed in terms of good or bad.

Values

Meta-communication is communication about

communication

According to the textbook, ___________________ are "social lubricants."

compliments

When we can experience the referent of a word through our senses, the word is described as being ________

concrete

Separating the people from the problem is one type of _________________________ strategy of conflict management.

coopertive

The degree to which we desire to form and possibly maintain an interpersonal relationship with another person is called

interpersonal communication

A system of symbols structured by grammar and syntax common to a community of people is a ________

language

The system of symbols shared by a group of people is called _______

language

Mary called her friend to get instructions for driving to the airport. Mary's listening goal was to

learn

Grace had just met John and she sensed there was real potential for developing a relationship with him because she felt they were on the same level of physical attractiveness. This best describes the theory of

matching hypothesis

When a person interprets or makes sense of symbols, he or she is creating ______

meaning

To be ___________ is to consider the needs, motives, desires, and goals of others.

other-oriented

Restating in your own words what you think the other person is saying is called

paraphrasing

Jinel moves closer to Andre and begins to converse with him from about two feet away. At this distance, Jinel is in Andre's ________________________ spatial zone.

personal

Sam notices Anna in his public speaking class and asks a mutual friend about her. This example characterizes the _________________________ stage in relationship escalation.

pre-interaction awareness

How far away a speaker is from an audience is known as ________________________ space.

public

A generalization that we apply to persons because we perceive them to have attributes common to a particular group is called a __________________.

stereotype

As his instructor places his hand on his shoulder, Robert feels that the touch is inappropriate and violates his __________________________.

touch ethic

The _______________________ stage of listening involves making sense out of what you hear by relating it to your past experiences and knowledge.

understanding

A method for reducing anxiety or boosting your sense of self-esteem by mentally imagining you are performing a particular task in a certain way is ____________________.

visualization

Responding mentally, physically and nonverbally to a speaker's message

Active listening

Delores often insults others and uses profanity in order to get what she wants. She uses __________________________ communication.

Agressive

A code of nonverbal behavior that influences perceptions of credibility and attractiveness.

Appearance

The ways in which you structure your understanding of reality—what is true and what is false.

Beliefs

The same words mean different things to different people.

Bypassing

____________ is the process of filling in missing information by imposing a pattern or structure.

Closure

Practice of using one form of language in one context, then switching to another form in a different context.

Code switching

Presentational Communication

Communication that occurs when a speaker addresses a large audience in person

Intrapersonal Communication

Communication that occurs within yourself

is the process of determining what information we are receiving is urgent and what information is not urgent.

Communication triage

Mediated Communication

Communication using some channel other than face to face

Nonverbal behaviors that communicate feelings of liking, pleasure and closeness.

Immediacy

Nonverbal cues that indicate liking are referred to as

Immediacy

Partners begin to define their lives more as individuals and less as a couple.

Individualization stage

When we respond to uncertainty by going "straight to the horse's mouth," we are employing an __________________ strategy

Interactive

Noise

Interference with the message

The ability to influence another in the direction we desire

Interpersonal power

While on a trip to the Mediterranean, James notes that men tend to stand very close to each other— actually touching—when talking to one another on the street. This closeness would tend to invade James' ___________________________.

Intimate space

Model that deals with what we know about ourselves & others' perceptions of us.

Johari window

When Mike arrived at class, he put his notebook on a desk and went into the hall to check his phone messages. Mike's notebook represents a _________________________.

Territorial marker

The study of how humans use space and objects to communicate occupancy.

Territoriality

When you try to put yourself in another person's shoes and experience what he/she is feeling, you are using _______

empathy

The beliefs, values, and moral principles by which we determine what is right or wrong are called _________.

ethics

Sexist language is also known as _______________ language.

exclusive

A social construction that encompasses biological sex, psychological characteristics, attitudes about the sexes, and sexual orientation is known as _______________.

gender

The term "police officer" is an example of _____ language

gender neutral

Using the terms "husband" or "wife" rather than "partner" demonstrates ______

heterosexist language

When Sonny and Carly were eating at a local restaurant and Sonny waved his hand to call the food server to their table, he was engaging in

impersonal communication

Rulers that are not specifically spelled out are ________.

implicit

Stepping away from your own thoughts and attempting to experience the thoughts of others is referred to as

social decentering

The fear of misunderstanding or misrepresenting messages spoken by other people is part of

receiver apprehension

Keri enjoys talking with people and sharing personal information. Keri's listening style is

relational listening

The process of using symbols to influence or persuade others is _______.

rhetoric

The activity involved in perception when we choose specific stimuli in our environment to focus on is ___________________.

selection

An evaluation of one's worth or value that can fluctuate is known as ________________.

self esteem

Goals you set for yourself.

self expectations

Idea that predictions about your future actions are likely to come true because you believe so.

self fulfilling prophecy