SPE 471 final
What are the similarities between IEPs and IFSPs? pg.489
Statements of goals and objectives for children Services provided and how outcomes of services will be evaluated Environments in which services will be provided Transition plans IFSP Individual Family Service Plan IEP Individualized Education Plan Target Population In most states the IFSP is intended for children and their families from birth through age 2. Target Population In most states the IEP is intended for children ages 3 through 21st year. Focus The IFSP provides early intervention to meet the unique development needs of the child and family in the child's natural environment, which typically means the child's home. Focus The IEP provides services and support for the child within the context of the school system. To the maximum extent possible the purpose of the IEP is to ensure that the child has the same opportunity to be educated as his or her non-disabled peers. Eligibility Based on an evaluation for children from birth through age 2. Eligibility Based on evaluation for children ages 3-21. Development of the Plan The plan is developed annually by an IFSP team, which includes the family as well as a group of child development experts (typically a pediatrician, an occupational therapist, a speech therapist, a social worker, and an early childhood special education teacher). The plan is based upon the evaluation of the needs of the child and family. Development of the Plan The plan is developed by the IEP team and takes into account strengths of the child, concerns of the parents for enhancing the education of their child, the results of the child 's initial and/or most recent evaluation of the child, and the academic, developmental and functional needs of the child Review of Plan The plan is typically reviewed every 6 months. Review of Plan The plan is reviewed periodically, but usually not less than annually. Statement of Performance Contains information about the child's present levels of motor, cognitive, communication, social/emotional, and adaptive (self-help skills) development. Statement of Performance Contains information about the child's present level of academic achievement and functional performance, including for preschool children, as appropriate, how the disability affects the child's participation in appropriate activities. Services Services are provided in the natural environment, which typically means within the home or at child care centers. Services Provided, to the maximum extent appropriate within the school alongside children who are not disabled. Goals and Objectives Helps the child to reach development goals. Goals and Objectives Prepares the child to learn alongside his/her non-disabled peers in the school system.
Discuss the importance of gross motor development in relationship to the development of skills in communication, cognition, and social-emotional function.
They all interconnect This is the main way to explore environment and if this gross motor is hindered then that affects other development skills. ex. if a kid is in a wheelchair and all of his friends are running around outside for free play, his communication and social-emotional functions aren't be used.
Why are social emotional skills important to focus on in early childhood?
To promote healthy communication in the future
Describe the referral process (screening, comprehensive evaluation, program planning, program evaluation)
(screening, comprehensive evaluation, program planning (IEP IFSP) , program evaluation- how is it working ) the idea that there is a process of assessment; do you meet these basic requirements? If you don't meet these then you go into more intensive evaluation look up in book
What is assistive technology?
Any item, piece of equipment, or product system, whether acquired commercially off the shelf, modified, or customized, that is used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of a child with a disability.
Review the Pyramid Model for social emotional preschool support. What are the different levels?
look in book
Describe how the following influence language development: hearing loss, vision loss, diminished intellectual capacity, and linguistic and cultural diversity.
look up in book
Discuss Piaget's theory of development and its relationship to young children with special needs.
look up in book
How can we use prompts to support skill development and its relationship to young children with special needs?
look up in book
How might cultural differences cause you to judge a family negatively, or differently, because a culturally based practice was new to you? What would you do if this happened?
opinion, It could cause you to judge a family because you may have different values or beliefs than some of theirs, you may disagree with them which can make you look at them in a negative way opinion, I would try to stay as positive as I could, remembering that not everyone has the same opinions on things and I would still share what I believe and think would be right for their child but in a tasteful way letting them know that I am here for them and know that they know their child better than I do
How does your own cultural background influence how you interact with families?
opinion, short answer
Describe current standards related to best practice in early childhood assessment.
page 472
What is the "occupation" of a child?
play
How are developmental areas affected by the child's environment?
the less opportunities you have to interact with people or environments the less opportunity you have to expand your schema.
What are social emotional skills children need before entering school?
-Confidence -Capacity to develop good relationships with peers and adults -Concentration and persistence on challenging tasks -Ability to effectively communicate emotions -Ability to listen to instructions and be attentive -Ability to solve social problems (Powerpoint 22, slides 5-8)
What are the 4 principles of FCP?
1. Partnering with families 2. Supporting families as ultimate decision makers 3. Recognizing and emphasizing families' strengths 4. Providing supports and services that focus on the family, not just the child, as the unit of attention
What is an interdisciplinary team? Why is this type of teaming recommended in ECSE/EI?
A group of professionals, each assuming responsibility for specific areas of function, may conduct the assessment. Gross-motor assessment is accomplished frequently using an interdisciplinary team. Observing from own perspective but come together to form services and collaborate to come up with goals (look up more details)
What is family-centered practice? SHORT ANSWER
A philosophy or way of thinking that leads to a set of practices in which families or parents are considered central and the most important decision maker in the child's life. More specifically it recognizes that the family is the constant in a child's life and that service systems and personnel muse support, respect, encourage, and enhance the strengths and competence of the family.
The role of the family in intervention is critical. Describe ways in which interventionists can involve families in meaningful ways.
Acknowledge families' perspective, recognize families as partners, engage families in assessment and instructional planning, be sensitive to family individuality, work together to understand assessment, support the family's role
Describe examples of how assistive technology can be used for children with delays: communication, motor.
Augmentative and alternative communication devices are tool to help children specifically in the area of communication. Augmentative communication is the use of symbols, aided or unaided, to support individuals with difficulties in communication. It includes sign language and augmentative and alternative communication (which is text-to-speech, and voice recognition) Assistive technology through motor development include devices such as grasp bars, walkers, and wheelchairs. Also supine, prone, and floor standers are helpful with positioning the children in different positions.
Consider a child with motor delay who attends a daycare center. Discuss the use of task modification and environmental adaptation to support the child's ability to participate fully in daycare activities.
Environmental adaptations: grips for pencils, Task Modification: maybe have them cut a straight line. If they have a fine motor delay, three locations instead of five if child is handicapped.
What are the ECO Center family outcomes for EI programs?
Families understand their child's strengths, abilities, and special needs, Families know their rights and advocate effectively for their child, Families help their child develop and learn, Families have support systems, Families access desired services, programs, and activities in their community
Why is EI/ECSE important?
First years are most important for establishing a foundation for later learning
What are their respective components? (IEP and IFSP)
IFSP-Child's overall development/ information about family resources, priorities and concerns/Can be general outcomes/Review goals every 6 months IEP-Child's educational performance/Information only about the child/Requires specific goals and objectives/Review goals every year
What is the significance of a child's hands during the early developmental processes?
If you can't grip something then you can't write or eat or do many activities like other kids, can't button shirts/pants/ they can not develop skills
How do family-centered early intervention services for infants and toddlers differ from family-centered services for preschooler?
Infant and toddler services are generally home-based, while preschooler services are generally center-based/school-based.
What are formal and informal supports for families?
Informal-family, friends, community supports Formal-services received
What do we mean by intervention in natural environments?
Intervention in an environment that is known to the child such as a home or regular classroom, not a room or class that is unfamiliar.
How could you better understand the family's point of you?
Opinion, I would talk to the family about their point of view. This will help me to gain knowledge on how they feel but will also hopefully show them that I care for them and support them and am curious about their feelings. Learning about their cultural norms and values will help me know how to move forward so I will be open to trying to understand what they think is best.
What are the parts of IDEA?
Part A- General Provisions Part B- Assistance for Education of all Children with Disabilities (3 and up) Part C- Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities (birth-3) Part D- National Activities to Improve Education of Children with Disabilities (Funding)
How do parts B and C relate to EI/ECSE?
Part B (ECSE) is covered under IEP and Part C is covered under IFSP, which directly related to EI/ECSE.
Why is FCP important in ECSE/EI?
Partnership refers to a relationship in which families (not just parents) and professionals agree to build on each other's expertise and resources, as appropriate, for the purpose of making and implementing decisions that will directly benefit {children} and indirectly benefit other family members and professionals. Families know the child best and can be a great asset. Families are the child's first teacher.
What are the five developmental domains we consider in EC?
Physical, Cognitive, Communication, Social/Emotional, Self Help
Discuss positive and negative factors that could affect typical development.
Positive factors: responding to your child, environmental factors, exposure to different things, and opportunities for learning. Ex: Zoo, museums, parks Negative factors: Maternal illness/disease. Childhood disease, toxic prenatal environment (alcohol, drugs, smoking, lead, mercury), toxic postnatal environment (poison, smoking, lead, mercury), genetic factors (autosomal, x-linked, inheritance, chromosomal malfunction), blood incompatibility, injury (shaken baby, TBI, abuse to mother), psychological factors, education, cultural, technology, maternal age and nutrition, ecological theories.
What are self-care or adaptive skills? Why are these important to focus on in early childhood?
Presenting things like eating, dressing themselves in order to promote independency *Side note: I don't know how specific this answer needs to be but there is more info starting on pg. 258 that goes into more details. promote independence
What qualities and characteristics contribute to being a successful early interventionist?
Sensitivity, flexibility, communicative, supportive, realistic, educated. Knowledgeable about child development and disabilities, follows theoretical intervention models, supports and responds while promoting independence, adapts quickly, administers and interprets preschool test instruments, interacts productively, evaluates program success, uses available resources, flexible, adapts to cultural differences, accepts input
What is the difference between speech and language?
Speech- how you are forming words/ saying things Language- how you put ideas together Speech is spoken and articulation of words and language is how you understand or put together words
