Speech Final Review - Assignment Questions
The three kinds of supporting materials discussed in your textbook are
1. Statistics 2. Examples 3. Testimony
What are the four causes of poor listening discussed in your textbook?
1. not concentrating 2. listening too hard 3. jumping to conclusions 4. focusing on delivery and personal appearance
What is the median in the following set of numbers: 500, 600, 650, 700, 750?
650
T/F Because persuasion aims to change the beliefs and/or actions of listeners, speaking to persuade is one of the few cases in which a speaker does not need to consider her or his ethical obligations.
F
T/F Using inclusive language is an important part of being an audience-centered public speaker.
T
T/F When taking research notes, you should distinguish among direct quotations, paraphrases, and your own ideas.
T
T/F You should never cite an article in your speech on the basis of the abstract alone.
T
T/F: When business managers are asked to rank-order the communication skills most crucial to their jobs, they usually rank listening number one.
T
The Baylor University Library has a 'Video Booth', which is a free & easy resource that allows you to record your speeches onto a flash-drive.
T
What is the name of the citation management tool we reviewed in class?
Zotero
In small group communication, maintenance needs are
actions necessary to maintain interpersonal relations in a small group.
__________ listeners give their undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort to understand her or his point of view.
active
The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? How can we take my opponent's proposed education bill seriously? After all, he flunked out of high school.
ad hominem
____________ is repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.
alliteration
What kind of reasoning is used in the following statement? Because the crime-reduction policy I propose has worked successfully in New York, Houston, and New Orleans, we can be confident that it will work here as well.
analogical reasoning
"Divided there is little we can do; united there is little we cannot do" is an example of
antithesis
Ian is attending a union meeting in which the union president is discussing the company's plan to decrease wages in exchange for an increase in vacation time. As Ian listens, he is trying to determine whether or not to vote for the plan. According to your textbook, Ian is engaged in ____________ listening.
critical
Even if your speech as a whole is ethical, you can still be guilty of ______ plagiarism if you fail to give credit for quotations, paraphrases, and other specific parts of the speech that are borrowed from other people.
incremental
The denotative meaning of a word is
its literal meaning or dictionary definition
The name used by Aristotle for the logical appeal of a speaker.
logos
The ____________ is the number that occurs most frequently in a group of numbers.
mode
"The steady flow of traffic sounded like the rush of a great river" is an example of
simile
"His ideas are as worthless as withered weeds" are examples of
simile and alliteration
A(n) ____________ speech is a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes.
extemporaneous
As Mark Twain noted, "The right word may be effective, but no word was ever as effective as a rightly timed ____________."
pause
A ____________ is a list, compiled early in the research process, of works that look as if they might contain helpful information about a speech topic.
preliminary biography
The main purpose of a speech of presentation is to
present a gift or an award.
T/F The Baylor University Library has a 'chat' feature on the homepage that allows anyone to talk directly with a librarian when they need research help
T
T/F The impact of an extended example often depends as much on the speaker's delivery as on the content of the example.
T
If there is no clearly identified author for a document on the Internet, you should try to determine the ____________ that is responsible for the document.
sponsoring organization
A method of organizing persuasive speeches that seeks immediate action.
Monroe's motivated sequence
____________ is the lowness or highness of the speaker's voice.
pitch
If you present another person's language or ideas as your own, you are guilty of ______.
plagiarism
The second basic issue in analyzing a question of policy
plan
Listening to understand the message of a speaker is called ____________ listening.
comprehensive
The two kinds of listening most closely tied to critical thinking are
comprehensive listening and critical listening
What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I usually eat spaghetti for dinner the day before an exam, but I ran out of spaghetti the night before the calculus final. That's why I got a C.
false cause
What error in reasoning is exemplified in the following statement? I watched a Hong Kong film in class last week, and it was extremely violent. When I mentioned this to my friend, she said that she, too, had seen a violent Hong Kong film. Apparently, all Hong Kong films are violent.
hasty generalization
Whenever you give a persuasive speech on a question of value, you need to
justify your value judgement against a set of standards or criteria
As your textbook explains, upon reaching the lectern to start a speech, you should
make eye contact with your listeners
The term for the statistical measure popularly known as the "average" is the ____________.
mean
"Once given a push, the machine of justice rolls on by itself" is an example of
metaphor
A method of organizing persuasive speeches with main points of identifying an issue, analyzing it, and trying to solve it.
problem-cause-solution order
A method of organizing persuasive speeches with two main points of dealing with an issue and trying to solve it.
problem-solution order
The most important question to ask when assessing analogical reasoning is whether
the two cases being compared are essentially alike
When practicing your speech delivery, you should do all the following except
try to learn your speech word for word
Gabrielle, a physiology major, waited until the last minute to begin preparing her persuasive speech. When her friend Ken learned that she was panicking over the assignment, he gave her the outline of a speech he had delivered in class the previous semester. Gabrielle used the speech and presented it as her own. Which of the following is true? A. Gabrielle is guilty of global plagiarism because she took a speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. B. Gabrielle is guilty of no ethical offense because Ken willingly gave her his speech. C. Gabrielle is guilty of patchwork plagiarism because she took her speech entirely from a single source and passed it off as her own. D. Gabrielle is guilty of incremental plagiarism because she took ideas or language from two or three sources and passed them off as her own.
A
Which of the following violates the speaker's ethical obligation to be honest in what she or he says? A. All answers are correct. B. Juggling statistics C. Quoting out of context D. Citing unusual cases as typical examples
A
Page 130 of the textbook has sample bibliography formats for both APA and MLA reference styles. Which format is required for this class?
APA format
Strong evidence can A. inoculate listeners against counterpersuasion. B. all answers are correct. C. increase the persuasiveness of a speech. D. enhance a speaker's credibility.
B
T/F According to your textbook, online speakers should avoid using visual aids.
F
T/F Because a speech of introduction focuses on the main speaker, there is little need to adapt to the audience.
F
T/F Because listeners recognize that public speakers are promoting their self-interest, it is acceptable for speakers to alter evidence.
F
T/F When taking research notes, you should only write down information that you know you will use in your speech.
F
T/F You should usually avoid using detailed examples because they will bore your audience.
F
T/F Your textbook recommends taking word-for-word notes as a way to improve your listening skills.
F
What search function can you use in order to find the most content available from the BU Library?
OneSearch
If you want an academic resource that Baylor does not currently own, what function do you use to request the material?
OsoFast
In the OneSearch function, after you search a topic, how are you able to refine your results?
Publishing date Resource type Availability Subject Color Orientation Physical matter
T/F Emotional appeal is often necessary when a speaker is trying to move an audience to action.
T
T/F Even though the Internet is often informal, you should dress as professionally for an online speech as for an in-person one.
T
A technique in which a speaker connects himself or herself with the values, attitudes, or experiences of the audience.
creating common ground
Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of accepting or rejecting it is called _________________
critical listening
What does doi stand for and what is its purpose?
doi stands for Digital Object Identifier. It exists to combat changes in URLs over time, providing a long-term tracking number that is unique to the specific article. You can find it on the front page of nearly every electronic journal article.
____________ is listening to provide emotional support for a speaker.
empathic listening
One of the advantages of using the extemporaneous method of delivery is that it
encourages conversational quality
Because speechmaking is a form of power, it carries with it heavy ______ responsibilities.
ethical
______ is the branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs.
ethics
When using statistics in a speech, you should
identify the sources of your statistics. round off complicated statistics. use statistics sparingly.
"Our mission is to serve justice, to right wrong, and to protect democracy" is an example of
parallelism
To restate or summarize a source's ideas in one's own words is to
paraphrase
When a speaker ______, she restates or summarizes an author's ideas in her own words.
paraphrases
Stealing ideas or language from two or three sources and passing them off as one's own is called ______ plagiarism.
patchwork
The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? Once we accept money from soft-drink companies for exclusive rights to sell their products in our high schools, it won't be long until businesses are deciding what courses should be taught and what teachers should be hired.
slippery slope
Research indicates that the impact of examples is greatly enhanced when they are followed by ____________ that show the examples are typical.
statistics
The first step to improving your listening skills is to __________________.
take listening seriously
The ____________ audience is the portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade.
target
Although some disagreement about ideas is inescapable in an effective problem-solving group, disagreement should be kept on the ____________ level.
task
Under normal circumstances, a speech of introduction should be no more than ____________ minutes long.
two to three
For real-time online speeches, you should usually sit
two to three feet from the camera, so the audience can see you from the chest up.
"To persuade my audience that discrimination on the basis of genetic traits is unfair" is a specific purpose statement for a persuasive speech on a question of ___________.
value
T/F The larger an audience becomes, the greater is the speaker's ethical responsibility to be fully prepared.
F
T/F Hearing and listening are identical.
F
T/F When giving an online speech, you should talk directly into the computer monitor because that is where the webcam is located.
F
T/F Even if you can't identify the author or sponsoring organization for an Internet document, you can still use the document in your speech as long as it is up to date.
F
T/F In most cases, statistics speak for themselves and do not require a lot of explanation when used in a speech.
F
T/F In persuasive speaking, it is usually appropriate to substitute emotional appeals for evidence and reasoning.
F
T/F Research shows that if members of a small group work well together, they can almost always resolve a problem better than one person.
T
What are the seven techniques discussed in your textbook for becoming a better listener?
1. take listening seriously 2. be an active listener 3. resist distractions 4. don't be diverted by appearance or delivery 5. suspend judgement 6. focus your listening 7. develop note-taking skills
Which of the following is an example of a commemorative speech? A. All answers are correct. B. a speech at a new elementary school praising the work of the woman for whom the school is named C. an address at the site of the World Trade Center praising the people who lost their lives on September 11, 2001 D. a eulogy at a funeral praising the life and accomplishments of the deceased
A
Which of the following is the correct order AND format for items in a book reference? A. Last name, First initial. middle initial. (year). Book title. Publisher's city, Publisher's state abbreviation: Publisher. example: Rapinoe, M. A. (2019). Equal pay for equal play. Chicago, IL: Soccer Media. B. Last name, First name. Book Title. Publisher's State, Publisher, Year. Print. example: Astley, Rick. Never Giving you up: The Art of Rick-Rolling. CA, Clickbait Publishers, 2007. Print. C. Book Title. Last name, First initial. Middle initial. Publisher's city, Publisher's state: Publisher. (year). example: Wedding Royals and Leading by Example. Markle, R. M. & Middleton, C. E. Los Angeles, California: Queen Bees Publications. (2018). D. Last name, First name, year. Book title. Publisher's state abbreviation: Publisher. example: X, Lil Nas, 2019. Horses and old town roads. GA: Billboard Books.
A
Members of the library committee arrived at the meeting room and were milling around chatting. Yvonne announced that it was time for the meeting to begin and distributed the agenda as members came to the table. What type of small group need was Yvonne fulfilling?
A procedural need
Which of the following formatting policies align with APA formatting? Check all that apply. A. The word References should appear at the top of the references page B. All references should be double-spaced C. All references should be in the hanging indent format if it's longer than one line D. The author(s) or organization (if no author is listed) must be cited in the reference E. Always use 12 point size and Times New Roman font F. If referencing an online academic journal article, the doi number must be included
All but A
When giving a speech of presentation, you should usually A. tell why the recipient is receiving the award. B. All answers are correct. C. limit your remarks to four or five minutes. D. explain the purpose and criteria for the award.
B
When phrasing a question for discussion by a problem-solving group, it is important to A. avoid biased or slanted questions. B. All answers are correct. C. phrase it as a question of policy. D. make the question clear and specific.
B
T/F Research shows that speakers in the United States who fail to establish eye contact may be seen by listeners as insincere or even dishonest.
T
When you end your speech, you should A. maintain eye contact for a few moments after you stop talking. B. collect your notes and any visual aids you may have used. C. All answers are correct. D. maintain a cool, collected demeanor as you return to your seat.
C
Controlling the visual environment of an online speech includes A. choosing a setting that is free of noise and clutter. B. checking the location of your webcam. C. taking your personal appearance seriously. D. All answers are correct.
D
Possible sources of interference in online speeches include A. someone entering the room where the audience is located. B. bandwidth congestion on the audience's computers. C. updates arriving on your computer during the speech. D. All answers are correct.
D
Which of the following does your textbook recommend for doing speech research? A. Start early. B. Take notes efficiently. C. Think about your materials as you research. D. All answers are correct.
D
Which of the following is included in your textbook as a guideline for effective online speaking? A. Control the visual environment. B. Adapt your nonverbal communication. C. Adjust your pacing. D. All answers are correct.
D
T/F People spend more time listening than in any other communicative activity.
T
T/F Presenting a speech online is more challenging and time-consuming than delivering an in-person speech.
T
T/F A persuasive speech on a question of fact is essentially the same as an informative speech.
F
T/F Because of the dynamic nature of the online environment, speakers can rest assured that the audience will pay close attention to their online speech.
F
T/F Because the brain can process many more words per minute than we talk, this spare "brain time" makes listening easier.
F
T/F It is only necessary for a speaker to identify his or her source when quoting verbatim—not when paraphrasing.
F
T/F Language mirrors reality.
F
T/F Listeners usually find generalizations more interesting and convincing than specific statements.
F
T/F Protecting a speaker's freedom to express his or her ideas implies agreement with those ideas.
F
T/F Skilled listeners try to remember a speaker's every word.
F
T/F The main purpose of using statistics in a speech is to make the speech more vivid.
F
T/F The purpose of a speech of introduction is to reveal the major points that will be made by the main speaker.
F
T/F To improve your listening, you should think of listening as a passive process.
F
T/F When giving an online presentation, you should speak with your back to a window so there will be plenty of light.
F
T/F When you give a real-time online speech, you should position the webcam so it is tilted up at your face.
F
____________ is a five-step method of speech organization that follows the process of human thinking and leads the listener step by step to a desired action.
Monroe's motivated sequence
______ is the use of language to defame, demean, or degrade individuals or groups.
Name-calling
_______________ is based on a person's use of voice and body rather than on the use of words.
Nonverbal communication
T/F Even though there can be gray areas when it comes to assessing a speaker's goals, it is still necessary to ask ethical questions about those goals.
T
T/F Examples are especially useful for getting listeners involved in a speech.
T
T/F Inaccurate use of language can harm a speaker's credibility.
T
T/F Language that is appropriate for some occasions may not be appropriate for others.
T
T/F Listening and critical thinking are so closely allied that training in listening is also training in how to think.
T
T/F Monroe's motivated sequence is most useful for speeches that seek immediate action.
T
T/F No matter what kind of evidence you employ, it will be more persuasive if you state it in specific rather than general terms.
T
T/F Of all the kinds of speeches, perhaps none depends more on the creative and subtle use of language than does the commemorative speech.
T
T/F One of the challenges facing real-time online speakers is that they must learn a software program designed for such speeches—and be able to operate it flawlessly during the speech.
T
Listening for pleasure or enjoyment is called ____________ listening.
appreciative
Sloppy ____________ is the failure to form particular speech sounds crisply and distinctly.
articulation
The obligation facing a persuasive speaker to prove that a change from current policy is necessary.
burden of proof
The ____________ lists all the books, periodicals, and other resources owned by a library.
catalogue
The purpose of a(n) ____________ speech is to pay tribute to a person, a group of people, an institution, or an idea.
commemorative
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which each main point explains why a speaker's solution to a problem is preferable.
comparative advantages order
A speaker's credibility is affected above all by how the audience regards the speaker's
competence and character
The ____________ meaning of a word is what the word suggests or implies.
connotative
____________ is a group decision acceptable to all members.
consensus
The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? We should build a new high school or children in this community will never get into college.
either-or
At a coffee shop on campus, Rachel listens to her friend Shanti discuss his feelings about his mother's recent death. According to your textbook, Rachel is engaged in ____________ listening.
empathetic
The name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as credibility.
ethos
____________ is the name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as credibility.
ethos
Supporting materials used to prove or disprove something.
evidence
According to your textbook, what type of supporting material would you be using if you quoted Yale physicist Daniel Timbie on the compatibility of the big bang theory with religious philosophies?
expert testimony
When giving a speech of introduction, you should
make sure your remarks about the main speaker are completely accurate.
Speakers who lack vocal variety are said to speak in a ___________.
monotone
The first basic issue in analyzing a question of policy.
need
Regardless of whether your aim is to encourage passive agreement or immediate action, you must deal with three basic issues whenever you discuss a question of policy. What are they?
need, plan, practicality
In a persuasive speech to gain ____________, the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of that policy.
passive agreement
The name used by Aristotle for what modern students of communication refer to as emotional appeal.
pathos
What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points? I. The problem of eating disorders affects at least 30 million Americans. II. The causes of eating disorders include peer pressure, fad diets, and the media's glamorization of thinness. III. An effective solution to eating disorders must address all three of these causes.
problem-cause-solution
What method of organization is used in a persuasive speech with the following main points? I. Fraudulent charity fundraising is a widespread problem. II. The problem can be solved by a combination of government initiative and individual awareness.
problem-solution order
The Gale Opposing Viewpoints feature includes the following
provides nuanced options for modern issues featured viewpoints on topics academic journal suggestions other references on the topic
A question about the truth or falsity of an assertion.
question of fact
A question about whether a specific course of action should or should not be taken.
question of policy
A question about the worth, rightness, morality, and so forth of an idea or action.
question of value
The following statement is an example of what type of fallacy? How can we be so concerned about ethics in political campaigns when there are serious problems in the long-term stability of Social Security?
red herring
____________ is the pattern of sound in a speech created by the choice and arrangement of words.
rhythm
A persuasive speech in which the speaker's goal is to convince the audience to take action in support of a given policy.
speech to gain immediate action
A persuasive speech in which the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of the policy.
speech to gain passive agreement
Changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume are referred to as
vocal variety