Speech Midterm

is the audience's perception of whether the speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic.

Credibility

a _________ ending is a type of speech conclusion that generates emotional appeal by fading step by step to a dramatic final statement.

Dissolve

When you give a real-time online speech, you should position the webcam so it is tilted up at your face.

False

The messages, usually nonverbal, sent from a listener to a speaker are called ______

Feed Back

Which of the following statements about online speeches is true?

None of the answers are true

Two types of online speeches

Real-time and recorded

The ___________ is what a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else in a speech.

Residual message

___________ is anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience.

Stage Fright

What method of delivery does this chapter recommend for your introductory speech?

The chapter recommends the extemporaneous method of speech delivery for your introductory speech.

Public speaking has been taught and studied for thousands of years.

True

Speechmaking becomes more complex as cultural diversity increases.

True

When a speaker uses __________ ending, the speech builds in force until it reaches a zenith of power and intensity.

crescendo

If you were giving an informative speech on the subject of troglodytes, you would probably include a ____________ in your introduction

definition

When your general purpose is to ____________, you act as a teacher or lecturer.

inform

What is a major factor to consider when deciding whether to use an object as a visual aid?

its size

A ______ outline is a detailed outline developed during the planning stage of a speech.

preparation

The ________ is a single infinitive phrase that states precisely what a speaker hopes to accomplish in her or his speech.

specific purpose statement

"To persuade my audience that the U.S. space program provides many important benefits to people here on earth" is an example of a(n)

specific purpose statement.

Controlling the visual environment of an online speech includes

All answers are correct

__________ is a method of generating ideas for speech topics by free association of words and ideas.

Brainstorming

A __________ online speech may be viewed initially by an in-person audience, but it is designed ultimately to be uploaded for viewing on the Internet—as, for example, in a TED Talk.

Recorded

The pattern of symbolization and indentation in a speech outline shows the ____________ of the speech

visual framework

_____________ is mental imaging in which a speaker vividly pictures himself or herself giving a successful presentation.

visualization

What does critical thinking include?

All answers are correct.

When preparing a visual aid, you should use ALL CAPS because it is easier to read.

False

A _________ is a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud.

Rhetorical

A preparation outline should include

a bibliography.

Dolores is preparing visual aids for her speech about resources available to the Latino/Latina community and has decided to use a handout. When should she distribute it?

after the speech

The following visual aid is an example of a ____________ graph

bar

The central idea for a speech should be stated as a full sentence.

true

When delivering a speech, you should display visual aids only while discussing them.

true

For real-time online speeches, you should usually sit

two to four feet from the camera, so the audience can see you from the chest up.

The __________ refers to the onscreen elements seen by the audience during an online speech

visual environment

______________ is controlled nervousness that helps energize a speaker for his or her presentation.

Positive Nervousness

Avoiding ethnocentrism is important for listeners as well as for speakers.

True

Distributing handouts is usually an excellent way to present visual aids during a speech.

false

Possible sources of interference in online speeches include

All answers are correct

Research has demonstrated that visual aids, when used well, can increase a speaker's

All answers are correct

Which of the following is included in your textbook as a guideline for effective online speaking?

All answers are correct

The ___________ is a one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the main points of a speech.

Central Idea

_________ is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

Ethnocentrism

According to your textbook, online speakers should avoid using visual aids.

False

Although the specific purpose statement for a speech should not be phrased as a question, it is acceptable to phrase the central idea as a question.

False

Audience analysis is less important for online speeches than for speeches delivered to an audience that is physically present.

False

Because of the dynamic nature of the online environment, speakers can rest assured that the audience will pay close attention to their online speech.

False

In an online speech you have essentially the same relationship with your audience as in an in-person speech.

False

Listeners usually realize how tense a speaker is.

False

Most successful speakers do not experience stage fright.

False

The central idea of a speech is usually formulated before the specific purpose.

False

The conclusion should normally make up about 20 to 25 percent of your speech.

False

When giving an online presentation, you should speak with your back to a window so there will be plenty of light.

False

When giving an online speech, you should talk directly into the computer monitor because that is where the webcam is located.

False

When preparing charts and graphs, you should use a large number of colors in order to grab your audience's attention.

False

While listening to a speech about gun control, Scott thought back to his experiences as an intern with the police department and decided that the speaker was knowledgeable about the subject. What was Scott doing?

Filtering his message through his frame of reference

The knowledge, experience, goals, values, and attitudes through which each listener filters a message make up the listener's ______

Frame of Reference

__________ are discussed in your textbook as elements of the visual environment for online speeches

Framing, eye contact, and lighting

is the audience's perception of whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind.

Goodwill

According to your textbook, ______ is anything that impedes the communication of a message.

Interference

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "To persuade my audience that our state legislature should protect Internet privacy and increase spending for education."

It contains two unrelated ideas.

Identify the flaw in the following central idea for a speech: "Something should be done about rising sea levels."

Its too vague

When you want to change or structure the attitudes of your audience, your general purpose is to ____________

Persuade

When organizing your introductory speech, you should divide it into what three sections?

Regardless of your topic, you should organize your introductory speech into three parts—introduction, body, and conclusion.

What should public speakers do to avoid ethnocentrism?

Show respect for the cultures and people they address

What is the central idea of a speech with the following main points? I. Isabel Baumfree was born into slavery in the state of New York during the 1790s. II. After undergoing a conversion experience and changing her name to Sojourner Truth, she began preaching during the 1840s. III. Over the next few decades, she became a celebrated speaker for various reform causes.

Sojourner Truth was born into slavery, underwent a conversion experience, and became a speaker for various reform causes.

What five elements of speech delivery are discussed in this chapter with regard to presenting your first speech?

The five elements of speech delivery discussed in this chapter with regard to presenting your first speech are starting your speech, gestures, eye contact, voice, and dealing with nerves.

What steps should you take when rehearsing your first speech?

The most important step to take when rehearsing your first speech is to practice a great deal. More specifically, you need to rehearse your speech out loud to master the content; reviewing your notes in silence is not sufficient. Once you have rehearsed out loud enough to feel comfortable with the speech, ask your friends and family to listen and give you constructive feedback. While practicing, you should also time your speech to be certain it is neither too short nor too long.

What two major steps are discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech?

The two major steps discussed in this chapter for developing your introductory speech are preparing your speech and delivering your speech.

Because each person has a different frame of reference, the meaning of a message will never be exactly the same to a listener as to a speaker.

True

Because people have different frames of reference, a public speaker must take care to adapt her or his message to the particular audience being addressed.

True

Even though the Internet is often informal, you should dress as professionally for an online speech as for an in-person one.

True

In a preparation outline, the most important ideas are placed farthest to the left and the less important ideas are placed progressively farther to the right.

True

It is normal—even desirable—to be nervous at the start of a speech.

True

Presenting a speech online is more challenging and time-consuming than delivering an in-person speech.

True

Public speaking and ordinary conversation are similar in that both involve adapting to listener feedback.

True

Using visual aids can help a speaker combat stage fright.

True

Usually you should use only two fonts on any single presentation technology slide—one for the title or major headings, another for subtitles or other text.

True

You should usually work out the exact wording of the introduction after you have finished preparing the body of your speech.

True

Which recommendation is a way to help you deal with nervousness in your speeches?

Work especially hard on your introduction

A preparation outline should include

a specific purpose statement a central idea connectives

When using presentation technology, you should

all answers are correct

is the belief that one's own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures.

all answers are correct

The following visual aid is an example of a _____________

chart

When you advocate a highly unpopular position, it is particularly important to ____________ in the introduction of your speech

establish goodwill toward the audience

It is crucial to fit all the information you want your audience to retain on a single chart.

false

One advantage of using video in a speech is that it involves less work than other kinds of visual aids.

false

Identify the flaw in the following specific purpose statement: "Why should the university raise tuition?"

it is expressed as a question

If you were delivering a speech about unemployment and wanted to show changes in the unemployment rate over the last decade, you should use a ____________ graph

line

The following visual aid is an example of a ____________ graph

line

A direct appeal to your audience for action is most appropriate in the conclusion of a(n) ____________speech

persuasive

The following visual aid is an example of a ____________ graph

pie

a _______ identifies the main points to be discussed in the body of the speech.

preview statement

is usually the last element of a speech introduction and provides a smooth lead-in to the body of the speech.

preview statement

A _________ online speech is created for an audience that will view it online as it is being delivered, often using software designed specifically for that purpose.

real time

An excellent way to give your speech psychological unity is to conclude by

referring to ideas in the introduction.

As your textbook explains, even when you use other interest-arousing lures in a speech introduction, you should always ____________

relate the topic to the audience

If you want to use a photograph as a visual aid for a speech, your textbook recommends that you

show the photograph to the audience by using presentation technology.

A pie graph should ideally have from two to five segments.

true

Even if the audience already knows your speech topic, you should usually restate it clearly and concisely at some point in the introduction.

true

One of the challenges facing real-time online speakers is that they must learn a software program designed for such speeches—and be able to operate it flawlessly during the speech.

true

Sometimes you can use your own body as a visual aid.

true