Spine & Thorax
rotation toward the side you are palpating
To distinguish the trapezius fibers from the splenius capitis fibers, you can ask your partner to perform what movement of the head and the neck?
cervical lordosis
What is the name of the anterior curve of the vertebral column in the neck?
trapezius and rhomboids
When exploring between the scapulae, through which muscle tissue must you palpate to access the erector spinae fibers?
rectus abdominis
Which abdominal muscle creates the "washboard" look?
transverse abdominis
Which abdominal muscle plays a major role in forced exhalation?
rectus abdominis
Which abdominal muscle runs vertically from the rib cage to the pubic crest?
multifidi
Which are the only muscles with fibers that lie across the posterior surface of the sacrum?
top of the iliac crest
Which bony landmark is often horizontal to the level of the spinous process of L-4?
superior angle of the scapula
Which bony landmark is often horizontal to the level of the spinous processes of T-2?
lateral
Which edge of the quadratus lumborum is most accessible?
anterior part of the iliac crest
Which is a part of the insertion of the external oblique?
internal surface of lower three ribs
Which is a part of the insertion of the internal oblique?
mastoid process
Which is a part of the insertion of the splenius capitis?
iliac crest
Which is a part of the origin of the internal oblique?
internal surface of lower six ribs
Which is a part of the origin of the transverse abdominis?
spinous processed of the lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebra
Which is the insertion of the multifidi and rotatores?
transverse process of the atlas (C-1)
Which is the insertion of the oblique capitis inferior?
between the nuchal lines of the occiput
Which is the insertion of the oblique capitis superior?
last rib, transverse processes of 1st-4th lumbar vertebrae
Which is the insertion of the quadratus lumborum?
cartilage of the fifth, sixth, and seventh ribs and xyphoid process
Which is the insertion of the rectus abdominis?
inferior nuchal line of the occiput
Which is the insertion of the rectus capitis posterior major?
inferior nuchal line of the occiput
Which is the insertion of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of occiput
Which is the insertion of the semispinalis capitis?
abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba
Which is the insertion of the transverse abdominis?
sacrum and transverse processes or lumbar through cervical vertebrae
Which is the origin of the multifidi?
spinous process of the axis (C-2)
Which is the origin of the oblique capitis inferior?
transverse process of the atlas (C-1)
Which is the origin of the oblique capitis superior?
posterior iliac crest
Which is the origin of the quadratus lumborum?
pubic crest, pubic symphysis
Which is the origin of the rectus abdominis?
spinous process of the axis (C-2)
Which is the origin of the rectus capitis posterior major?
tubercle of the posterior arch of the atlas (C-1)
Which is the origin of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
transverse processes of C-4 to T-5
Which is the origin of the semispinalis capitis?
inferior one-half of ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C-7 to T-4
Which is the origin of the splenius capitis?
rotation to the left
Which movement of the head and neck would lengthen the fibers of the oblique capitis inferior on the right side of the body?
rotation to the right
Which movement of the head and neck would shorten the fibers of the rectus capitis posterior major on the right side of the body?
rotation to the right
Which movement of the vertebral column will lengthen the fibers of the multifidi on the right side of the body?
rotation to the left
Which movement of the vertebral column with shorten the fibers of the splenius capitis on the left side of the body?
rotation to the right
Which movement of the vertebral column would lengthen the fibers of the external oblique on the right side of the body?
flexion
Which movement of the vertebral column would shorten the fiber of the rectus abdominis?
extension
Which movement of the vertebral column would shorten the fibers of the erector spinae muscles?
rotation to the right
Which movement of the vertebral column would shorten the fibers of the internal oblique on the right side of the body?
lateral flexion to the left
Which movement would lengthen the fibers of the quadratus lumborum on the right side of the body?
internal oblique on the left side
Which muscle act as an antagonist to the rotatores during rotation of the vertebral column to the right side?
external oblique
Which muscle acts as a synergist with the internal oblique during flexion of the vertebral column?
iliocostalis on right side
Which muscle acts as a synergist with the quadratus lumborum during lateral flexion of the vertebral column to the right?
rectus abdominis
Which muscle acts as an antagonist to the multifidi during extension of the vertebral column?
semispinalis capitis
Which muscle of the transversospinalis group attaches to the cranium?
suboccipitals
Which muscles can be outlined by finding the spinous process of C-2, the transvers processes of C-1 and the space between the superior nuchial line and C-2?
extension
Which of movement of the vertebral column will shorten the fibers of the semispinalis capitis on the right side of the body?
transverse processes of the lower cervicals
Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the iliocostalis?
mastoid processes of the temporal bone
Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the longissimus?
spinous processes of cervicals, except C-1
Which of the following is a part of the insertion of the spinalis?
posterior surfaces of ribs 1-12
Which of the following is a part of the origin of the iliocostalis?
spinous processes of the upper lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae
Which of the following is a part of the origin of the spinalis?
transverse processes of the upper five thoracic vertebrae
Which of the following is a part of the origin of the the longissimus?
quadratus lumborum
Which of the following is actually an abdominial muscle located on the posterior side of the thorax?
rotate vertebral column to the opposite side
Which of the following is an action of the external oblique?
laterally flex vertebral column to the same side
Which of the following is an action of the iliocostalis?
rotate vertebral column to the same side
Which of the following is an action of the internal oblique?
rock and tilt the head back into extension
Which of the following is an action of the oblique capitis superior?
laterally tilt the pelvis
Which of the following is an action of the quadratus lumborum?
rock and tilt the head back into extension
Which of the following is an action of the rectus capitis posterior minor?
rotate the vertebral column to the opposite side
Which of the following is an action of the rotatores?
extend the vertebral column and head
Which of the following is an action of the semispinalis capitis?
extend the vertebral column
Which of the following is an action of the spinalis?
rotate head and neck to same side
Which of the following is an action of the splenius capitis?
compress abdominial contents
Which of the following is an action of the transverse abdominis?
erector spinae
Which of the following muscles of the spine are the most superficial?
longissimus
Which of the muscles in the erector spinae group have an attachment on the skull?
lumbar
Which portion of the spine is designed to support the weight of the upper body?
splenius capitis
Which primarily deep muscle can be accessed in the cervical region where it is superficial between the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid?
cervical
Which section of the vertebral column is capable of the most movement?
thoracic
Which section of the vertebral column is compromised of 12 vertebrae?
oblique capitis inferior
Which suboccipital muscle does not attach at the occiput?
T-7
Which vertebra is often horizontal to the level of the inferior angle of the scapula?
C-7
Which vertebrae can be located at the base of the neck?
external oblique
You are palpating lateral to the edge of the rectus abdominis and the fibers you feel are superficial and running at an angle. which muscle is this?
lamina groove of thoracic lumbar vertebrae
As a group, the transversospinalis muscles can be most easily located in which area?
7
How many "true ribs" do we have on each side of the body?
trapezius
The edge of which muscle is especially useful in locating the suboccipitals?
laterally flex vertebral column to the same side
Which of the following is an action of the longissimus?
extend the vertebral column
Which of the following is an action of the multifidi?
rotate the head to the same side
Which of the following is an action of the oblique capitis inferior?
12
How many ribs do we have on each side of the body?
24
How many vertebrae form the vertebral column?
diagonal
In contrast to the erector spinae group, the fibers of the tranversospinalis group run in which direction?
quadratus lumborum
Locating the last rib, posterior iliac crest and the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae wll help you to isolate which muscle tissue?
thoracolumbar aponeurosis
The erectors lie deep in the lumbar region to what connective tissue structure?
two to four
The multifidi span between how many vertebrae?
one to two
The rotatores span between how many vertebrae?
sternum and rib cage
The thorax is compromised of which two structures
T-12
The twelfth rib is often horizontal to the level of which vertebra?
alternately raise and lower feet
To contract the lower fibers of the erector spinae group from a prone position, you can ask your partner to perform what action?
"hike up your hip"
What could you ask your partner to do so you can differentiate the quadratus lumborum and the erector spinae?
flex the vertebral column
Which of the following is an action of the rectus abdominis?
rotate the head to the same side
Which of the following is an action of the rectus capitis posterior major?