State of Matter and Their Changes

add in > or < symbols to show the energy levels for the states of matter solid ________ liquid ________ gas ________

< <

what are the two different types of solids?

Amorphous Crystalline

What three things are the states of matter based on?

a) particle arrangement b) energy of particles c) distance between particles

what type of changes are state changes? a) physical b) chemical

a) physical

for a solid to melt, particles must overcome some of their ___________ to each other.

attraction

surface tension and viscosity are used to describe.. a) solids b) liquids c) gases

b) liquids

What are 3 examples of solids?

book dog scissors

one property that all particles of matter have in common is they... a) never move in solids b) only move in gases c) move constantly d) none of the above

c) move constantly

the temperature of a substance does not _________ until the change of state is complete.

change

what is sublimation?

change from a solid directly to a gas

what is melting?

change from a solid to a liquid

what is a change of state?

conversion from one state to another

a solid is a state of matter that has a __________ shape and volume

definite

a liquid is a state of matter that has a ______volume but takes the _______ of its container

definite shape

is evaporation an endothermic or exothermic change?

endothermic

is melting an endothermic or exothermic change?

endothermic

is sublimation an endothermic or exothermic change?

endothermic

what is the difference between evaporation and boiling?

evaporation happens below boiling point and only at the surface of a liquid and boiling happens at the boiling point and in the middle or bottom of a liquid.

is condensation an endothermic or exothermic change?

exothermic

is freezing an endothermic or exothermic change?

exothermic

boiling water can reach a temperature of 105°C (true of false)

false

condensation is the change of state from a liquid to a gas (true or false)

false

one of the physical characteristics is that a gas can _______________________________________.

fill a container of any size or shape

what is viscosity?

fluid's resistance to flow

why will gallium melt in your hand but not table salt?

gallium has a lower melting point

Which states of matter ARE compressible?

gases

Which states of matter assume the shape and volume of their container?

gases

Which states of matter have lots of free space between particles?

gases

Which states of matter has particles that can move past one another?

gases, liquids

Does a solid have a shape of its own or take the shape of the container its placed in?

has shape of its own

What are 3 examples of gases?

helium steam smoke

What are the names for the three different states of water?

ice, water, water vapor

boiling occurs when the __________ pressure of a substance is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

inside

what is an endothermic change?

its when heat is added

what is an exothermic change?

its when heat is removed

the particles of a gas have _______ attraction between them than do particles of the same substance in the solid or liquid state

less

Which states of matter assume the shape of the part of the container which they occupy?

liquids, gases

Which states of matter flow easily?

liquids, gases

the attraction between a solid is _______ than the attraction between the particles of the same substance in a liquid or a gaseous state.

more

atoms in a liquid have ______ energy than atoms in a solid, so the easiest way to change a solid to a liquid is to add _______. When changing from a solid to a liquid, there is a magic temperature for every substance called the _____________________.

more heat (thermal energy) melting point

for a gas to become a liquid, large numbers of particles must clump together. Particles clump together when the attraction between them overcomes their ________.

motion

for a liquid to freeze, the attractions between the particles must overcome the ________ of the particles.

motion

Does a gas have a definite shape? (yes or no)

no

Does a gas have a definite volume? (yes or no)

no

Does a liquid have a definite shape? (yes or no)

no

are the atoms in a solid allowed to move around much? (yes or no)

no

particles in a gas _________________ and move __________ at high speeds.

separate around

particles in a liquid ______________, move about, and ___________________________.

separate slide past each other

particles in a gas are well _________ with _____ regular arrangement

separated no

a gas is a state of matter that has no definite ______ or _________

shape volume

solids vibrate, but the motion of a liquid could be described as the particles ________ past each other

sliding

What are 3 examples of plasma?

solar wind lightning auroras

Which states of matter are rigid-particles locked into place?

solids

Which states of matter do not flow easily?

solids

Which states of matter retain a fixed volume and shape?

solids

Which states of matter are NOT easily compressible?

solids, liquids

Which states of matter have little free space between their particles?

solids, liquids

what are the four states of matter?

solids, liquids, gases, plasmas

gases are really ________________ and the atoms and molecules are full of __________, bouncing around constantly.

spread out energy

particles in a liquid are _______________ with _______ regular arrangement

spread out some

Does a gas have a shape of its own or take the shape of the container its placed in?

takes the shape of the container its placed in

Does a liquid have a shape of its own or take the shape of the container its placed in?

takes the shape of the container its placed in

what is a freezing point?

temperature at which something changes from a liquid to a solid

what is a melting point?

temperature at which something changes from a solid to a liquid

one characteristic of a liquid is that it fills _________________________

the shape of any container its in

what is surface tension?

the tension between the particles of the surface of a liquid

particles in a solid are _________, usually in a regular pattern

tightly packed

dry ice is an example of sublimation (true or false)

true

the only type of movement particles in a solid do is _______

vibrate

particles in a solid ______________ (jiggle) but generally do not _________________.

vibrate move from place to place

What are 3 examples of liquids?

water dogs drool blood

what is freezing?

when a liquid changes to a solid

Does a liquid have a definite volume? (yes or no)

yes

Does a solid have a definite shape? (yes or no)

yes

Does a solid have a definite volume? (yes or no)

yes

if a substance changes from one phase to another, is it still the same substance? (yes or no)

yes