Statistics Chapter 1

What is the value of (ΣX)2 for the following scores 4, 1, 2, 3

100

What is the value of Σ(X + 1) for the following scores 4, 1, 2, 3

14

Calculate ∑x for the following values: 5, 3 , 4 , 6

18

Calculate ∑(X +1) for the following values: 5, 3 , 4 , 6

22

What is the value of ΣX2 for the following scores 4, 1, 2, 3

30

Calculate (∑x)2 for the following values: 5, 3 , 4 , 6

324

What is the value of Σ(X + 1)2 for the following scores 4, 1, 2, 3

54

Calculate ∑x2 for the following values: 5, 3 , 4 , 6

86

An example of an operational definition for anxiety is a:

a score on an anxiety questionnaire.

Participants in a study on the effects of Viagra are assigned to groups. One group receives a sugar pill while the other group receives Viagra. The number of erections over 30 days is recorded by participants in a journal. In this example, what is the independent variable?

the Viagra

Dr. Hart is interested in the role of relationships in preventing heart disease. As her patients come into her office in Bluebell, Alabama, she asks them two questions: Are you a in a relationship? Have you experienced any heart problems in the last 8 years? Based on her findings, she concludes that relationships cause cardiovascular (heart) problems. One issue with her methodology is that the results are not generalizable. What does this mean?

Her results may not be true for the entire population.

Identify the scale of measurement for personality type introvert and extrovert.

Nominal

Identify the scale of measurement for high self-esteem, medium self-esteem and low self-esteem.

Ordinal

Identify the scale of measure for the amount of time spent completing a cognitive brain training activity.

Ratio

Which is an example of a continuous variable?

Reaction time on a visual spatial test

The relationship between population and parameter is the same as the relationship between:

Sample and statistic

Using an experimental research design, researchers manipulate the ________ variable and measure the ________ variable.

independent, dependent

Betty decided to conduct an experiment on the effectiveness of a new anti-anxiety pill. She decided that participants who had been diagnosed with anxiety would be in the treatment group and participants who had never been treated for anxiety would be the control group. Which aspect of proper research design did Betty ignore?

random assignment

The average IQ (intelligence quotient) score for the entire class of entering freshmen is 105. However, if you select a sample of n = 20 freshmen and compute their average IQ score you probably will not get exactly 105. What statistical concept is used to explain the natural difference that exists between a sample mean and the corresponding population mean?

sampling error

A sleep researcher investigated the relationship between sleep and college students' cognitive performance, as measured by a standard test. Forty students (n = 40) from a state college were recruited to participate in a two-week sleep study. The average number of hours of sleep per night was 6.8. Would the average number of sleep hours be a parameter of statistic?

statistic