stats ch 12

A researcher conducts a 2 × 3 between-subjects ANOVA. She finds a significant interaction, where = 120 and = 518. What is the effect size for this test using eta-squared?

.23

A researcher computes a 2 × 3 factorial ANOVA. In this example, how many interactions can be observed?

1

There are ______ cells or groups in a 3 × 4 ANOVA design.

12

A researcher computes a 3 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA. What are the degrees of freedom for Factor A for this study?

2

There are ______ factors in a 2 × 3 ANOVA design.

2

A researcher computes a 2 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA. What are the degrees of freedom for Factor B for this study?

3

A researcher computes a 2 × 3 between-subjects ANOVA in which 6 participants are observed in each cell. What are the degrees of freedom error for this study?

30

Not including the total variation, how many sources of variation are measured in a two-way between-subjects ANOVA?

4

A researcher computes a 3 × 5 between-subjects ANOVA. What are the degrees of freedom for the A × B interaction for this study?

8

Using a two-way between-subjects ANOVA with Factor A (gender: male, female) and Factor B (type of employment: blue collar, white collar), a researcher found that scores for men and women significantly varied across the levels of the second factor (type of employment). In this study, the researcher found a significant ______.

A × B interaction

A researcher computes two 2 × 2 between-subjects ANOVAs. In Study 1, he observes 8 participants in each cell; in Study 2, he observes 12 participants in each cell. Which study is associated with a larger value for degrees of freedom for the A × B interaction?

Both studies have the same degrees of freedom for the A × B interaction.

A researcher randomly measures social adjustment among children from different family backgrounds (levels of Factor A: divorced, married, single) who engaged in one of five social activities (Factor B). For this study, 10 children were observed in each group. If = 10, = 12, = 48, and = 405, then which effect was significant at a .05 level using the two-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Factor B (social activities)

A researcher computes the following 2 × 3 between-subjects ANOVA, in which 11 participants were observed in each group. Which effect was significant at a .05 level of significance using the two-way between-subjects ANOVA?

Factor B and the A × B interaction

A researcher conducts two studies using the two-way between-subjects ANOVA. The sum of squares total is smaller in Study 1 than in Study 2; the sum of squares for Factor A is the same in both studies. In which study will the effect size be larger for Factor A using omega-squared?

Study 1

Which of the following is not an assumption for computing a two-way between-subjects ANOVA?

There is homogeneity of variance and homogeneity of covariance.

A simple main effect test is appropriate for analyzing which significant result?

a significant interaction

The statistical procedure used to analyze the simple main effects of an interaction is called ______.

a simple main effect test

A researcher groups college students in a study based on their year in college (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior) and the type of college they attend (junior, technical, university). He concludes that perceptions of academic cheating are more positive among freshman attending junior college. To reach this conclusion, which statistical test would need to be computed?

all of these a two-way between-subjects ANOVA b. a simple main effect test c. a post hoc test

The means and standard error or standard deviations measured in a study can be summarized in ______.

all of these Answers:a. a figureb. a tablec. the main text of a report

For the effects of a two-way between-subjects ANOVA, which values must be known to compute effect size using omega-squared?

all of these Answers:a. mean squaresb. sum of squaresc. degrees of freedom

The complexity of the two-way ANOVA differs from that of the t tests and the one-way ANOVAs in that ______.

all of these Answers:a. two factors can be observed using the two-way ANOVA, but not using the t tests and the one-way ANOVAsb. an interaction can be observed using the two-way ANOVA, but not using the t tests and the one-way ANOVAsc.three hypothesis are made with one statistical test using the two-way ANOVA, but not using the t tests and the one-way ANOVAs

An estimate of effect size with the two-way ANOVA is typically reported for ______.

both A and B

A ______ is the combination of one level from each factor.

cell

A researcher computes a 3 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA and finds one significant main effect and a significant interaction. What is typically the next appropriate step?

compute simple main effect tests for the interaction

A researcher computes a 4 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA and finds two significant main effects and a significant interaction. What is typically the next appropriate step?

compute simple main effect tests for the interaction

To summarize any type of two-way ANOVA using APA format, we report each of the following except the ______.

critical values

Computing a two-way between-subjects ANOVA is appropriate when ______.

different participants are assigned to each group or cell

For a two-way ANOVA, the ______ should also be reported for each significant hypothesis test and for the simple main effect tests.

effect size

The denominator of the test statistic for the main effects and interaction in a two-way between-subjects ANOVA ______.

is equal to mean square error

Using an A × B ANOVA, a researcher concludes that Factor A is significant, independent of Factor B. In this study, this researcher found a significant ______.

main effect of Factor A

Which of the following hypotheses identifies a prediction that requires that two factors be observed in the same statistical design?

mood will improve most when people consume foods that are high in sugar and fat

A researcher conducts a 2 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA in which 12 participants were observed in each group. If = 18 and = 264, then what is the decision for Factor A at a .05 level of significance using the two-way between-subjects ANOVA?

reject the null hypothesis

A researcher conducts a 2 × 4 between-subjects ANOVA in which 12 participants were observed in each group. If = 18 and = 264 for this study, then what is the decision for Factor B at a .05 level of significance?

retain the null hypothesis

For the effects of a two-way between-subjects ANOVA, which values must be known to compute effect size using eta-squared?

sum of squares

Which source of variation, if significant, is typically analyzed first?

the interaction

For an analysis of variance, the term "two-way" refers to ______.

the number of factors in the design

The following is a summary of a significant interaction for a two-way ANOVA: F(2, 30) = 2.04, p < .05 ( = .15). Assuming the test statistic value is correct, then which of the following must be incorrect in this report?

the p value

A researcher computes a two-way between-subjects ANOVA and finds a significant A × B interaction and two main effects. Which significant effect should typically be analyzed first?

the significant interaction

A researcher computes a two-way between-subjects ANOVA and finds a significant main effect of Factor A and an A × B interaction. Which significant effect should typically be analyzed first?

the significant interaction

Which of the following correctly identifies each source of variation in the two-way between-subjects ANOVA?

two main effects, one interaction, and error

A professor compares the exam grades of students based on whether they have a learning disability (yes, no) and where they sit in the classroom (in the front, middle, or back row). Different participants were observed in each group. What type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

two-way between-subjects ANOVA

A researcher measures differences in recall between participants watching a regular or a 3-D movie clip with a romance, drama, or action theme. Different participants were observed in each group. What type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

two-way between-subjects ANOVA

A researcher records the amount of time spent studying by male and female college students in a dormitory versus a library setting. Different participants were observed in each group. What type of statistical design is appropriate for this study?

two-way between-subjects ANOVA

A researcher computes a 2 × 3 between-subjects ANOVA test in which 11 participants were observed in each condition. If F = 5.20 for both main effect tests and the A × B interaction test, then the decision for each test ______.

will be significant for both main effects and the A × B interaction

Which of the following is a reason why it can be necessary to include two factors in the same statistical design?

your hypothesis may require that you observe two factors