Stellar Evolution

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planetary nebula

a cloud of gases and dust that surrounds a white dwarf

protostar

a collection of gases that begins to heat, ultimately reaching the density and temperature at which hydrogen fusion can begin

white dwarf

a former red giant star that has completed helium fusion, collapsed, and is cooling

If the core of a supernova contains about one solar mass, the core will become a _____.

a neutron star

supernova

a red supergiant that collapses and explodes after it has expended its fuel for nuclear fusion reactions

black hole

a region of space with matter so dense that light cannot escape it

red giant

a star that has expended its hydrogen fuel, expanded in size, and begun fusing helium or heavier elements in its core

main sequence star

a star that is fueled by hydrogen fusion into helium

If the core of a supernova explosion contains three or more solar masses of matter, the core will most likely become a _____.

black hole

nebula

enormous cloud of gas and dust in space

A neutron star that spins and emits beams of energy is called a _____.

pulsar

Small main sequence stars may continue undergoing hydrogen fusion for hundreds of billions of years. These stars are called _____.

red dwarfs

After its main sequence existence, a medium-sized star, like our Sun, will become a _____.

red giant

If a star is massive, it will remain in the main sequence _____ a smaller star.

shorter than

red dwarf

small main sequence star that fuses hydrogen for tens or hundreds of billions of years

A protostar is _____.

the stage before a star becomes a main sequence star

When a red giant completes helium fusion and collapses, it becomes a ______.

white dwarf


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