Stress & Stress Management - Chapter 5

Which statement best demonstrates internal locus of control thinking? - "My parents add to my stress because they don't give me any money for car payments." - "Making a schedule and planning my time will help me reduce my stress levels." - "I am stressed because my friends never ask my opinion about what we should do on the weekend." - "I wouldn't be so stressed if my teachers didn't give us so much homework." - "I would get to class on time if this school provided more parking for students."

"Making a schedule and planning my time will help me reduce my stress levels."

Perception

A person's cognitive (mental) interpretation of events.

external locus of control

a belief that whatever happens to one is unrelated to one's own behavior; what happens to a person is beyond his or her control

Cognition

a mental process that consists of thinking and reasoning skills

The healthy response to things over which we have no controls is:

acceptance, allowance, and a go-with-the-flow attitude

self-efficacy

belief in one's ability to accomplish a goal or change a behavior

Stress is a coupled action of the ____ & ____ involving ______ of a threat.

body; mind; appraisal

_____ _____ involves first awareness, and then correction, of these distorted, mistaken thoughts.

cognitive restructuring

The characteristics of a hardy individual are ______.

commitment, challenge, and control

There is a relationship between the amount of _____ we think we have and the corresponding amount of ____ that we feel.

control; stress

Control

deeply held belief that one can directly influence a situation

premature cognitive commitments

efforts to bring about results that coincide with one's self-limiting beliefs

True or False: Individuals with an external locus of control are more likely to take responsibility for the fact that they influence what happens in their life.

false

True or False: The characteristics of hardiness are genetically passed through the parents' DNA to their children.

false

self-limiting beliefs

faulty notion that one does not have the ability to carry out specific tasks

A hardy individual is someone who: 3) Perceives oneself as capable of:

having an influence on events (control)

A hardy individual is someone who: 2) Sees change as:

healthy and as an opportunity for growth (challenge)

Our _____ become our reality, regardless of:

how true or false they may be

A hardy individual is someone who: 1) Views potentially stressful events as:

interesting and meaningful (commitment)

It is estimated that in reality most Americans are in actual danger _____% of the time.

less than 1

Cognitive appraisal

our interpretation of a stressor

The way we ______ or _____ those events is what causes us to feel stress.

perceive; interpret

_____ is perhaps the most critical aspect in preventing unnecessary and unhealthy stress.

perception

POPP

point of positive perception

Point of ____ Perception = _____

positive; prevention

Cognitive functioning allows us to:

react independently to the same situation

Cognitive restructuring is sometimes referred to as _____.

reframing

Whenever we sense a potential for danger of any kind, the fight or flight response is a perfect way to help us _____.

survive the threat

Perception is modified by:

temperament and experience

Hardiness

term used to describe a combination of personality characteristics including the traits of commitment, challenge, and control

internal locus of control

the belief that your own actions result in specific outcomes, that what you experience is based on your actions and efforts

cognitive restructuring

the mental act of changing the meaning or changing our interpretation of the environmental events in life; sometimes called reframing

cognitive distortion

the source of excess stress in which interpretations become distorted and magnified out of proportion to their seriousness

locus of control (LOC)

the way we ascribe our chances of success or failure in the future venture to either internal or external causes

Stress is a coupled action of the body and mind, involving appraisal of a potential _____.

threat

True or False: Individuals who display hardiness tend to view potentially stressful events as interesting and meaningful.

true

True or False: The key message of the POPP formula for stress prevention is that your perception becomes your reality

true