stupid art history/ Indigenous America and Ancient Greek

The symbol of the snake could mean?

Correct Answer: It reflects the idea of transmutation

The Feather serpent is one guise of which Mesoamerican deity?

Correct Answer: Quetzalcoatl Quetzalcoatl was one of the most important figures in the traditional mythologies of Mesoamerica. As deity, culture hero, or legendary ruler, Quetzalcoatl appeared in some of the region's most powerful and enduring stories. He represented life, motion, laughter, health, sexuality, and the arts and crafts of civilization, such as farming, cooking, and music. The name Quetzalcoatl means "Feathered Serpent." It brings together the magnificent green-plumed quetzal bird, symbolizing the heavens and the wind, and the snake, symbolizing the earth and fertility. Quetzalcoatl's name can also be translated as "precious twin," and in some myths, he had a twin brother named Xolotl, who had a human body and the head of a dog or of an ocelot, a spotted wildcat.

. What event is chronicled on the frieze of the Parthenon in Greece

Correct Answer: The Procession of the Peplos

The Acropolis's Parthenon is a good example of which Greek order of architecture?

Doric: doric order one of the three orders of Greek architecture (the others being Ionic and Corinthian). has a lower part (echinus) that is "convex and cushionlike." It also had a frieze divided into triglyphs and metopes. Most importantly, it is massive, with sturdy columns and heavy builds. It also had sharp ridges and was typically severely plain, with fewer decorations than Ionic order architecture.

repousse

Repousse a technique in which a relief is formed on the front by hammering a metal plate from the back

Eastern Shohone:

artists decorated the hides with geometric or figural motifs. painted on elk, deer, or buffalo hides using natural pigments like red ochre and chalk, and eventually paints and dyes obtained through trade.

Black figure and red figure

black figure: black objects and red background vice versa

10. The Altar of Zeus at Pergamon alludes to a victory of the Pergamenes over the ___________ in the 3rd century BCE

Gauls

Kourus

This noble figure of a youth is one of the earliest freestanding marble statues from Attica, the region around Athens. It is a type of sculpture known as a kouros (male youth), characteristically depicted nude with the left leg striding forward and hands clenched at the side. Most kouroi were made in the Archaic period, between the late seventh and early fifth centuries B.C., and are believed to have served as grave markers or as dedications in the sanctuary of a god. Although this Greek kouros looks stiff and unnaturalistic to us, it exemplifies two important aspects of Archaic Greek art—an interest in lifelike vitality and a concern with design.

.Many works of art are intended to convey an interpretation of a culture's religious views. Select and completely identify one work of art that conveys an interoperation of a culture's religious views. Identify the intended audience of the work. Describe the religious content that the work is intended to convey. Then using specific visual and contextual evidence, analyze how the work conveys that Religious view.

Your Answer: A certain work of art that conveys an interpretation of a culture's religious views is the Templo Mayor.The Templo Mayor is the main stone temple built in Tenochtitlan around 1375-1520 CE. This temple was where sacrifice rituals and ceremonies took place. The religious content it is intended to convey is that the Aztecs believed that each god controls a part of nature and believed in pleasing the gods through sacrifices, which were often times violent. The Templo Mayor consisted of two pyramids, dedicated to the deity of water/rain and the other deity represented fire/sun. This was their intended audience.These gods represented how Mexica got their power and wealth. This is an example of how the people represented their gods in their culture.The temple structures on top of each pyramid were dedicated to and housed the images of the two important deities. At the top of the Tlaloc temple is a sculpture of a male holding a vessel on his abdomen likely to receive offerings. This sculpture represented the rain god and symbolized the offerings and sacrifices the people would make for their gods. At the temple, there were many items that represented sacrifice, like human skull masks. This shows how the Aztecs were known for their aggressive religion, which included blood letting and human sacrifice. This temple was a building for bloody sacrifices. Ceremonies would take place here and prisoners would be taking to the top of the temples and they would be sliced with knives. Their bodies would then be kicked down. This context conveys how the Aztecs believed in satisfying their gods with bloody sacrifices, tying back to their religious views.

A female figure used as an architectural support was known as a

Your Answer: Caryatid

Ionic style is the

Your Answer: Temple of Athena Nike, Acropolis During the Archaic era a small temple stood on the site that faced an altar to its east. This building was destroyed by the Persians in 480 BCE along with the rest of the Acropolis, and was not rebuilt until 435 BCE. The Classical temple that has survived was completed in 420 BCE. From several ancient accounts and by Pausanias we know the statue of Athena Nike in its cella was made of wood and held a pomegrade in the right hand and a helmet in the left. Since it had no wings, as it was customary for Nike statues of the time, the temple acquired the name Apteros Nike (wing-less victory). It is said that the statue was deprived of wings so it could never leave the city of Athens. Ionic Order The column shaft slender with twenty-four flutes separated by broad, flattened arrises. The column has an elaborately carved base. The capital consists of two hanging volutes, beneath which is an ornamental area, and above a thin abacus. The architrave carved with three flat undecorated projecting bands. The frieze is continuous flat surface that may been decorated with sculpture or painted.

The work in the top image is the Calendar Stone from Templo Mayor. This work addresses the presentation of time. How did the artist go about portraying the Aztec's ideas of time? Who was the Audience for each work? Using specific visual AND contextual evidence, compare how theses elements are used to reinforce the function of the piece. \

Your Answer: The Calendar stone is a basalt disk covered with carvings about the calendar signs.The artist carved the Aztec calendar stone in 1479 and it was dedicated to the sun god, Tonatuih. This represents the Aztecs understanding of time and space as being wheels within wheels. The carvings on the surface shows the knowledge of the gods and the heavens. The Aztecs believed that the era was formed by two gods that sacrificed themselves, which caused the sun god, shown in the middle of the stone, to be set into motion. According to the Mexica, gods created the world 4 times before the present era so on the stone, there are four squares that surround the sun god at the center. These squares represent the 4 previous creations and suns that were destroyed(jaguars,wind,rain,and water). The fifth sun represents the Aztecs belief that the world will end because of an earthquake.Next are 20 signs.this represents the days of the month.Next are big 4 arrows that are pointed in the 4 directions, which represents the the 4 quadrants of the Aztec empire.The fire serpents at the end are used for the time and as carrying the sun across the sky. All of these elements represented the Aztecs understand of time.At the edge are 8 holes. Sticks are placed in these, in order to use the calendar as a sundial.

The images show an overview and a detail of the Parthenon. Why was this site chosen for the Parthenon? Using specific visual and contextual evidence, explaine how the sculptural program of the Parthenin addresses BOTH the religious function of the building AND its political significance?

Your Answer: The Parthenon is a marble temple dedicated to the goddess Athena. It is located on a hill, overlooking the city of the athens.This site was chosen to show the authority of the building and connect the temple closer to Athena and the gods.The Parthenon is a temple in the doric order with eight columns. The building was made of white marble and is covered in sculptures and has elements that represent the political and religious functions.The main purpose of the Parthenon was as a temple for Athena.The temple kept gold statue of Athena to honor her and worship. This was done to also show how great of a leader Athena was to the Greeks. The Parthenon frieze showed the athens in company of the gods.This shows power because it is intended to say that the gods are on the athens sides. Politically, the parthenon shows the power of the city and the gold and geometric technique of the building shows the talent and power of the athens.

he artist intended the kwakwaka wakw transformation mask to be experienced in all of the following ways EXCEPT

Your Answer: musically clanking and rattling while the wearer moved Kwakwaka'wakw (Indians that inhabited the pacific north America..Canada) What are the three main colors of the mask? black (charcoal), reddish brown (ochre), blue green (made from clay) What is the purpose of the mask? to connect/transform into the certain clan's ancestral animal What was the main belief of the Kwakwaka'wakw tribe? -all creatures are all the same except for the difference of their skin -each creature could morph into any other type of creature - when creatures became humans they took off there animal skin but that was there animal (totem) Members of clans come to ceremonial feasts (potlatch) and share their wealth to the other leaders (reciprocity... enables the clan to get more stuff) -dance performances with the masks

Early Archaic Monumental stone statues followed the Egyptian style closely. this style can be described as

Your Answer: ridged frontal left foot advancing forward

The sculpted lintel from Yaxchilan reflects Maya tradition by

privileging male role over others. Yaxchilán is located on the south bank of the Usumacinta River, in Chiapas, Mexico. It was a significant Maya center during the Classic period Lintels 24, 25 and 26, set above the three doorways of Structure 23, depict a series of rituals performed by Shield Jaguar II and his wife. Structure 21, commissioned by Bird Jaguar IV, housed lintels 15, 16 and 17. Bird Jaguar was Yaxchilán's most prolific builder and at least a dozen major structures were initiated or remodelled during his reign. In this lintel above, Bird Jaguar IV dominates a captive. Scenes representing the public display of captives occur frequently in Maya art. The capture of sacrificial victims was an essential aspect of Maya warfare, as they were necessary for many rituals. Accession rituals, for example, entailed the offering of dedicatory human sacrifices to mark the enthronement of a new ruling lord.