Survey of Life Science Final

Which of the following are the products of glycolysis

2 NADH, 2 ATP, and 2 pyruvate

How many ATP molecules result from the breakdown of one glucose molecule?

32 ATP

Cilia and fagella are locomotor appendages made of microtubules arraged in a _________ arrangement

9+2

Exergonic reaction

A chemical reaction that releases energy

Which of the following would be considered a community

All the organisms found in the Rio Grande

A noncompetitive inhibitor does which of the following to an enzyme?

Alters an enzyme function by changing its shape

Anchors cell in place to make strong tissues

Anchoring Junction

The term that describes the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell is made possible protein channel called:

Aquaporin

Which of these is not a property of all living organisms?

Are prokaryotic

A plant cell placed in distilled water (lacks ions) will _________; and animal cell placed in distilled water will________

Become turgid; burst

Which four elements constitute a majority of the human body by percentage (96%)?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

Plant cells contain a _______ vacuole that stores water, molecules, and encourages growth

Central

Chromosomes are composed of thin loosely packed ________ fibers too small to be seen

Chromatin

The tendency of molecules of the same kind to stick together

Cohesion

Which of the following molecules can be used as a fuel for cellular repsiration? A) Fats B) Proteins C) Carbohydrates D) All of the above

D) All of the above

A shortage of phosphorous in the soil would make it especially difficult for a plant to manufacture

DNA

Monomers are linked together to form polymers through which reaction?

Dehydration Reaction

Result from the specific arrangement and interactions among component parts is known as

Emergent Properties

Photosynthesis is an example of which type of chemical reaction

Endergonic reaction

In order to power the activities of lie such as: movement, growth, reproduction, and regulation which of the following is needed?

Energy

Potential energy

Energy that is stored and held in readiness

When a substance evaporates, the surface of the liquid that remains cools down

Evaporative Cooling

______ is a scientific test, often carried out in controlled conditions

Experiment

Binds Tissue cells together, supports the plasma membrane, and communicates with the cytoskeleton

Extracellular matrix

When substances move across membranes with the hep of specific transport proteins is called

Facilitated diffusion

A covalent bond is based on the transfer of electrons between two atoms (true or false)

False

A hypothesis is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence(true or false)

False

The following image of an unsaturated fatty acid is (True or False) O Glycerol Head I I I Fatty Acid Tail I I I

False

Allows ions and small molecules to flow between cells

Gap Junctions

In glycolysis, _______ is oxidized and _______ is reduced

Glucose; NAD+

Which of the following is a polysaccharide stored in muscle tissue?

Glycogen

Hypotonic

Having a lower concentration of solute than another solution

Weak bonds that are important to the chemistry of life are

Hydrogen Bonds

The cell in the image is placed in a _______ solution where solute concentration is higher outside the cell, causing it to shrink and lose H2O

Hypertonic

Which of the following fibers of the cytoskeleton reinforces cell shape and anchor cells in place?

Intermediate filaments

An atom or molecule with an electrical charge resulting from the grain or loss of one or more electrons

Ion

Two molecules that have the same chemical formula but a different structure would be referred to as

Isomer

What makes a fatty acid an acid

It has a carboxyl group that can donate an H+ to a solution

Which of the following proteins form intercellular junctions that attach adjacent cells?

Junction proteins

The transfer of energy from your feet to the pedals of a bike is known as

Kinetic Energy

Which of the following is an example of anaerobic respiration

Lactic acid fermentation

Which is the only functional group that is nonpolar

Methyl Group

Which of the following cellular organelles is not part of the endomembrane system

Mitochondria

______ are responsible for converting the energy within food to molecules of ATP

Mitochondria

a population of grey and black colored beetles colonize an area where thee soil has been blackened by a brush fire. Over time, birds gradually eat the light colored beetles while the dark ones remain. Those that remain pass on their genes for dark coloration to their offspring. This is an example of

Natural Selection

Carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14 behave identically in chemical reactions and differ in their number of

Neutrons

In which of the following are ribosomal subunits made?

Nucleolus

_______ are the monomers (building blocks) from which DNA/RNA are constructed

Nucleotides

The process of CO2 (carbon dioxide) dissolving in seawater and lowering the pH of the ocean is known as

Ocean acidification

An amoeba uses whcih type of endocytosis to engulf food material

Phagocytosis

_______ are producers and are characterized by their ability to produce food using the sun's energy

Plantae

Which of the following is NOT found in animal cells

Plasmodesmota

Which of the following best describes the structure of the plasma membrane?

Proteins embedded in two layers of phospholipids

Atoms consist of which of the following three subatomic particles

Protons, nuetrons, and electrons

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum lacks ________, which gives it a "smooth appearance"

Ribosomes

The dissolving agent in an aqueous solution is known as the

Solvent

A can of cola consists mostly of sugar dissolved in water, with some carbon dioxide gas that makes it fizzy and makes the pH less than 7. In chemical terms, you could say that cola is an aqueous solution where water is the _______, sugar is a ______, and carbon dioxide makes the solution______

Solvent; solute; acidic

Which of the following is the lowest level of taxonomic organization

Species

Red pandas have a "false thumb" which allows them to grasp bamboo and climb trees. This adaptation is an example of which of the following themes of biology:

Structure and function

The enzyme's _______ fits specifically in its _______

Substrate; active site

Measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of a liquid

Surface Tension

What feature does diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion all share?

They are all types of passive transport

Binds cells together to make leak proof sheets

Tight Junction

One characteristic common to all lipids is that they are hydrophobic

True

Proteins are the most diverse class of biological molecules in terms of their functions and structures (true or false)

True

Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Whether or not the cell is partitioned by internal membranes

Most of the unique properties of water result from the fact that water molecules

are polar and form hydrogen bonds

Which of the following is the structural and functional unit of life

cells

______ is defined as the process of change that has transformed life on Earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity of organisms living today

evolution

The primary structure of a protein is the overall three-dimensional shape of a polypeptide(true or false)

false

Junction Proteins

form intercellular junctions that attach adjacent cells

The diagram demonstrates a cell membrane which consists of ____ heads and _______ tails that help maintain its shape

hydrophilic; hydophobic

Where does oxidative phosphorylation take place?

inner mitochondrial membrane

The pH of the following solution in the beaker is most likely____

oh- oh- oh- Basic solution

The synthesis of ATP from ADP and P

stores energy in a form that can drive cellular work