SWM301

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# Schedule variance can be determined by:

D. EV - PV

# There are main processes in project communications management

# When you see the functional form of organization on the exam, think ___

"silo"

# Which of the following sequences represents straight line depreciation?

$100, $100, $100

# A research report showed that the U.S. spends ___ on projects every year

$2.3 trillion

# If a project has a 60 percent chance of a $100,000 profit and a 40 percent chance of a $100,000 loss, the expected monetary value for the project is:

$20,000 profit

# Analogous estimating:

uses actual detailed historical costs

# Suppose there is a 20 percent chance that you will earn $10,000 and a 80 percent chance that you will lose $100,000 on a particular protect. What is the projects estimated monetary value?

-$78.000

AC = 50000

-10000 -5000

# How close to actual costs should a definitive budget estimate be?

-5 percent to +10 percent

# If earned value (EV) = 350, actual cost (AC) = 400, planned value (PV) = 325, what is cost variance (CV)?

-50

# You are managing a project in a just-in-time environment. This will require more attention, because the amount of inventory in such an environment is generally:

0 percent

# If the optimistic estimate for an activity is 12 days, and the pessimistic estimate is 18 days, what is the standard deviation of this activity?

# In the WBS, the name of the entire project is the top box, called Level

# Using simplified percentage complete amounts for a one-year project with weekly reporting and an average task or work packet size of one week, you can expect about a(n) percent error rate

Which of the following describes how project requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed

A requirements management plan

# ____ involves getting the needed personnel assigned to and working on the project.

Acquiring the project team

# Which of the following could be an appropriate WBS code for a work package at the fourth level in a WBS where the top level code is 1.0?

1.2.3.4

# Communication is the key to the success of a project. As the project manager, you have three stakeholders with whom you need to communicate. As such, you have six channels of communication. A new stakeholder has been added that you also need to communicate with. How many communications channels do you have now?

# In a weighted scoring model, the sum of all of the criteria's weights must total percent.

100

# If the optimistic time estimate for an activity is 8 days, most likely time is 10 days, and pessimistic time is 24 days. What is PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) weighted average of this activity?

#53 If the optimistic time estimate for an activity is 8 days, most likely time is 10 days, and pessimistic time is 24 days. What is PERT

# If the optimistic estimate for an activity is 14 days, the most likely estimate is 15 days, and the pessimistic estimate is 19 days, what should the duration of this activity?

15.5 days

# If you add three more people to a project team of five, how many more communications channels will you add?

# In , Henry Gantt developed the famous Gantt chart as a tool for scheduling work in factories

1917

# The Manhattan Project cost almost $2 billion in

1946

# Abraham Maslow, a highly respected psychologist, rejected the dehumanizing negativism of psychology in the

1950

# The term "systems approach" emerged in the

1950s

# By the , the U.S. military and its civilian suppliers developed software to assist in managing large projects

1970s

# Most trade schools, colleges, and universities did not start offering degrees in computer technology, computer science, management information systems, or other information technology areas until the

1970s

# Assume you have a project with major categories called planning, analysis, design, and testing. What level of the WBS would these items fall under?

# In the WBS, the main groupings for the work are listed in Level

# Human resource management includes processes

# What is one of the key problems with using crashing rather than fast tracking to compress project duration?

2.Budget constraints

# If a risk has a 20 percent chance of happening in a given month, and the project is expected to last five months, what is the probability that this risk event will occur during the fourth month of the project?

20 percent

If estimates for total discounted benefits for a project are $120,000 and total discounted costs are $100,000, what is the estimated return on investment (ROI)?

20 percent

# A research report showed that the U.S. spends the equivalent of percent of the nation's gross domestic product on projects every year

Approximately what percentage pf the world's gross domestic product is spent on project?

25%

# Six Sigma's target for perfection is the achievement of no more than defects, errors, or mistakes per million opportunities.

3.4

# If estimates for total discounted benefits for a project are $130,000 and total discounted costs are $100,000, what is the estimated return on investment (ROI)?

30 percent

# Three separate surveys of software project cost overruns found that the average cost overrun for all of the projects in their survey samples (not just unsuccessful projects) were percent

33-34

# Work arounds are determined during which step of risk management?

4.Risk monitoring and control

# An item you need for a project has a daily lease cost of $200

# An item you need for a project has a daily lease cost of $200. To purchase the item, there is an investment cost of $6000 and a daily cost of $50. Calculate the number of days when the lease cost would be the same as the purchase cost.

# Projects involve project management process groups

# There are ____ main processes involved in project scope management.

# There are main processes involved in project scope management.

# If earned value (EV) = 450, actual cost (AC) = 400, planned value (PV)=425, what is cost variance (CV)?

# The Standish Group's CHAOS studies reported an average cost overrun for unsuccessful IT projects ranged from 180 percent in 1994 to percent in 2004.

# Many people cite research that says in a face-to-face interaction, percent of communication is through body language

# Four people have communications channel

# Given the following estimates: Optimistic 3 days, Pessimistic 9 days, and most likely 6 days, what is the PERT weighted average?

# You are the project manager for the POL Project. This project will use PERT to calculate the estimates for activity duration. For activity D, you have the following information: P=10 days, O=6 days, M=5 days. What is the result of PERT?

6 days

# If estimates for total discounted benefits for a project are $320,000 and total discounted costs are $200,000, what is the estimated return on investment (ROI)?

60 percent

If estimates for total discounted benefits for a project are $320,000 and total discounted costs are $200,000, what is the estimated return on investment (ROI)?

60 percent

# It is good practice to focus on the of meetings

# What percentage of the total distribution is 1 sigma from the mean equal to?

68.29%

#60 What percentage of the total distribution is 1 sigma from the mean equal to?

68.29%

# On large projects, many project managers say that percent of the job is communicating and managing changes

# A certainty factor of 1.960 is used for percent desired certainty

# According to the Standish Group study describing what factors contribute most to the success of information technology projects, percent of successful projects are led by experienced project managers.

# In any normal distribution, percent of the population is within three standard deviations of the mean.

99.7

# What percentage of the total distribution is 3 sigma from the mean equal to?

99.73%

# A project manager may use to make sure the team members clearly know what work is included in each of their work packages.

A WBS dictionary

# Which of the following is NOT needed in order to come up with a project estimate?

A change control system

# A program is which one of the following?

A collection of projects with a common objective

A program is which one of the following?

A collection of projects with a common objective

# An experienced project manager has just begun working for a large information technology integrator. Her manager provides her with a draft project charter and immediately asks her to provide an analysis of the risks on the project. Which of the following would BEST help in this effort?

A conversation with a team member from a similar project that failed in the past

# A manufacturing project has a schedule performance index (SPI) of 0.89 and a cost performance index (CPI) of 0.91. Generally, what is the BEST explanation for why this occurred?

A critical path activity took longer and needed more labor hours to complete

# Which of the following is CORRECT?

A critical path can run over a dummy

# How is a functional organization set up?

A functional organization is grouped by areas of specialization, e.g. accounting, marketing, and manufacturing).

# You have been assigned to manage the development of an organization's first Web site. The site will be highly complex and interactive, and neither your project team nor the client has much experience with Web site development. The timeline is extremely aggressive. And delay will be costly for both your firm and the client. You have a project sponsor and have achieved agreement and sign-off on both the project charter and the project management plan.

A key stakeholder was not adequately involved in the project

# Value analysis is performed to get

A less costly way of doing the same work

#25 What is a program?

A means to gain benefits and control of related projects

# Which is not a project attribute?

A project should have only one project manager and one technical leader

# A project manager is appointed to head a highly technical project in an area with which this person has limited familiarity. The project manager delegates the processes of Develop schedule, Estimate Costs, Define Activities, and Estimate Activity Resources to various project team members, and basically serves as an occasional referee and coordinator of activities.

A team that is characterized by poor performance, low morale, high levels of conflict and high turnover

# A unilateral contract under which the seller is paid a preset amount per unit of service is called:

A unit price contract

Which of the following is a task at the lowest level of the WBS

A work package

# Early in the life of your project, you are having a discussion with the sponsor about what estimating techniques should be used. You want a form of expert judgment, but the sponsor argues for analogous estimating. It would be BEST to:

Agree to analogous estimating, as it is a form of expert judgment

# A fixed-price-plus-incentive-fee (FPI) contract has a target cost of $130,000, a target profit of $15,000, a target price of $145,000, a ceiling price of $160,000, and a share ratio of 80/20. The actual cost of the project was $150,000. How much profit does the seller make?

A. $10,000

# A cost-plus-percentage-cost (CPPC) contract has an estimated cost of $120,000 with an agreed profit of 10% of the costs. The actual cost of the project is $130,000. What is the total reimbursement to the seller?

A. $143,000

# If a company loses $5 for every $100 in revenue for a certain product, what is the profit margin for that product?

A. -5 percent

# What is an example of project integration?

A. Accounting provides the cost estimate required for the help center's contingency plan.

# Earned value is all of the following except:

A. Actual cost of work performed.

# Which is the contract form specifying an amount when the scope is made clear?

C. Fixed-price

# The project plan is a document designed to tell _____ exactly what should be happening in a given period of time.

A. Anyone associated with the project

# ___________ensures that the description of the project's products are correct and complete

A. Configuration management

# The sender is responsible for:

A. Confirming the message is understood.

# Fixed price and incentive type contracts place responsibility for performance and financial risks associated with delay or non-performance on the:

A. Contractor

# Which type of cost is team training?

A. Direct

# ________________ is a term used to describe various procurement functions that are now done electronically

A. E-procurement

# In which phases of a project life cycle, the level of uncertainty (risk) is highest?

A. Early phases

# All of the following are parts of the team's stakeholder management effort EXCEPT?

A. Giving stakeholders extras

# The purpose of a quality audit includes all of the following except:

A. Examines the work of the project and formally accepts the work results.

# In the integration management process, the project plan development uses the outputs of the other planning processes to create a consistent, coherent document that can be used to guide both project ________ and project __________.

A. Execution, control

# Forcing, as a means to manage conflict:

A. Exerts one's view at the potential expense of another party.

# The concept of zero inventory is called:

C. Just in Time

# In which organization are the project manager's independence and authority weakest?

A. Functional organization

# Which of the following Human Resource process generates Roles & Responsibilities :

A. Human Resource Planning

# During what part of the project management process is the project scope statement created?

Planning

# Which is the correct explanation of a Stakeholder?

A. Individual or organization influenced by the project

# In general, for which phase is risk and uncertainty maximum?

A. Initial phase

# Feasibility studies are performed in the ______ process group of the project.

A. Initiating

# In which process group do we examine the alternative ways of accomplishing project objectives?

A. Initiating

# Project feasibility studies are conducted during which of the project phases?

A. Initiating

# This tool and technique of Quality Control keeps errors from reaching the customer:

A. Inspection

# ______________ causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.

A. Intrinsic rnotivation

# Which of the following statements concerning a scope statement are true?

A. It provides a documented basis for making future project decisions and for developing common understanding of the project scope among stakeholders.

# You are preparing a cost estimate for a building based on its location, purpose, number of square feet, and other characteristics. What cost estimating technique are you using?

A. parametric

# In which project procurement management process is an RFQ often written?

A. planning procurements

# Deflection or transfer of a risk to another party is part of which of the following risk response categories?

A. Mitigation

# ______ is a network diagramming technique used to predict total project duration.

A. PERT

# Legitimate power is:

A. Power derived from a person's formal position in the organization.

# What is the process of gradual, step-wise reduction to details of the project products and the characteristics of new services called?

A. Progressive elaboration

# _________ is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements,

A. Quality

# The process of evaluating overall project performance on a regular basis to provide confidence that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards is called:

A. Quality Assurance

# What is the process that evaluates the influence of the risk quantitatively by the amount of money, etc.?

A. Quantitative Risk Analysis

# In communications management, to assimilate through the mind or senses is the process of:

A. Receiving

# In which project management process group is the detailed project budget created?

Planning

# Which of the following is not part of project human resource management?

A. Resource estimating

# Project Cost Management includes all of the following except:

A. Resource leveling

# A series of consecutive points on the same side of the average is called:

A. Run

# _______ is a quantitative risk analysis tool that uses a model of a system to analyze the expected behavior or performance of the system.

A. Simulation

# A team member who doesn't have the required skills or knowledge was assigned to a team. Who is responsible for ensuring that he receives the proper training?

A. Sponsor

# A document or tool which describes when and how human resources will be brought onto and taken off the project team is called a:

A. Staffing Management Plan

# A project planning methodology is any structured approach used to guide the project team during development of the project plan. What is an example of this methodology?

A. Standard forms or templates.

# In scope management, decomposition involves:

A. Subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller and more manageable components.

# Which of the following is not a phase of the traditional project life cycle?

A. System analysis

# During the planning development process, at times it is necessary to make certain assumptions to enhance the project plan when the data is not available. In regard to making those assumptions, which one of the following is most true for project planning purposes?

A. The assumptions will be considered as true, real, or certain.

# Changes are difficult and cumbersome to incorporate with the complex systems used by contractors. What is the reason for this difficulty?

A. The lack of detail available concerning the tasks to be achieved on a project

# ____________is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management.

A. project charter

# The person who should be in control of the project during project management planning is the

A. project manager.

# Life-cycle costs are the total costs:

A. To the organization for the ownership and acquisition of the project over its full life.

# All of the following are outputs from performance reporting EXCEPT:

A. Trend analysis

# Management reserves are used to handle which type of risk?

A. Unknown unknowns

# An example of risk mitigation is:

A. Using proven technology in the development of a product to lessen the probability that the product will not work

# When is the earned-value approach appropriate to use.

A. When accurate and timely cost data are available.

# The three major types of communication are:

A. Written, verbal, and non-verbal.

# Your project team has decided not to use an upcoming release of software because it might cause your schedule to slip. Which negative risk response strategy are you using?

A. avoidance

# Your project involves using a new release of a common software application, but if that release is not available, your team has _________ plans to use the current release.

A. contingency

# In many application areas, configuration management is a subset of the change control system and is used to ensure that the description of the project's product is _______ and _______.

A. correct and complete

# Which of the following processes is not part of project integration management?

A. develop the project business case

# You cannot start editing a technical report until someone else completes the first draft. What type of dependency does this represent?

A. finish-to-start

# Which type of contract has the least amount of risk for buyer

A. fixed-price

# Which of the following is not a process in project communications management?

A. information planning

# Which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time consuming?

A. interviews

# Which of the following is NOT a process of communication management?

Acquiring project team

# What is the preferred order for performing testing on information technology projects?

A. unit testing, integration testing, system testing, user acceptance testing

# Scope _________ is often achieved by a customer inspection and then sign-off on key deliverables.

A. verification

# A project plan is:

A.A formal, approved document used to guide both project execution and project control.

# Which of the following is a common characteristic of most project life cycle descriptions?

A.Cost and staffing are low at the start, higher towards the end, and drop rapidly as the project nears completion.

# A period of time in work weeks which includes non-working days is called:

A.Elapsed Time

# Which of the following statements concerning a scope statement are true?

A.It provides a documented basis for making future project decisions and for developing common understanding of the project scope among stakeholders.

# Project scope is:

A.The work that must be done in order to deliver a product with the specified features and functions.

# The is the total direct and indirect costs incurred in accomplishing work on an activity during a given period

# What is the difference between PDM and ADM?

ADM places activities on arrows; PDM places activities on nodes.

# is best known for developing a hierarchy of needs.

Abraham Maslow

# Double declining balance is a form of:

Accelerated depreciation

# Which of the following is not a process of communication management?

Acquiring project team

# involves getting the needed personnel assigned to and working on the project

Acquiring the project

# During the Plan Risk Management process, your team has come up with 434 risks and 16 major causes of those risks. The project is the last of a series of projects that the team has worked on together. The sponsor is very supportive, and a lot of time was invested in making sure the project work was complete and signed off by all key stakeholders.

Accept the risk

# determine(s) if the products or services produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected.

Acceptance

# All of the following are outputs of quality planning EXCEPT?

Acceptance decisions

# "Organizations can gain access to specific skills and technologies when they are required by using outside resources." refers to the ____ benefit of outsourcing.

Access skills and technologies

# The performing organization is trying to decide whether to split the contracts department and assign procurement responsibilities to departments directly responsible for the projects. A procurement professional might not want this split to occur because they would lose ____ in a decentralized contracting environment.

Access to others with similar expertise

# The state of being totally answerable for the satisfactory completion of a specific assignment is called

Accountability

# Based on the following, if you needed to shorten the duration of the project, what activity would you try to shorten?

Activity C

# Earned value is all of the following except:

Actual cost of work performed.

# It is the middle of the project when the project manager is informed by her scheduler that the project control limits are secure. That same morning she receives a note from a team member about a problem he is having. The note says, "This activity is driving me crazy and the manager of the accounting department won't help me until the activity's float is in jeopardy." In addition, the project manager has e-mails from a minor stakeholder and 14 e-mails from team members.

Add the implemented corrective action to the historical records, discuss the value of documentation at the next team meeting, and smooth the team member with the accounting department problem

# A project manager has just finished the risk response plan for a $387,000 engineering project. Which of the following should he probably do NEXT?

Add work packages to the project work breakdown structure

# The cost contingency reserve should be:

Added to the base costs of the project to account for risks

# All of the following MUST be present to have a contract EXCEPT:

Address of the seller

# ____ involves managing relationships with sellers, monitoring contract performance, and making changes as needed.

Administering procurements

# According to McClelland's acquired needs theory, people who desire harmonious relation with other people and need to feel accepted have a high_______ need.

Affiliation

# The sponsor is worried about the seller deriving extra profit on the cost plus fixed fee (CPFF) contract. Each month he requires the project manager to submit CPI calculations and an analysis of the cost to complete. The project manager explains to the sponsor that extra profits should NOT be a worry on this project because:

All costs invoiced are being audited

# What is core of the advantages of a functional organization?

All employees report to one manager and have a clear chain of command

# The principles of risk management should be followed only for:

All kinds of project

The process needs to be examined for non-random

All the others

# A project has faced major difficulties in the quality of its deliverables. Management now states that quality is the most important project constraint. If another problem with quality were to occur, what would be the BEST thing for the project manager to do?

Allow cost to increase by fixing the root cause of the problem

# Psychologist David Merril describes as reactive and people-oriented

Amiables

# The customer responsible for overseeing your project asks you to provide a written cost estimate that is 30 percent higher than your estimate of the project's cost. He explains that the budgeting process requires managers to estimate pessimistically to ensure enough money is allocated for projects.

Ask for information on risks that would cause your estimate to be too low

# Operations and Maintenance efforts should:

B. Be treated as part of the project's life cycle

#70 Who of the following are ALWAYS stakeholders?

An assembly line worker that will use the product of the project

# Who of the following are ALWAYS stakeholders?

An assembly line worker that will use the product of the project.

# use the actual cost of a previous, similar project as the basis for estimating the cost of the current project

Analogous estimates

# Psychologist David Merril describes as reactive and task-oriented

Analytical

# The customer requests a change to the project that would increase the project risk. Which of the following should you do before all the others?

Analyze the impacts of the change with the team.

# During project executing, a team member identifies a risk that is not in the risk register. What should you do?

Analyze the risk

# Which of the following is the BEST thing for a project manager to do in the Conduct Procurements process of procurement management?

Answer sellers' questions about bid documents

# Your company just won a major new project. It will begin in three months and is valued at $2,000,000. You are the project manager for an existing project. What is the FIRST thing you should do once you hear of the new project?

Ask management how the new project will affect your project

# Project Stakeholder are:

Anybody who is actively working on the project

#27 Project Stakeholder are:

Anybody who is actively working on the project

# A project manager is quantifying risk for her project. Several of her experts are offsite, but wish to be included. How can this be done

Apply the Delphi technique

# is the cost of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure that a project is error-free or within an acceptable error range.

Appraisal cost

# The project is mostly complete. The project has a schedule variance of 300 and a cost variance of -900. All but one of the quality control inspections have been completed and all have met the quality requirements. All items in the issue log have been resolved.

Ask the customer for a description of the change

# The seller tells you that your activities have resulted in an increase in their costs. You should:

Ask the seller for supporting information

# From the project perspective, quality attributes:

Are specific characteristics for which a product is designed and tested

# In many organizations, project managers also support an emerging business strategy of project portfolio management. Portfolio management addresses question like_____.

Are we working on the right projects?

In many organizations, project managers also support an emerging business strategy of project portfolio management. Portfolio management addresses question like_____.

Are we working on the right projects?

# A project manager overhears a conversation between two stakeholders who are talking about how unhappy they are with the impacts of the project on their own departments. Stakeholder A asks if the project is on time, and stakeholder B replies that the SPI is 1.05. Stakeholder A asks if the project manager for the project knows of stake holder B's concern. Stakeholder B responds that he is not sure. What is the BEST thing for the project manager to do?

Arrange a meeting with both stakeholders to allow them to voice any concerns they may have

# A team member is not performing well on the project because she is inexperienced in system development work. There is no one else available who is better qualified to do the work. What is the BEST solution for the project manager?

Arrange for the team member to get training

# . was an early project management software product that helped managers analyze complex schedules for designing aircraft

Artemis

# The project was going well when all of a sudden there were changes to the project coming from multiple stakeholders. After all the changes were determined, the project manager spent time with all the stakeholders to find out why there were changes and to discover any more. The project work has quieted down when a team member casually mentions to the project manager that he added functionality to a product of the project. "Do not worry," he says, "I did not impact time, cost, or quality!" What should a project manager do FIRST?

Ask the team member how he knows there is no time, cost, or quality impact

# A team member is visiting the manufacturing plant of one of the suppliers. Which of the following is the MOST important thing to be done in any telephone calls the project manager might make to the team member?

Ask the team member to repeat back what the project manager says

# When do stakeholders have the MOST influence on a project?

At the beginning of the project

# When should the Verify Scope process be done?

At the end of each phase of the project

# A technique for resolving conflict in which the parties agree to have a neutral third party hear the dispute and make a decision is called:

B. Arbitration

# A project performed under a cost reimbursable contract has finally entered the Close Procurements process. What MUST the buyer remember to do?

Audit seller's cost submittals

# Communication is the key to the succes o a project. As the project manager, ou have three stakeholders with whom ou need to communicate. As scuch, ou have six channels of communication. A new stakeholder has been added that ou also need to communicate with. How many communication channels do you have now?

B. 10

B. 5.5 weeks

# The state of being totally answerable for the satisfactory completion of a specific assignment is called:

B. Accountability

# Project management, as an integration function, has the need to either make or buy components of the system. The decision to make or buy is based on all the following but __________.

B. Availability of funds

# All of the following aid in achieving consensus EXCEPT:

B. Avoiding conflict.

# Which is not an appropriate description of the work of Integrated Change Control?

B. Change the Schedule only.

# A structured tool, usually industry or activity specific, used to verify that a set of required steps has been performed is called:

B. Check list

# Which of the following are outputs from the Communications Planning process?

B. Communications management plan

# During what part of the procurement process does contract negotiation occur?

B. Conduct procurements

# Which of the following is not a tool or technique used during the Risk Quantification Process?

B. Contingency planning

# The inputs to Cost Budgeting includes all of the following except:

B. Cost baseline

# _________ is known for his work on quality control in Japan and developed the 14 Points for Management in his text Out of the Crisis.

B. Deming

# What IT function has the largest percentage of work outsourced?

B. Disaster recovery

# Which of the following statements is false?

B. Duration and effort are synonymous terms.

# Project Management is :

B. Needed because the functional organization and its methods of planning and control cannot otherwise assure that complex projects will be completed on time.

# allow for future situations that may be partially planned for

Contingency reserves

# In a project that has never been done before, the PM must select one or more methods of estimating task duration. What is the most reliable method under this described situation?

B. Expert judgement

# The ability of a product to be used for different purposes at different capacities and under different conditions determines its:

B. Flexibility

When planning cost for the project, project manager included 10% of estimated effort in estimation of future

Contingency reserves

# Human resource administration is the primary responsibility of the:

B. Human Resources Department

# Which of the following is not a guideline to help improve time spent at meetings?

B. Invite extra people who support your project to make it run more smoothly.

# Contingency reserves are intended to:

B. Involve cost, schedule or both

# What impact does a matrix organization have on project team development?

B. It complicates team development.

# Which is the most appropriate description of the stakeholder's influence on the project life cycle?

B. Maximum at the start and then gradually weakens towards the end of the project.

# Which of the following is not a suggestion for performing integrated change control?

B. Minimize change

# _________ is a project performance measurement technique that integrates scope, time, and cost data.

D. Earned value analysis

# In a program or project plan, there are always revisions to account for new or missing datA. Which one of the following provides the best reason for performing a revision of the plan?

B. Project tasks are crashed to meet their end dates

# The process of monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply with relevant quality standards is called:

B. Quality Control

# Parametric cost estimating involves:

B. Using rates and factors based on historical experience to estimate costs.

# _____________ power is based on a person's individual charisma.

B. Referent

# A tool which links the project roles and responsibilities to the project scope definition is called:

B. Responsibility Assignment Matrix

# What are the four parts of the communications model?

B. Sender, Message, Medium, Receiver

# Which of the following functions does not pertain to the roles and responsibilities of the project manager ?

B. Staffing

# Which of the following choices indicates that a project has a burn rate of 1.2? (Hint: Burn rate is the same as the Cost Performance Index)

B. The AC is 100 and the EV is 120.

# What tool can you use to determine whether a process is in control or out of control?

B. a control chart

# Which of the following is not a key output of project cost management?

B. a cost management plan

# The belief that management's high levels of trust, confidence and commitment to workers leads to high levels of motivation and productivity on the part of workers is a part of which motivation theory?

B. Theory Z

# The sending or conveying of information from one place to another is the process of:

B. Transmitting

# Which of the following statements is false?

B. Uncertainty and risk are lowest at the start of the project and greatest at the end.

# What do many experts agree is the greatest threat to the success of any project?

B. a failure to communicate

# A _______ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project

B. WBS

# A key barrier to team development is:

B. When team members are accountable to both functional and project managers.

# When should a risk be avoided?

B. When the risk event is unacceptable -- generally one with a very high probability of occurrence and high impact.

# What is the first process in planning a project schedule?

B. defining activities

# If a project is halfway completed and its schedule performance index is 110 percent and its cost performance index is 95 percent, how is it progressing?

B. it is ahead of schedule and over budget

# A ___________ report is a reflective statement documenting important things that people learned from working on the project.

B. lessons-learned

# The seven run rule states that if seven data points in a row on a control chart are all below the mean, above the means, or all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for _________ problems.

B. non-random

# A risk ________ is a document that contains results of various risk management processes, often displayed in a table or spreadsheet format.

B. register

# What technique can you use to resolve resource conflicts by delaying tasks?

B. resource leveling

# A person who is risk ______ receives greater satisfaction when more payoff is at stake and is willing to pay a penalty to take risks.

B. seeking

# Buyers often prepare a _____________ list when selecting a seller to make this process more manageable.

B. short

# By which means is a contractor able to control costs overruns due to changing requirements?

C. Change control

# What is the main goal of project cost management?

B. to complete a project within an approved budget

# Which of the following could be an appropriate WBS code for a work package at the fourth level in a WBS where the top level code is 1.0?

B.1.1.1.1

# A network diagram that uses nodes to represent activities and arrows to show the activity dependencies and allows no loops is called:

B.AON

# During what Time Management Process are the specific activities that must be performed to produce the deliverables in the WBS identified and documented?

B.Activity Definition

# Who should contribute to the development of the project plan?

B.Entire project team including project manager

# What is the purpose of the WBS?

B.To ensure that all work within a project is identified and defined within a common framework.

# tools track the execution of business process flows and expose how the state of supporting IT

BSM

# Which of the following methods is used to provide a standard to measure performance?

Benchmarking

# generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization

Benchmarking

#61 Which of the following methods is used to provide a standard to measure performance?

Benchmarking

# Who control the project budget in balance matrix organization structure?

Both project manager and functional manager

Who control the project budget in balance matrix organization structure?

Both project manager and functional manager

# involve estimating individual work items or activities and summing them to get a project total

Bottom-up

# Although the stakeholders thought there was enough money in the budget, halfway through the project the cost performance index (CPI) is 0.7. To determine the root cause, several stakeholders audit the project and discover the project cost budget was estimated analogously.

Bottom-up estimating should have been used

# Your project has a medium amount of risk and is not very well defined. The sponsor hands you a project charter and asks you to confirm that the project can be completed within the project cost budget. What is the BEST method to handle this?

Build the estimate in the form of a range of possible results

# occur when two or more activities follow a single node

Burst

# . In the information technology planning stage, the analysis outlines business processes that are central to achieving strategic goals and helps determine which ones could most benefit from information technology

Business Area Analysis

# Which of the following outputs is often completed before initiating a project?

Business case

# Which of the following outputs is often completed before initiating project?

Business case

Which of the following outputs is often completed before initiating a project?

Business case

# Which strategic technology considers in efficient using of computer resources, social responsibility, and environmental impact?

Business process modeling

# It estimates for total discounted benefits for a project are $120,000 and total discounted costs are $100,000, what is the estimated return on investment (ROI)?

C. 20 percent

# Suppose there is a 30 percent chance that you will lose $10,000 and a 70 percent chance that you will earn $100,000 on a particular protect. What is the projects estimated monetary value?

C, $67,000

# Assume you have a project with major categories called planning, analysis, design, and testing. What level of the WBS would these items fall under?

C. 2

# Six Sigmas target for perfection is the achievement of no more than _________ defects, errors, or mistakes per million opportunities.

C. 3.4

# Under what situation should the PM issue updates to the approved cost baseline.

C. A change of scope has occurred.

# A unilateral contract under which the seller is paid a preset amount per unit of service is called:

C. A unit price contract

# A risk response which involves eliminating a threat is called:

C. Avoidance

# Which of the following is not a best practice that can help in avoiding scope problems on information technology project?

Don't involve too many users in scope management

# Most schedule simulations are based on some form of which of the following?

C. CPM

# A mandatory prerequisite for team building is:

C. Commitment from top level management

# A leadership style in which the project manager shares problems with team members and formulates solutions as a group is called:

C. Consensus

# One of the initial project documents, issued by senior management, which outlines the authority of the project manager, is called Project charter. As a seller, what other document can be used in this place:

C. Contract

# Group brainstorming encourages all of the following except:

C. Convergent thinking

# Which is the one not included in the features of a project?

C. Fixed operation

# Acquire Project team process will be performed under:

C. Executing Process Group

# Setting strategic project objectives are the responsibility of the:

C. Executive or user groups

# is best known for developing Theory X and Theory Y

Douglas McGregor

# Which of the following is not a process of project human resource management?

C. Information Distribution

# A tool that analyzes the inputs to a process to identify the causes of errors is called:

C. Ishikawa diagram

# In negotiating with functional department managers, project managers often find themselves using what two-party conflict management approach?

C. Lose-Lose

# ________ reserves allow for future situations that are unpredictable.

C. Management

# Which motivational theory uses the concept of theory X?

C. McGregor

# Of the following, which one is not a typical activity of a project manager?

C. Milestone completion

# In development of the project plan, which of the following elements should be included to reduce project risk?

C. Mitigation plans

# The seven primary characteristics that are common to all projects are:

C. Objectives, schedule, complexity, size and nature of task, resources, and integrated information and control system.

# Which of the following is part of the expectency theory of motivation?

C. People tend to be highly productive and motivated if they believe their efforts will lead to successful results and that success will lead to personal rewards.

# All of the following are reasons project fail EXCEPT:

C. Planning and closing

# ___________ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result

C. Project

# _________ involves allocating the project cost estimate to individual work items over time.

C. Project cost budgeting

# If your college or university wanted to get information from potential sellers for providing a new sports stadium, what type of document would they require of the potential sellers?

C. Proposal

# Which process performs prioritization of the project risk?

C. Qualitative Risk Analysis

# The overall intentions and direction of an organization with regard to quality as formally expressed by top management is a:

C. Quality Policy

# Extensive use of ___ communication is most likely to aid in solving complex problems.

Written

# Project Risk Management includes all of the following processes except:

C. Risk Analysis

# Project Risk Management includes all of the following processes except:

C. Risk Design

# ________refer(s) to all the work involved in creating the products of the project and the processes used to created them

C. Scope

# All organizations should be supportive of the performing organization's long term goals. These type of goals are best described as

C. Strategic

# the development of long term goals set by executive management is called:

C. Strategic Planning

# Which of the following definition is not correct:

C. Team Building - Forming a team from scratch for a new project.

# Who is directly responsible for satisfying project requirements?

C. The project manager.

# The change control system must include all but which of the following

C. Verbal approvals

# Project management software helps you develop a ______ which serves as a basis for creating Gantt charts, assigning resources, and allocating costs.

C. WBS

# What type of diagram shows planned and actual project schedule information?

C. a Tracking Gantt chart

# Your organization hired a specialist in a certain field to provide training for a short period of time. Which reason for outsourcing would this fall under?

C. accessing skills and technologies

# Which type of contract has the least amount of risk for seller

C. cost plus percentage of costs

# Each project phase is marked by completion of one or more:

C. deliverables

# As the project manager for a software development project, you are helping to develop the project schedule. You decide that writing code for a system should not start until users sign off on the analysis work. What type of dependency is this?

C. discretionary

# A staffing management plan often includes a resource ______, which is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to the project over time.

C. histogram

# What tool can you use to help manage stakeholders by ranking scope, time, and cost goals in order of importance and provide guidelines on balancing these constraints?

C. issue log

# Which of the following leadership traits is MOST important for a project manager?

Communication

# PMI's OPM3 is an example of a model or framework for helping organizations improve their processes and systems.

C. maturity

# Which risk management process involves prioritizing risks based on their probability and impact of occurrence?

C. performing qualitative risk analysis

# You have two project stakeholders who do not get along at all. You know they both enjoy traveling, so you discuss great travel destinations when they are both in the room together to distract them from arguing with each other. What conflict-handling mode are you using?

C. smoothing

# Which communication skill is most important for information technology professionals for career advancement?

C. speaking

# The independence of two events in which the occurrence of one is not related to the occurrence of the other is called:

C. statistical independence

# A project manager has just been assigned a team that comes from many countries, including Brazil, Japan, the US, and Britain. What is her BEST tool for success?

Communication and well-developed people skills

# The integrated project plan provides the baseline of:

C. which changes will be controlled

# To calculate the late start and late finish dates for a set of tasks, you must do:

C.A backwards pass

# An activity that consumes no time or resources and shows only that a dependency exists between two activities is called:

C.A dummy activity

# A document which describes how project scope will be managed and how scope changes will be integrated into the project is: (choose the best answer)

C.A scope management plan

# In crashing the schedule, you would focus on:

C.Accelerating the performance of tasks on the critical path

# Which of the following are outputs of the Scope Verification Process?

C.Formal acceptance

# The unique identifiers assigned to each item of a WBS are often known collectively as:

C.The code of accounts

# What is critical path?

C.The longest path through the network, which represents the shortest amount of time in which a project can be completed.

# What is the primary purpose of a milestone chart?

C.To show significant events in the project such as completion of key deliverables.

# The amount of time that an activity can be delayed from its early start without delaying the project end date is called:

C.Total Float

# Which of the following is NOT an example of a type of schedule report?

C.fishbone diagram

# A(n) is a formal group of people responsible for approving or rejecting changes to a project

CCB

# . Many companies have realized that information technology is integral to their business and have created a vice president or equivalent-level position for the head of information technology, often called the

CIO

# helps integrate traditionally separate organizational functions, set process improvement goals and priorities, provide guidance for quality processes, and provide a point of reference for appraising current processes

CMMI

# The is the ratio of earned value to actual cost and can be used to estimate the projected cost of completing the project

CPI

# is the earned value minus the actual cost

# Cost performance measurement is BEST done through which of the following?

Calculating earned value and using the indexes and other calculations to

# Cost performance measurement is BEST done through which of the following?

Calculating earned value and using the indexes and other calculations to report pas performance and forecast future performance.

We can prevent defects by all of the followings

Carefully monitor project

# is a method for determining the estimated annual costs and benefits for a project and the resulting annual cash flow

Cash flow analysis

# The Project Management , a Web site for people involved in project management, provides an alphabetical directory of more than 300 project management software solutions.

Center

# A routine audit of a cost reimbursable (CR) contract determines that overcharges are being made. If the contract does not specify corrective action, the buyer should:

Continue to make project payments

# All of the following are phases of the traditional project lifecycle, Except?

Coding

All of the following are phases of the traditional project lifecycle, Except?

Coding

# involves defining and documenting the features and functions of the products produced during the project as well as the processes used for creating them

Collecting requirements

# A new project manager is being mentored by a more experienced certified project management professional ("PMP"). The new project manager is having difficulty finding enough time to manage the project because the product and project scope are being progressively elaborated.

Communicating with the customer

# Lack of consultation with key stakeholders can cause risk of

Communication

# Which of the following is not part of the triple constraint of project management?

Communication

# With a clear contract statement of work, a seller completes work as specified, but the buyer is not pleased with the results. The contract is considered to be:

Complete

# One of the stakeholders on the project contacts the project manager to discuss some additional scope they would like to add to the project. The project manager asks for details in writing and then works through the Control Scope process. What should the project manager do NEXT when the evaluation of the requested scope is complete?

Complete integrated change control

# All technical work is completed on the project. Which of the following remains to be done

Complete lessons learned

# A new product development project has four levels in the work breakdown structure and has been sequenced using the precedence diagramming method. The activity duration estimates have been received. What should be done NEXT?

Compress the schedule

# A project manager has just found out that a major subcontractor for her project is consistently late delivering work. The project team member responsible for this part of the project does not get along with the subcontractor. To resolve the problem, the project manager says, "You both will have to give up something to solve this problern," What conflict resolution method is she using?

Compromise

# You just found out that a major subcontractor for your project consistently provides deliverables late. The subcontractor approaches you and asks you to continue accepting late deliverables in exchange for a decrease in project costs. This offer is an example of:

Compromise

# All the following statements about change control are incorrect EXCEPT:

Contracts should include procedures to accommodate changes

# An important tool used in the phase of the DMAIC process is the fishbone or Ishikawa diagram

analyze

# Bidder conferences are part of:

Conduct Procurements

# During what part of the procurement process does procurement negotiation occur?

Conduct Procurements

# The project team is arguing about the prospective sellers who have submitted proposals. One team member argues for a certain seller while another team member wants the project awarded to a different seller. What part of the procurement process is the team in?

Conduct Procurements

# _________ ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete.

Configuration management

# ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete

Configuration management

_________ ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete.

Configuration management

# A project manager has just been assigned to a new project and has been given the project charter. The FIRST thing the project manager must do is:

Confirm that all the stakeholders have had input into the scope

# A project manager had a complex problem to solve and made a decision about what needed to be done. A few months later, the problem resurfaced. What did the project manager MOST likely not do?

Confirm that the decision solved the problem

# A project manager must publish a project schedule. Activities, start/end times, and resources are identified. What should the project manager do NEXT?

Confirm the availability of the resources

# The MOST likely result of communication blockers is that:

Conflict occurs

# Estimate at completion (EAC) is periodic evaluation of:

anticipated total cost at project completion.

# means the project's processes and products meet written specifications

Conformance to requirements

# When using the ______, project manager directly face....

Confrontation

# Which of the following best describes a directly face a conflict using a problem-solving conflict resolution technique

Confrontation

#73 Which of the following best describes a directly face a conflict using a problem-solving conflict resolution technique?

Confrontation

# The main focus of life cycle costing is to

Consider operations and maintenance costs in making project decisions

# The main focus of life cycle costing is to:

Consider operations and maintenance costs in making project decisions

# The main focus of life cycle costing is to ___

Consider operations and maintenance costs in making project decisions.

#57 The main focus of life cycle costing is to ____

Consider operations and maintenance costs in making project decisions.

# Linear programming is an example of what type of project selection criteria?

Constrained optimization

# An example of a project is:

Constructing a building or facility

#28 An example of a project is:

Constructing a building or facility

An example of a project is:

Constructing a building or facility

# The client demands changes to the product specification that will add only two weeks to the critical path. Which of the following is the BEST thing for the project manager to do?

Consult with the sponsor about options

to prevent defects, rather than to detect of reject them

Control chart

# involves controlling changes to project scope throughout the life of the project, which is a challenge on many information technology projects

Controlling scope

# involves controlling and managing changes to the project schedule

Controlling the schedule

# should result in improvements in project performance

Corrective actions

# Bertha is the project manager for the HAR Project. The project is behind schedule and Bertha has elected, with management's approval, to crash the critical path. This process adds more what?

Cost

# Bertha is the project manager for the HAR Project. The project is behind schedule and Bertha has elected, with management's approval, to crash the critical path. This process adds more what? (Choose the best answer.)

Cost

# The inputs to Cost Budgeting includes all of the following except:

Cost baseline

# All the following are examples of Perform Quality Control EXCEPT:

Cost of quality

# What type of contract do you NOT want to use if you do not have enough labor to audit invoices?

Cost plus fixed fee (CPFF)

# Your program manager has come to you, the project manager, for help with a bid for her newest project. You want to protect your company from financial risk. You have limited scope definition. What is the BEST type of contract to choose?

Cost plus fixed fee (CPFF)

# The sponsor and the project manager are discussing what type of contract the project manager plans to use on the project. The buyer points out that theperforming organization spent a lot of money hiring a design team to come up with the design. The project manager is concerned that the risk for the buyer be as small as possible. An advantage of a fixed price contract for the buyer is:

Cost risk is lower

# Quadruple Constraints of Project Management means ____constraints

Cost, time, quality, and scope

Quadruple Constraints of Project Management means ____constraints.

Cost, time, quality, and scope

# Your project management plan results in a project schedule that is too long. If the project network diagram cannot change but you have extra personnel resources, what is the BEST thing to do?

Crash the project

# You are the project manager for the 987 Project. Should this project run over schedule, it will cost your organization $35,000 per day in lost sales. With four months to completion, you realize the project is running late. You decide, with management's approval, to add more project team members to the project plan to complete the work on time. This is an example of which of the following?

Crashing

# _________ is a technique for making cost and schedule trade-offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost.

Crashing

# is a technique for making cost and schedule trade-offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost

Crashing

# is a planning process falling under the Project Scope Management knowledge area

Create WBS

# The project charter for a project was approved for planning and you have just been assigned as project manager. Realizing that project planning is an ongoing effort throughout the project, which processes are you MOST likely to combine?

Create WBS and Define Activities

# The WBS, estimates for each work package, and the network diagram are completed. Which of the following would be the NEXT thing for the project manager to do?

Create a preliminary schedule and get the teams approval

# During project executing, a major problem occurs that was not included in the risk register. What should you do FIRST?

Create a workaround

# There have been many work packages completed successfully on the project, and the sponsor has made some recommendations for improvements. The project is on schedule to meet an aggressive deadline when the successor activity to a critical path activity suffers a major setback. The activity has 14 days of float and is being completed by four people. There are two other team members with the skill set to assist the troubled activity, if needed. The project manager receives a call that three other team members are attempting to be removed from the project because they do not feel the project can be successful. When the project manager pursues this, she discovers that those team members have issues that have not been addressed. Which of the following is the BEST thing to do to improve the project?

Create an issue log

# The project status meeting is not going weIl. Everyone is talking at the same time, there are people who are not participating, and many topics are being discussed at random. Which of the following rules for effective meetings is NOT being adhered to?

Create and publish an agenda and a set of rules for controlling the meeting

#26 A company is making an effort to improve its project performance and create historical records of past projects.

Create lessons learned

# The project has been challenging to manage. Everyone has been on edge due to pressure to complete the project on time. Unfortunately, the tension has grown to the point where team meetings have become shouting matches and little work is accomplished during the meetings. One team member asks to be excused from future team meetings, as all the shouting upsets him. Meanwhile, the sponsor has asked to attend team meetings in order to better understand how the project is going and the issues involved in completing the project, and the customer has started discussions about adding scope to the project. In this situation, it would be BEST for the project manager to:

Create new ground rules for the meetings and introduce them to the team

# All of the following result from quality audits EXCEPT

Creation of quality metrics

# is a method of scheduling that considers limited resources when creating a project schedule and includes buffers to protect the project completion date

Critical chain

# is a network diagramming technique used to predict total project duration

Critical path analysis

# To control the schedule, a project manager is analyzing the project to predict project duration. She does this by analyzing the sequence of activities with the least amount of scheduling flexibility. What technique is she using?

Critical path method

# To control the schedule, a project manager is reanalyzing the project to predict project duration. She does this by analyzing the sequence of activities with the least amount of scheduling flexibility. What technique is she using?

Critical path method

# wrote Quality Is Free in 1979 and is best known for suggesting that organizations strive for zero defects

Crosby

# Which of the following statements is not true?

Cultural differences will always be an obstacle to overcome.

# Which of the following is a KEY attribute of scope verification?

Customer acceptance of project deliverables

# Which of the following is a KEY output of the Verify Scope process?

Customer acceptance of project deliverables

# How close to actual costs should a definitive budget estimate be?

D. -5 percent to +10 percent

# If you add three more people to a project team of five, how many more communications channels will you add?

D. 18

# A is a graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time.

control chart

# An item you need for a project has a daily lease cost of $200. To purchase the item, there is an investment cost of $6000 and a daily ccost of $100. Calculate the number of days when the lease cost would be the same as the purchase cost.

D. 60

# An item you need for a project has a daily lease cost of $200. To purchase the item, there is an investment cost of $6000 and a daily cost of $100. Calculate the number of days when the lease cost would be the same as the purchase cost.

D. 60

# Which of the following items is not normally included in a project charter?

D. A Gantt chart

#Budget forecast and work performance measurement are an output of

control costs

# Regular changes, which are processed through the change control system:

D. Are coordinated and communicated across all functional areas of the project to ensure

# _________ generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization.

D. Benchmarking

# What popular book illustrates the concept that people are not interchangeable parts and uses the analogy that you cannot take nine women and produce a baby in one month?

D. Brooks's The Mythical Man•Month

# When should a change request be documented?

D. Client and contractor jointly document and approve the change before the work is scheduled

# In which process group do we transfer resources to other systems?

D. Closing

# Which of the following statements describes the relationship between project phases and project lifecycle?

D. Collectively, the project phases are known as the project lifecycle.

# ___________ is a method of scheduling that considers limited resources when creating a project schedule and includes buffers to protect the project completion date.

D. Critical chain scheduling

# Which of the following is not a process of Project Communcations Management?

D. Conflict Resolution

# The main focus of life cycle costing is to:

D. Consider operations and maintenance costs in making project decisions

# ________ is a resource sacrificed or foregone to achieve a specific objective or something given up in exchange?

D. Cost

# Which is/are the element(s) that may be a constraint in the project?

D. Cost, time, and quality

# The project status meeting is not going well. Everyone is talking at the same time, there are people who are not participating and many topics are being discussed at random. Which of the following rules for effective meetings is NOT being adhered to?

D. Create and publish an agenda and a set of rules for controlling the meeting

# Which of the following is not a best practice that can help in avoiding scope problems on information technology projects?

D. Don't involve too many users in scope management

# Which is not included in Risk Response Planning?

D. Decentralization

# Which risk identification tool involves deriving a consensus among a panel of experts using anonymous input regarding future events?

D. Delphi technique

# The receiver filters messages based on all but the following:

D. Distance

# Which of the following statements is false?

D. Fast tracking is a technique for making cost and schedule trade-off to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost,

# Which of the following contract types places the greatest risk on the seller?

D. Firm-fixed-price contract

# All of the following are communication tools EXCEPT:

D. Inputing data into a spreadsheet

# What is Team Development?

D. Helping people work together more effectively to improve project performance

# Fixed-price contracts are equivalent to:

D. Lump-sum contracts

# Which of the following is not a suggestion for improving user input?

D. Only have meetings as needed, not on a regular basis

# 80% of the problems are found in 20% of the work is a concept of:

D. Pareto

# A histogram ordered by frequency of occurrence that shows how many results were generated by each identified cause is:

D. Pareto Diagram

# All of the following statements are true regarding Pareto diagrams and Pareto theory except:

D. Pareto diagrams use two variables.

# The _____________ is the point at which the contractor assumes total responsibility for each additional dollar of contract cost.

D. Point of Total Assumption

# Which of the following is not considered a cost of nonconformance to quality?

D. Process control

# What is the structured review process from Procurement Planning to Contract Administration?

D. Procurement audits

# Which of the following is NOT a process in the project life cycle?

D. Project reporting

# A(n) is any instance where the product or service fails to meet customer requirements.

defect

# The project closing process is essential to overall project planning. What is considered one of the most important steps in closing the project?

D. Satisfying the contractual obligations

# Which is incorrect as the purpose of creating a Project plan?

D. Review the cost.

# __________ is an uncertainty that can have a negative or positive effect on meeting project objectives.

D. Risk

# When should risk identification be performed? (select best answer)

D. Risk identification should be performed on a regular basis throughout the project.

# Which of the following Project Scope Management processes involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components?

D. Scope Definition

# Which of the following is not a tool or technique for managing project teams?

D. Social Styles Profile

# All of the following are outputs from performance reporting EXCEPT:

D. Stakeholder reports

# Lessons learned are BEST completed by:

D. Stakeholders

# What is a risk trigger?

D. Symptom of risk

# Which is the most appropriate description that explains a project team member?

D. The group that carries out the work of the project.

# During the six month update on a 1 year, $50,000 project, the analysis shows that the PV is $25,000; the EV is $20,000 and the AC is $15,000. What can be determined from these figures?

D. The project is behind schedule and under cost.

# During project plan execution:

D. The project manager uses corrective action to bring future performance in line with the project plan.

# Which is the correct explanation of Scope?

D. The sum of the products and services created as a project

# Within the five overlapping process groups of initiating, planning, executing, controlling and closing which processes dominate in all project phases?

D. They are all essential in each phase

# Another name of strategic planning is

D. Top down

# __________ are indicators or symptoms of actual risk events, such as a cost overrun on early activities being a symptom of poor cost estimates.

D. Triggers

# What tool could you use to see if there is a relationship between two variables?

D. a scatter diagram

# What symbol on a Gantt chart represents a slipped milestone?

D. a white diamond

# Predecessors, successors, logical relationships, leads and lags, resource requirements, constraints, imposed dates, and assumptions are all examples of __________

D. activity attributes

# The practice of overlapping phases is often called :

D. fast tracking

# What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas in a non-linear format?

D. mind mapping

# What is the last step in the four-stage planning process for selecting information technology projects?

D. resource allocation

# A maps the work of a project as described in the WBS to the people responsible for performing the work.

D. responsibility assignment matrix

# The process of getting a group of diverse individuals to work effectively together as a team is the definition of

D. team building

# If the actual cost for a WBS item is $1500 and its earned value was $2000, what is its cost variance, and is it under or over budget?

D. the cost variance is $500, which is under budget

# What is not the purpose of project quality management?

D. to ensure that the project team doesn't miss any requirement item

# A proposal evaluation sheet is an example of a(n) ________________

D. weighted scoring model

# Given the following estimates: Optimistic 3 days, Pessimistic 9 days, and most likely 6 days, What is the PERT weighted average value for this estimation?

D.6.1

# The Time Management Process that involves identifying and documenting interactivity dependencies is called:

D.Activity Sequencing

# Schedule variance can be determined by:

D.EV - PV

# Which of the following Project Scope Management processes involves subdividing the major project deliverables into smaller, more manageable components?

D.Scope Definition

# What is the difference between scope verification and quality control?

D.Scope verification is primarily concerned with the acceptance of work results while quality control is primarily concerned with the correctness of work results.

# Which of the following tools and techniques are commonly used in the Scope Definition Process?

D.WBS templates

# proposed that an individual's specific needs are acquired or learned over time and shaped by life experiences

David McClelland

# You are in the middle of a complex negotiation when the other party says, "We need to finish in one hour because I have to catch my plane:' That person is using which of the following negotiatian strategies?

Deadline

# You are managing a six-month project and have held biweekly meetings with your project stakeholders. After five-and-a-half months of work, the project is on schedule and budget, but the stakeholders are not satisfied with the deliverables. This situation will delay the project completion by one month. The MOST important process that could have prevented this situation is:

Define Scope

# involves identifying the specific activities that the project team members and stakeholders must perform to produce the project deliverables.

Defining activities

# results in supporting detail to document important product information as well as assumptions and constraints related to specific activities

Defining activities

# ____ involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved.

Defining scope

# involves reviewing the project charter, requirements documents, and organizational process assets to create a scope statement, adding more information as requirements are developed and change requests are approved

Defining scope

# Which of the following risk events is MOST likely to interfere with attaining a project's schedule objective?

Delays in obtaining required approvals

# ___________ is a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, or hardware, produced or provided as part of a project.

Deliverable

# All of the following are outputs of the close project process EXCEPT:

Deliverables

#37 All of the following are outputs of the close project process EXCEPT:

Deliverables

# All of the following occur during the planning process group EXCEPT:

Develop project Charter.

#36 All of the following occur during the planning process group EXCEPT:

Develop project Charter.

# Which is NOT a task that is taken in pre-initiation phase?

Develop project charter

# One of 14 Points for Management states that an organization should cease dependence on inspection to achieve quality

Deming's

# fill in for project managers in their absence and assist them as needed

Deputy project managers

#14 The project life cycle differs from the product life cycle in that the project life Cycle:

Describes project management activities.

# A cost baseline is an output of which cost management process?

Determine Budget

# The project manager is allocating overall cost estimate to individual activities to establish a baseline for measuring project performance. What process is this?

Determine Budget

# The project manager is allocating overall cost estimates to individual activities to establish a baseline for measuring project performance. What process is this?

Determine Budget

#58 The project manager is allocating overall cost estimate to individual activities to establish a baseline for measuring project performance. What process is this?

Determine Budget

# You are a project manager who was just assigned to take over a project from another project manager who is leaving the company. The previous project manager tells you that the project is on schedule, but only because he has constantly pushed the team to perform. What is the FIRST thing you should do as the new project manager?

Determine a management strategy

# A control chart helps the project manager:

Determine if a process is functioning within set limits

# Which is not a task that is taken in pre-initiation phase

Develop project charter

# Which is not a task that is taken in pre-initiation phase?

Develop project charter

Which is NOT a task that is taken in pre-initiation phase?

Develop project charter

# A project manager is in the middle of the executing process of a very large construction project when he discovers that the time needed to complete the project is longer than the time available. What is the BEST thing to do?

Determine options for schedule compression and present management with his recommended option

# The float of an activity is determined by

Determining the amount of time the activity can be delayed before it delays the critical path

# involves allocating the overall cost estimate to individual work items to establish a baseline for measuring performance

Determining the budget

# Which of the following processes includes asking team members about the time estimates for their activities and reaching the agreement on the calendar date for each activity?

Develop Schedule

# Which of the following processes incudes asking team members about the time estimates for their activities and reaching agreement on the calendar date for each activity?

Develop Schedule

# The engineering department has uncovered a problem with the cost accounting system and has asked the systems department to analyze what is wrong and fix the problem. You are a project managerr working with the cost accounting programs on another project. Management has issued a change request to the change control board to add the new work to your project.

Develop a project charter

# "All project leaders use a shared road map, focusing on key business aspects of their projects while integrating goals across all parts of the organization" describes the best practice for project delivery.

Develop a streamlined project delivery

# . is a planning process falling under the Project Integration Management knowledge area

Develop project management plan

# involves identifying and documenting project roles, responsibilities, and reporting relationships

Developing the human resource plan

# . involves working with stakeholders to create the document that formally authorizes a project

Developing the project charter

# involves coordinating all planning efforts to create a consistent, coherent document

Developing the project management plan

# ____ involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance.

Developing the project team

# involves building individual and group skills to enhance project performance

Developing the project team

# ____ involves analyzing activity sequences, activity resource estimates, and activity duration estimates to create the project schedule.

Developing the schedule

# involves analyzing activity sequences, activity resource estimates, and activity duration estimates to create the project schedule

Developing the schedule

In which of the following phases, do we have to develop a Work Breakdown Structure at level +3 at least?

Development

# Which type of cost is team training?

Direct

# Approved corrective action is an input to:

Direct and Manage Project Execution

# A project manager needs to analyze the project costs to find ways to decrease costs. It would be BEST if the project manager looks at:

Direct costs and variable costs

# A new government law requires an organization to report data in a new way. Under which category would a new information system project to provide this data fall?

Directive

# are new requirements imposed by management, government, or some external influence

Directive

#41 A new government law requires an organization to report data in a new way.

Directive

A new government law requires an organization to report data in a new way. Under which category would a new information system project to provide this data fall?

Directive

# dependencies are sometimes referred to as soft logic and should be used with care since they may limit later scheduling options.

Discretionary

# You are a project manager on a $5,000,000 software development project. While working with your project team to develop a network diagram, your data architects suggest that quality could be improved if the data model is approved by senior management before moving on to other design elements. They support this suggestion with an article from a leading software development journal. Which of the following BEST describes what this type of input is called?

Discretionary dependency

# Which of the following MUST be an agenda item at all team meetings?

Discussion of project risks

# ________________ is a term used to describe various procurement functions that are now done electronically

E-procurement

# The is an estimate of what it will cost to complete the project based on performance to date.

EAC

is getting the right information to the right people at the right time and in a useful

Distribute information

# involves making needed information available to project stakeholders in a timely manner

Distributing information

# One common way to compute estimate at completion (EAC) is to take the budget at completion (BAC) and:

Divide by CPI

# A project manager is creating a risk response plan. However, every time a risk response is suggested, another risk is identified that is caused by the response. Which of the following is the BEST thing for the project manager to do?

Document the new risks and continue the Plan Risk Responses process

# While preparing your risk responses, you identify additional risks. What should you do?

Document the risk items, and calculate the expected monetary value based on probability and impact that result from the occurrences

# What should be done with risks on the watchlist?

Document them and revisit during project monitoring and controlling

# Which of the following is an example of a parametric estimate?

Dollars per module

# The is an estimate of the value of the physical work actually completed

# Variances are calculated by subtracting the actual cost or planned value from .

# Schedule variance can be determined by:

EV - PV

# Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the SPI (Schedule performance index)?

EV/PV

#59 Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the SPI (Schedule performance index)?

EV/PV

#Cost Variance (CV)

Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC)

# Which of the following represents the estimated value of the work actually accomplished?

Earned value (EV)

# __________is a project performance measurement technique that integrates scope, time, and cost data

Earned value analysis

# is a project performance measurement technique that integrates scope, time, and cost data

Earned value management

# Effective project integration usually requires an emphasis on

Effective communications at key interface points

# Your cost forecast shows that you will have a cost overrun at the end of the project. Which of the following should you do?

Eliminate risks in estimates and reestimate

# Which of media is the best choice when you want to express support or appreciation

# Which is not included in Risk Response Planning?

Enhancement

# ____ project management software integrates information from multiple projects to show the status of active, approved, and future projects across an entire organization.

Enterprise

# project management software integrates information from multiple projects to show the status of active, approved, and future projects across an entire organization

Enterprise

# The highest point of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is called:

Esteem

#Work performance measurements are output of

Estimating activities resources

# involves estimating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual activities.

Estimating activity

# ____ involves developing an approximation or estimate of the costs of the resources needed to complete a project.

Estimating costs

# involves developing an approximation or estimate of the costs of the resources needed to complete a project

Estimating costs

# Which of the following describe the BEST use of historical records from previous projects?

Estimating, risk management, and project planning

# Which of the following describes the BEST use of historical records from previous projects:

Estimating, risk management, and project planning

#42 Which of the following describe the BEST use of historical records from

Estimating, risk management, and project planning

# The project manager has just received a change from the customer that does not affect the project schedule and is easy to complete. What should the project manager do FIRST?

Evaluate the impacts on other project constraints

# The project team is arguing about the prospective sellers who have submitted proposals. One team member argues for a certain seller while another team member wants the project to be awarded to a different seller, The BEST thing the project manager should remind the team to focus on in order to make a selection is the:

Evaluation criteria

# The purpose of a quality audit includes all of the following except:

Examines the work of the project and formally accepts the work results

# The purpose of a quality audit includes all of the following except:

Examines the work of the project and formally accepts the work results.

# The purpose of status meetings is to:

Exchange information about the project

# Direct and manage project executing belongs to the ...... PM Process Group.

Executing

# Perform quality assurance belong to the ________ PM Process Group.

Executing

# _______processes include coordinating people and other resources to carry out the project plans and produce the products, services, or results of the project or phase

Executing

# the project involves taking the actions necessary to ensure that activities in the project plan are completed.

Executing

#33 Direct and manage project executing belongs to the ......PM Process Group.

Executing

Direct and manage project executing belongs to the ...... PM Process Group.

Executing

_______processes include coordinating people and other resources to carry out the project plans and produce the products, services, or results of the project or phase

Executing

# support contributes the most to successful information technology projects

Executiv

# According to the Standish group, which of the following factors contributes most to the success of information technology projects?

Executive support

# What theory proposes that employees' efforts will lead to effective performance and the employees will be rewarded for accomplishments?

Expectancy

# If a risk event has a 90 percent chance of occurring, and the consequences will be $10,000, what does $9,000 represent?

Expected monetary value

# All of the following are forms of power derived from the project manager's position EXCEPT:

Expert

# You are a project manager leading a cross-functional project team in a weak matrix environment. None of your project team members report to you functionally, and you do not have the ability to directly reward their performance. The project is difficult, involving tight date constraints and challenging quality standards. Which of the following types of project management power will likely be the MOST effective in this circumstance?

Expert

# Michael is the project manager of the 98GH Project. This project requires several members of the project team to complete a certification class for another project the week of November 2. This class causes some of the project activities on Michael's activities to be delayed from his target schedule. This is an example of which of the following?

External dependencies

# is a cost that relates to all errors not detected and not corrected before delivery to the customer.

External failure cost

# Which of the following is a chief characteristic of the Delphi technique

Expert opinion

# You are in the middle of executing a major modification to an existing product when you learn that the resources promised at the beginning of the project are not available. The BEST thing to do is to:

Explain the impact if the promised resources are not made available

# dependencies involve relationships between project and non-project activities

Externa

# Michael is the project manager of the 98GH Project. This project requires several members of the project team to complete a certification class for another project the week of November 2.

External dependencies

# A commonsense approach to improving the coordination between project plan development and execution is to follow this simple rule: Those who will do the work should not plan the work

# A project charter typically does not authorize the project manager to use organizational resources to complete the project.

# A stakeholder analysis should be part of the overall project

# An organization's information technology project selection process should guide the strategic plan.

# Many projects fail because of unclear requirements and expectations, so starting with a project charter makes a lot of sense.

# Net present value and cash flow mean the same thing.

# Opportunities and directives are essentially the same

# Project integration management does not include interface management

# Project integration management must occur just within the context of a particular project.

# Project managers should never be involved in strategic planning and project selection

# Selecting projects is considered an exact science

# The ROI is always positive.

# The first step in creating a weighted scoring model is to assign a weight to each criterion.

# The introduction or overview of a project must only include a list of definitions and acronyms.

# The organization should complete low-priority projects before high-priority ones, if the low-priority ones take less time

# You can use the NPV function in Microsoft Access to calculate the NPV quickly.

# The bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as ____ needs.

deficiency

# Standard deviation is a measure of how:

Far the measurement is from the mean

# involves doing activities in parallel that you would normally do in sequence

Fast

# You are the project manager for the 987 Project. Should this project run over schedule, it will cost your organization $35,000 per day in lost sales. With four months to completion, you realize the project is running late. You decide, with management's approval, to change the relationship between several of the work packages so they begin in tandem rather than sequentially. This is an example of which one of the following?

Fast tracking

# are the system's special characteristics that appeal to users

Features

# Which is not a process group in project management (as mentioned in the PMBOK)?

Feedback

Which is not a process group in project management (as mentioned in the PMBOK)?

Feedback

# The project manager is expecting a deliverable to be submitted by e-mail from a team member today. At the end of the day, the project manager contacts the team member to notify him that it has not been received. The team member apologizes and says that he was not able to e- mail the deliverable, and it was sent through themail instead. The team member goes on to explain that he notified the project manager that this would occur during a phone conversation they had while the project manager was traveling. "Wasn't that the conversation we had when I told you I could not hear you well due to poor cell phone coverage?" asks the project manager. "Yes," replies the team member. What could have avoided this problem?

Feedback during the communication

# Which is not a process group in project management lifecycle (as mentioned in the PMBOK)?

Feedback process group

# In general, for which phase is risk and uncertainty minimum?

Final phase

# A control chart shows seven data points in a row on one side of the mean. What should be done?

Find an assignable cause

ADM format of network diagram

Finish-to-Start

# Which of the following contract types places the greatest risk on the seller?

Firm-fixed-price contract

# Project setup costs are an example of:

Fixed costs

# Which is the one not included in the features of a project?

Fixed operation

#75 Which is the one not included in the features of a project?

Fixed operation

# With which type of contract is the seller MOST concerned about project scope?

Fixed price

# You are asked to select tools and techniques to implement a quality assurance program to supplement existing quality control activities. Which of the following would NOT be appropriate for this purpose?

Focus groups

# Pareto charts help project manager _____

Focus on most critical issues to improve quality.

#63 Pareto charts help project manager _____

Focus on most critical issues to improve quality.

# Pareto charts help the project manager:

Focus on the most critical issues to improve quality

# predict future project status and progress based on past information and trends

Forecasts

# You are in the middle of a major new facility construction project. The structural steel is in place and the heating conduits are going into place, when a senior manager informs you that he is worried that the project will not meet the quality standards. What should you do in this situation?

Form a quality assurance team

# The project is just starting out and consists of people from 14 different departments. The project charter was signed by one person and contains over 30 major requirements that must be met on the project. The sponsor has informed the project manager that the SPI must be kept between 0.95 and 1.1. A few minutes of investigation resulted in the identification of 34 stakeholders, and the schedule objectives on the project are constrained. A project manager has just been hired. Which of the following types of project management power will BEST help the project manager gain the cooperation of others?

Formal

# Which of the following is output of the scope verification processFormal acceptance

Formal acceptance

#4 A project manager is trying to complete a software development project, but cannot get enough attention for the project.

Functional

# A project manager has a project team consisting of people in four countries. The project is very important to the company, and the project manager is concerned about its success. The length of the project schedule is acceptable. What type of communication should he use?

Formal written communication

# Communications under a contract should tend toward:

Formal written communication

# The project status report is an example of which type of communication?

Formal written communication

# is best known for distinguishing between motivational factors and hygiene factors when considering motivation in work settings

Frederick Herzberg

# is the amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediately following activities

Free slack

# During the middle of the project, things have been going well. The work authorization system has allowed people to know when to start work, and the issue log has helped keep track of stakeholders' needs. The benefit cost ratio has been improving, and the sponsor has expressed his appreciation for the team members' efforts by hosting a milestone party for the team. The project manager gets a call from a team member saying that the results from the completion of their activity's predecessor is two days late. Which of the following reasons would BEST describe why this occurred?

Functional management was not included in the communications management plan

# During project planning in a matrix organization, the project manager determines that additional human resources are needed. From whom would he request these resources?

Functional manager

# In which organization are the project manager's independence and authority weakest?

Functional organization

# ____ is the degree to which a system performs its intended function.

Functionality

# You are a project manager for a new product development project that has four levels in the work breakdown structure. A network diagram has been created, the duration estimates have been compressed, and a schedule has been developed. What time management activity should you do NEXT?

Gain approval

# Which of the following BEST describes product analysis?

Gaining a better understanding of the product of the project in order to create the project scope statement

# provide(s) a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a calendar format

Gantt charts

# Negotiations between two parties are becoming complex, so party A makes some notes that both parties sign. However, when the work is being done, party B claims that they are not required to provide an item they both agreed toduring negotiations, because it was not included in the subsequent contract. In this case, party B is:

Generally correct, because both parties are only required to perform what is in the contract

# Monte Carlo analysis is used to:

Get an indication of the risk involved in the project

# A particular stakeholder has a reputation for making many changes on projects. What is the BEST approach a project manager can take at the beginning of the project to manage this situation?

Get the stakeholder involved in the project as early as possible

# A particular stakeholder has a reputation for making changes on projects. What is the BEST approach a project manager can take at the beginning of the project to manage this situation?

Get the stakeholder involved in the project as early as possible.

#9 All of the following are parts of the team's stakeholder management effort EXCEPT?

Giving stakeholder's extras

# All of the following are parts of the team's stakeholder management effort EXCEPT?

Giving stakeholders extras

#32 All of the following are part of the team's stakeholder management effort

Giving stakeholders extras

# All of the following are part of the team's stakeholder management effort EXCEPT

Giving stakeholders extras.

# You have just started administering a contract when management decides to terminate the contract. What should you do FIRST?

Go to the Close Procurements process

# Which strategic technology considers in efficient using of computer resources, social responsibility, and environmental impact?

Green IT

Which of the following characteristics shows the degree to which work activities are organized around groups or team, rather than individuals?

Group emphasis

# Which of the following is not one project attribute?

Has one or more purposes

Which of the following is not one project attribute?

Has one or more purposes

# A project manager wants to more extensively involve the stakeholders on the project. Which of the following would be the BEST way to accomplish this?

Have the stakeholders periodically review the list of project requirements

# The new project is exciting to both the project manager and the team. This is the project manager's first assignment as project manager. The team has the feeling that they will be able to complete work that has never been tried before. There are 29 people contributing to the product description, and the team consists of nine highly experienced experts in their field. Part of the way through planning, three highly technical team members are disagreeing about the scope of two of the deliverables.

He should listen to the differences of opinions, encourage logical discussions, and facilitate an agreement

# The bottom four needs in Maslow's structure are referred to as needs

deficiency

# The sponsor's role on a project is BEST described as:

Helping to prevent unnecessary changes to project objectives

# found that people were motivated to work mostly by feelings of personal achievement and recognition

Herzberg

# Project manager's authority in the project organization structure is

High to almost total

Project manager's authority in the project organization structure is ___________.

High to almost total

# . tools, sometimes referred to as enterprise project management software, provide robust capabilities to handle very large projects

High-end

# A staffing management plan often includes a resource ___________, which is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to the project overtime.

Histogram

# You are a new project manager who has never managed a project before. You have been asked to plan a new project. It would be BEST in this situation to rely on ____ during planning in order to improve your chance of success.

Historical information

# Company procedures require the creation of a lessons learned document. Which of the following is the BEST use of lessons learned?

Historical records for future projects

#22 Company procedures require the creation of a lessons learned document.Which of the following is the BEST use of lessons learned?

Historical records for future projects

#29 Company procedures require the creation of a lessons learned document.

Historical records for future projects

# The requirements of many stakeholders were not approved for inclusion in your project. Therefore, you had a difficult time receiving formal approval of the project management plan for this project. The stakeholders argued and held up the project while they held meeting after meeting about their requirements. The project was finally approved and work began six months ago. All of the following would be good preventive actions to implement EXCEPT:

Hold meetings with the stakeholders to go over the work that will not be added to the project

# Project performance appraisals are different from team performance assessments in that project performance appraisals focus on:

How an individual team member is performing on the project

# , a quality system standard developed by the ISO, is a three-part, continuous cycle of planning, controlling, and documenting quality in an organization

ISO 9000

# __ addresses the authority and control for key IT activities in organizations, including IT infrastructure, IT use, and project management

IT govemance

# Risks will be identified during which risk management process(es)?

Identify Risks and Monitor and Control Risks

# A project manager has just taken over the project from another project manager during the execution of the project. The previous project manager created a project budget, determined communications requirements, and went on to complete work packages. What should the new project manager do NEXT?

Identify quality standards

# A work breakdown structure numbering system allows the project staff to:

Identify the level at which individual elements are found

# In which of the following phases, can we develop a definitive cost estimate?

Implementation

In which of the following phases, can we develop a definitive cost estimate?

Implementation

# Which of the following can create the MOST misinterpretation in the project scope statement?

Imprecise language

# Which is not an advantage of project management?

Improve developer's skill

#1 Four project managers are having lunch together and discussing their projects. Most of the time they are just complaining about how hard projects are to manage in their company

Improved project manager control over resources

# Which of the following explains why quality is planned in and not inspected in?

It improves quality and is less expensive

# A manager notices that a project manager is holding a meeting with some of the team and some stakeholders to discuss the quality of the project. The project schedule has been compressed, and the CPI is 1.1. They have worked hard on the project, the team has been rewarded according to the reward system the project manager put in place, and there is a strong sense of team. The manager suggests that the project manager does not have enough time to hold meetings about quality when the schedule is so compressed. Which of the following BEST describes why the manager is wrong?

Improved quality leads to increased productivity, increased cost effectiveness, and decreased cost risk

# In Balanced Matrix Organization Structure type, .... will control the project budget.

In Balanced Matrix Organization Structure type, .... will control the project budget. | Mixed (Functional manager and PM)

# How is a projectized organization set up?

In a projectized organization, the entire company is organized by projects. Personnel are assigned and report to a project manager.

# Your company has an emergency and needs contracted work done as soon as possible. Under these circumstances, which of the following would be the MOST helpful to add to the contract?

Incentives

# Which of the following is an advantage of centralized contracting?

Increased expertise

# The project you are working on has an increase in cost effectiveness, increased productivity, and increased morale. What might be the reason for these changes?

Increased quality

# The program was planned years ago, before there was a massive introduction of new technology. While planning the next project in this program, the project manager has expanded the scope management plan because as a project becomes more complex, the level of uncertainty in the scope:

Increases

# Which is not a disadvantage of virtual teams?

Increasing costs because it requires office space or requires more support

# What is a risk trigger?

Indicator of the risk

# are costs that are not directly related to the products or services of the project, but are indirectly related to performing the project

Indirect costs

# employees are also more likely to enroll voluntarily in classes on the latest technology than those on developing their soft skills

Individual

# Which is the correct explanation of a Stakeholder?

Individual or organization influenced by the project

# You provide a project cost estimate for the project to the project sponsor. He is unhappy with the estimate, because he thinks the price should be lower. He asks you to cut 15 percent off the project estimate. What should you do?

Inform the sponsor of the activities to be cut

# A project manager has a problem with a team member's performance. What is the BEST form of communication for addressing this problem?

Informal verbal communication

# Which of the following is not part of the three-sphere model for systems management?

Information

# In the ____ stage, organizations tie information technology strategy to mission and vision of organization and identify key business areas.

Information Technology Strategy Planning

# In the stage, organizations tie information technology strategy to mission and vision of organization and identify key business areas

Information Technology Strategy Planning

# A rough order of magnitude estimate is made during which project management process group?

Initiating

# Develop project charter work belongs to the_________ PM Process Group.

Initiating

# In which process group do we identify human and non-human resources required for a project?

Initiating

# The high-level project schedule constraints have just been determined. What project management process group are you in

Initiating

# The project charter is created in which project management process group

Initiating

Develop project charter work belongs to the_________ PM Process Group.

Initiating

In which process group do we identify human and non-human resources required for a project?

Initiating

#15 Stakeholders can be identified in which project management process group?

Initiating and planning

# include defining and authorizing a project or project phase

Initiating processes

# Stakeholders can be identified in which project management process groups?

Initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing

# A project has three critical paths. Which of the following BEST describes how this affects the project?

It increases the project risk

# All of the following are factors in the assessment of project risk EXCEPT:

Insurance premiums

Company A decided to build a website

Intangible benefit tangible cost

# is a monitoring and controlling

Integrated change

# ____ is a monitoring and controlling process.

Integrated change control

# The need for ___ is one of the major driving forces for communication in a project.

Integration

# The work breakdown structure can be an effective aid for communication in which situation(s)

Internal and external to the project

# Which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time consuming?

Interview

# _____ causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment

Intrinsic

# ___________causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.

Intrinsic motivation

# Which of the following is not a guideline to help improve time spent at meetings?

Invite extra people who support your project to make it run more smoothly

# A project manager has assembled the project team, identified 56 risks on the project, determined what would trigger the risks, rated them on a risk rating matrix, tested their assumptions, and assessed the quality of the data used. The team is continuing to move through the risk management process. What has the project manager forgotten to do?

Involvement of other stakeholders

# An activity has an early start (ES) of day 3, a late start (LS) of day 13, an early finish (EF) of day 9, and a late finish (LF) of day 19. The activity:

Is not on the critical path

# As the project manager, you are preparing your methods for quality management. You are looking for a method that can demonstrate the relationship between events and their resulting effects. You want to use a method to depict the events that cause a negative effect on quality. Which of the following is the BEST choice for accomplishing your objective?

Ishikawa diagram

#65 As the project manager, you are preparing your methods for quality management. You are looking for a method that can demonstrate the relationship between events and their resulting effects.

Ishikawa diagram

# A seller is awarded a contract to build a pipeline. The contract terms and conditions require that a work plan be issued for the buyer's approval prior to commencing work, but the seller fails to provide one. Which of the following is the BEST thing for the buyer's project manager to do?

Issue a default letter

# Which ofthe following BEST describes the Verify Scope process?

It ensures customer acceptance, shows that the deliverable meets specifications, and provides a chance for differences of opinion to come to light

# A project manager is trying to convince management to use more formal project management procedures and has decided to start improving the company's project management by obtaining a project charter. Wich of the following BEST describes why the project charter would help the project manager?

It gives the project manager authority

# Which of the following is a benefit of an analogous project estimate?

It gives the project team an understanding of management's expectations

# Once signed, a contract is legally binding unless:

It is in violation of applicable law

# Of the following, which one is the best example of progressive elaboration?

It is the process of identifying the business needs of a potential project.

# Scope definition is important to the success of the project EXCEPT:

It serves as the basis for future project decisions.

#34 Scope definition is important to the success of the project EXCEPT:

It serves as the basis for future project decisions.

# In planning your project, which would generally have the highest priority: quality, cost, or schedule?

It should be decided for each project

# uses highly organized and intensive workshops to bring together project stakeholders—the sponsor, users, business analysts, programmers, and so on—to jointly define and design information systems

JAD

# One of ten steps states that an organization should build awareness of the need and opportunity for improvement

Juran's

#According to Luc Richard, the founder of www.projectmangler.com, five points of using project milestones include the following, except

Keep project milestones to be medium/large and nearly frequent

# Another name for a phase exit is a .................. point

Kill

# Contingency reserves are used to handle which type of risk?

Known unknowns

# During project executing, the project manager determines that a change is needed to material purchased for the project. The project manager calls a meeting of the team to plan how to make the change. This is an example of:

Lack of a change management plan

# Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of poor risk management?

Lack of a prioritized list of risks (NOT Inadequate risk response planning)

# During every project team meeting, the project manager asks each team member to describe the work he or she is doing, and the project manager assigns new activities to team members. The length of these meetings has increased because there are many different activities to assign. This could be happening for all the following reasons EXCEPT:

Lack of resource leveling

The dependencies of Task B on Task A is Finish-to-Start

Lead

states that when many items are produced repetitively, the unit cost of those items

Leaning curve theory

# _____ is getting people to do things based on a position of authority.

Legitimate power

#69 _____ isgetting people to do things based on a position of authority.

Legitimate power

# All of the following are parts of an effective change management plan EXCEPT:

Lessons learned

# A project manager is trying to settle a dispute between two team members. One says the systems should be integrated before testing, and the other maintains each system should be tested before integration. The project involves over 30 people, and 12 systems need to be integrated. The sponsor is demanding that integration happen on time. What is the BEST statement the project manager can make to resolve the conflict?

Let's do limited testing before integration and finish testing after integration

# Rearranging resources so that a constant number of resources is used each month is called:

Leveling

# Which of the following methods is used to provide a standard to measure performance?

Leveling

# ____ helps you develop an accurate projection of a project's financial costs and benefits.

Life cycle costing

# helps you develop an accurate projection of a project's financial costs and benefits

Life cycle costing

considers the total cost of ownership

Lifecycle costing

____ is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.

Project management

# This project is chartered to determine new ways to extend the product life of one of the company's medium-producing products. The project manager comes from the engineering department, and the team comes from product management and marketing departments.

Look for how this schedule change will impact the cost to complete the work package and the quality of the product of the work package

# Work on a project is ongoing when the project manager overhears two workers arguing over what a set of instructions mean. The project manager investigates and discovers that the instructions for the construction of the concrete footings currently being poured were poorly translated between the different languages in use on the project. Which of the following is the BEST thing for the project manager to do FIRST?

Look for quality impacts of the poor translation of the instructions for the footings

# __ tools are often recommended for small projects and single users.

Low-end

Which of the following is a not a potential advantage of using good project management?

Lower cost of capital

# ____ contracts involve a fixed total price for a well-defined product or service.

Lump sum

# addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product

Maintainability

# When a project manager is engaged in negotiations, nonverbal communication skills are of:

Major importance

# During project executing, a large number of changes are made to the project. The project manager should:

Make approved changes as needed, but retain the schedule baseline

# The project is calculated to be completed four days after the desired completion date. You do not have access to additional resources. The project is low risk, the benefit cost ratio (BCR) is expected to be 1.6, and the dependencies are preferential. Under these circumstances, what would be the BEST thing to do?

Make more activities concurrent

# The project manager is looking at the project's resource needs and lessons learned from past projects. This information causes the project manager to be concerned about the ability to acquire enough resources for the project in six months. Which of the following would be the LEAST effective preventive action?

Make sure functional managers have a copy of the resource histogram

# Which of the following items is not an objective of integrated change control?

Make sure that project get more money from customer

Which of the following items is not an objective of integrated change control?

Make sure that project get more money from customer

# After much excitement and hard work, the procurement statement of work for the project is completed. Even after gaining agreement that the procurement statement of work is complete, the project manager is still concerned whether it actually addresses all the buyer's needs. The project manager is about to attend the bidder conference. He asks you for advice on what to do during the session. Which of the following is the BEST advice you can give him?

Make sure you give all the sellers enough time to ask questions. They may not want to ask questions while their competitors are in the room

# Which ofthe following activities occurs during the Plan Procurements process?

Make-or-buy decisions

# A work authorization system can be used to:

Manage what time and in what sequence work is done

# A PMO, or Project Office, is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization

Management

# allow for future situations that are unpredictable

Management reserves

# ____ involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance.

Managing the project team

# involves tracking team member performance, motivating team members, providing timely feedback, resolving issues and conflicts, and coordinating changes to help enhance project performance.

Managing the project team

# dependencies are inherent in the nature of the work being performed on a project.

Mandatory

# A dependency requiring that design be completed before manufacturing can start is an example of a:

Mandatory dependency

# Most people agree that the modern concept of project management began with the .

Manhattan

# To what does the following sentence refer? "The point where the benefits or revenue to be received from improving quality equals the incremental cost to achieve that quality"

Marginal analysis

# Personnel in a _____________ organization structure often report to two or more bosses

Matrix

# Which is the most appropriate description of the stakeholder's influence on the project life cycle?

Maximum at the start and then gradually weakens towards the end of the project.

# What major restaurant chain terminated a large project after spending $170 millions on it, primarily because they realized the project scope was too much to handle?

McDonald's

#46 What major restaurant chain terminated a large project after spending $170 millions on it

McDonald's

# You are assigned as the project manager in the middle of the project. The project is within the baselines, but the customer is not happy with the performance of the project. What is the FIRST thing you should do?

Meet with the customer

# Which of the following is the BEST thing to do to try to complete a project two days earlier?

Meet with the team and look for options for crashing or fast tracking the critical path

# Senior management is complaining that they are not able to easily determine the status of ongoing projects in the organization. Which of the following type of reports that would help provided summary information to senior management?

Milestone reports

# Senior management is complaining that they are not able to easily determine the status of ongoing projects in the organization. Which of the following types of reports would help provide summary information to senior management?

Milestone reports

#50 Senior management is complaining that they are not able to easily determine the status of ongoing projects in the organization.

Milestone reports

# is matching certain behaviors of the other person

Mirrorin

# A risk response which involves reducing the impact of a risk event by reducing the probability of its occurrence is called:

Mitigation

# In Balanced Matrix Organization Structure type, .... will control the project budget.

Mixed (Functional manager and PM)

# In Balanced Matrix Organization Structure type, ....will control the project budget.

Mixed (Functional manager and PM)

# Workarounds are determined during which risk management process?

Monitor and Control Risks

# You were in the middle of a two-year project to deploy new technology to field offices across the country. A hurricane caused power outages just when the upgrade was near completion. When the power was restored, all of the project reports and historical data were lost with no way of retrieving them. What should have been done to prevent this problem?

Monitor the weather and have a contingency plan

# Control project schedule belongs to the ________ PM Process Group

Monitoring and Controlling

# Control project schedule belongs to the ________ PM Process Group.

Monitoring and Controlling

# Report performance belongs to the ________ PM Process Group.

Monitoring and Controlling

#39 Control project schedule belongs to the ________ PM Process Group.

Monitoring and Controlling

# During which project management process group are budget forecasts created?

Monitoring and controlling

# _______processes include coordinating people and other resources to carry out the project plans and produce the products, services, or results of the project or phase

Monitoring and controlling

______ involves measuring progress toward project objectives and taking corrective actions

Monitoring and controlling

# ____ involves monitoring identified and residual risks, identifying new risks, carrying out risk response plans, and evaluating the effectiveness of risk strategies throughout the life of the project.

Monitoring and controlling risk

# During the Identify Risks process, a project manager made a long list of risks identified by all the stakeholders using various methods. He then made sure that all the risks were understood and that triggers had been identified. Later, in the Plan Risk Responses process, he took all the risks identified by the stakeholders and determined ways to mitigate them. What has he done wrong?

More people should be involved in the Plan Risk Responses process

Achievement, recognition, the work itself, responsibility, advancement, and growth, which produce job

Motivational factors

# The halo effect refers to the tendency to:

Move people into project management because they are good in their technical fields.

# Which of the following are NOT the direct results of managing the project team

Negotiating staff assignments

#72 Which of the following are NOT the direct results of managing the project team?

Negotiating staff assignments

# As part of the records management system, you are trying to make sure thatall records from the procurement are documented and indexed. Which of the following do you NOT have to worry about?

Negotiation process

# ____ analysis is a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time.

Net present value

# analysis is a method of calculating the expected net monetary gain or loss from a project by discounting all expected future cash inflows and outflows to the present point in time

Net present value

# Which of the following is the BEST project management tool to use to determine the longest time the project will take?

Network diagram

#24 Consideration of ongoing operations and maintenance is crucially important to products of projects. Ongoing operations and maintenance should:

Not be viewed as part of a project. A project is temporary with a definite beginning and end

# Consideration of ongoing operations and maintenance is crucially important to products of projects. Ongoing operations and maintenance should:

Not be viewed as part of a project. A project is temporary with a definite beginning and end.

#30 Consideration of ongoing operations and maintenance is crucially important to

Not be viewed as part of a project. A project is temporary with a definite beginning and end.

# A project manager's scope management efforts are being audited. The cost performance index (CPI) on the project is 1.13, and the benefit cost ratio (BCR) is 1.2. The project scope was created by the team and stakeholders. Requirements on the project have been changing throughout the project.

Not being able to measure completion of the product of the project

#11 The project is in the planning process group when three stakeholders come to the Project manager asking for information on the companys new project management Methodology

Notify the project management office

# What is one of the KEY objectives during contract negotiations?

Obtain a fair and reasonable price

#12 A project manager is managing his second project. It started one month after the First and both are ongoing.

Obtain historical records and guidance from the PMO

# Close Procurements is different from Close Project or Phase in that Close Procurements:

Occurs before project closure

#21 Operational work is different from project work in that it is:

On-going and repetitive

# Which of the following is not a suggestion for improving user input?

Only have meetings as needed, not on a regular basis

#5 A project manager has very little project expenditure, but he has been assigned as the project manager of a new project

Open and accurate

# ____ refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment.

Open-systems focus

# refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment.

Open-systems focus

# At which development phase, the cost to correct a software requirement defect is highest?

Operation

# A project has had some problems, but now seems under control. In the last few months, almost all the reserve has been used up and most of the negative impacts of events that had been predicted have occurred. There are only four activities left, and two of them are on the critical path. Management now informs the project manager that it would be in the performing organizations best interest to finish the project two weeks earlier than scheduled in order to receive an additional profit.

Opportunities

# Assuming that the ends of a range of estimates are +/- 3 sigma from the mean, which of the following range estimates involves the LEAST risk?

Optimistic = 26 days, most likely = 30 days, pessimistic = 33 days

#17 Your management has decided that all orders will be treated as "project" and that project managers will be used to update orders daily, resolving issues and

Order incurring revenue over $100,000 would be considered project and would involve project management

# is a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization

Organizational culture

# A new store development project requires the purchase of various equipment, machinery, and furniture. The department responsible for the development recently centralized its external purchasing process and standardized its new order system. In which document can these new procedures be found?

Organizational policies

# The ____ is a network diagramming technique in which boxes represent activities

PDM

# The is a network diagramming technique in which boxes represent activities

PDM

# A project manager is using weighted average duration estimates to perform schedule network analysis. Which type of mathematical analysis is being used?

PERT

# use(s) probabilistic time estimates—duration estimates based on using optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic estimates of activity durations—instead of one specific or discrete duration estimate

PERT

# Just as passing the CPA exam is a standard for accountants, passing the exam is becoming a standard for project managers

PMP

What methodology was developed in the U.K., defines 45 separate subprocesses, and organizes these into eight process groups?

PRINCE2

# The is that portion of the approved total cost estimate planned to be spent on an activity during a given period

# A team member from research and development tells you that her work is too creative to provide you with a fixed single estimate for the activity. You both decide to use the labor hours per installation from past projects to predict the future. This is an example of which of the following?

Parametric estimating

uses project characteristics in a mathematical model to estimate project costs

Parametric modeling

# help(s) you identify the vital few contributors that account for most quality problems in a system.

Pareto charts

# states that work expands to fill the time allowed

Parkinson's Law

# The project schedule information section should include the following items, except for

Payment schedule

# Which of the following represent the portion of the approved total cost estimate planned to be spent on an activity during a given period?

Planned value (PV)

# A watchlist is an output of which risk management process?

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

# During project executing, a project team member informs the project manager that a work package has not met the quality metric, and that she believes it is not possible to meet it. The project manager meets with all parties concerned to analyze the situation. Which part of the quality management process is the project manager involved in?

Perform Quality Control

# Verify Scope is closely related to:

Perform Quality Control

# You are a project manager for the construction of a major new manufacturing plant that has never been done before. The project cost is estimated at $30,000,000 and will make use of three sellers. Once begun, the project cannot be cancelled, as there will be a large expenditure on plant and equipment.

Perform an identification of risks

a structured review of specific quality management

Perform quality audit

Validated changes are output of

Perform quality control

# If project time and cost are not as important as the number of resources used each month, which of the following is the BEST thing to do?

Perform resource leveling

# addresses how well a product or service performs the customer's intended use

Performance

# Earned value analysis is an example of

Performance reporting

# provide information on how project execution is going

Performance reports

#56 Which of the following represent the portion of the approved total cost estimate planned to be spenton an activity during a given period?

Planned value (PV)

# Define activities and sequence activities belong to the__________PM Process Group.

Planning

# During what part of the project management process group is the project scope statement created?

Planning

# All of the following would occur during the Close Project or phase process EXCEPT:

Performing benefit cost analysis

# involves periodically evaluating overall project performance to ensure that the project will satisfy the relevant quality standards

Performing quality assurance

# ____ involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality.

Performing quality control

# involves monitoring specific project results to ensure that they comply with the relevant quality standards while identifying ways to improve overall quality

Performing quality control

# At the bottom of Maslow's pyramid or hierarchy of needs are _____ needs

Physiological

# A project manager is in the middle of creating a request for proposal (RFP). What part of the procurement process is she in?

Plan Procurements

# The project team seems to like to argue; they have argued about everything. Luckily the project manager has set in place a reward system and team-building sessions that will help and encourage the team to cooperate more. The Iatest thing they are arguing about is whether they should complete a work package themselves or outsource the work to someone else. What part of the procurement process must they be in?

Plan Procurements

# A project is facing a major change to its project deliverables. If the project manager is involved in determining which quality standards are relevant to the change, the project manager must be involved in:

Plan Quality

# You have just been assigned as the project manager for a new telecommunications project that is entering the second phase of the project. There appear to be many risks on this project, but no one has evaluated them to assess the range of possible project outcomes. What needs to be done?

Plan Risk Management

# During which risk management process is a determination to transfer a risk made?

Plan Risk Responses

# is crucial in information technology projects because once a project team implements a new system, it takes a considerable amount of effort to change the system

Planning

# involves determining the information and communications needs of the stakeholders

Planning communication

# include devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization's needs

Planning processes

# ____ involves determining what to procure, when, and how.

Planning procurements

# includes identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and how to satisfy those standards

Planning quality

Quality checklists and quality metrics are output of

Planning quality

# ____ involves deciding how to approach and plan the risk management activities for the project.

Planning risk management

# The _____________ is the point at which the contractor assumes total responsibility for each additional dollar of contract cost.

Point of Total Assumption

# ______help their organizations make wise investment decisions by helping to select and analyze projects from a strategic perspective

Portfolio managers

______help their organizations make wise investment decisions by helping to select and analyze projects from a strategic perspective

Portfolio managers

# You are a project manager on a $5,000,000 software development project. While working with your project team to develop a network diagram, you notice a series of activities that can be worked in parallel but must finish in a specific sequence. What type of activity sequencing method is required for these activities?

Precedence diagramming method

# All of the following are outputs of the scope definition process EXCEPT:

Preliminary project scope statement

#47 All of the following are outputs of the scope definition process EXCEPT:

Preliminary project scope statement

# When it comes to changes, the project manager's attention is BEST given to:

Preventing unnecessary changes

# A project team member comes to the project manager during project execution to tell him that they feel the project cannot meet its quality standards. The project manager calls a meeting of the affected stakeholders to work through the problem.

Quality assurance

# A project team is creating a project management plan when management asks them to identify project risks and provide some form of qualitative output as soon as possible. What should the project team provide?

Prioritized list of project risks

# Which of the following conflict resolution techniques will generate the MOST lasting solution?

Problem solving

# correct(s) or prevent(s) further quality problems based on quality control measurements

Process adjustments

# Monitoring cost expended to date in order to detect variances from the plan occurs during:

Product performance reviews

# PMI provides certification as a Project Management (PMP), someone who has documented sufficient project experience and education, agreed to follow the PMI code of professional conduct, and demonstrated knowledge of the field of project management by passing a comprehensive examination.

Professional

# is the ratio of revenues to profits

Profit margin

# You have just been assigned as project manager for a large manufacturing project. This one-year project is about halfway done. It involves five different sellers and 20 members of your company on the project team. You want to quickly review where the project now stands. Which of the following reports would be the MOST helpful in finding such information?

Progress

# Which of the following are GENERALLY illustrated BETTER by bar charts than network diagrams?

Progress or status

# describe what the project team has accomplished during a certain period

Progress reports

# What is the process of gradual, step-wise reduction to details of the project products and the characteristics of new services called?

Progressive elaboration

# ___________ is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result

Project

A _____ is temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result.

Project

# Project A has an internal rate of return (IRR) of 21 percent. Project B has an IRR of 7 percent. Project C has an IRR of 31 percent. Project D has an IRR of 19 percent.

Project C

# Your company can accept one of the three posible projects. Project A has a net present value (NPV) of $30,000 and will take six years to complete. Project B has a net present value of $60,000 and will take three years to complete. Project C has an NPV of $90,000 and will take four years to complete.

Project C

# Which of the following items is not a primary output of Create WBS process?

Project Charter

What is the certification program called that the Project Management Institute provides?

Project Management Professional (PMP)

# Which is not an activity of Time management knowledge area?

Project Plan Development

# In the stage of selecting information technology projects, organizations define project scope, benefits, and constraints

Project Planning

# An output of the Close Project or Phase process is the creation of ____

Project archives

# An output of the Close Project or Phase process is the creation of:

Project archives

# are a complete set of organized project records that provide an accurate history of the project

Project archives

#43 An output of the Close Project or Phase process is the creation of

Project archives

# includes the processes required to ensure that a project team completes a project within an approved budget

Project cost management

# A rough order of magnitude estimate is made during which project management process group?

Project initiating

# The project team has created a plan for how they will implement the quality policy. It addresses the organizational structure, responsibilities, procedures, and other information about plans for quality. If this changes during the project, WHICH of the following plans will also change?

Project management

# Which of the following concerns on tactical goals?

Project management

# ___________ is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements

Project management

Which of the following concerns on tactical goals?

Project management

# Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between project lifecycle phases and project management processes?

Project management processes can repeat within a project lifecycle.

# A project manager for a small construction company has a project that was budgeted for $130,000 over a six-week period. According to her schedule, the project should have cost $60,000 to date. However, it has cost US $90,000 to date. The project is also behind schedule, because the original estimates were not accurate. Who has the PRIMARY responsibility to solve this problem?

Project manager

# Integration is done by the

Project manager

# Integration is done by the:

Project manager

# Who is ultimately responsible for quality management in the project?

Project manager

# Who is ultimately responsible for quality management on the project?

Project manager

# A project has several teams. Team C has repeatedly missed deadlines in the past. This has caused team D to have to crash the critical path several times. As the team leader for team D, you should meet with the:

Project manager and the leader of team C

# A project management plan should be realistic in order to be used to manage the project. Which of the following is the BEST method to achieve a realistic project management plan

Project manager creates the project management plan based on input from the team

# A project management plan should be realistic in order to be used to manage the project. Which of the following is the BEST method to achieve a realistic project management plan?

Project manager creates the project management plan based on input from the team

# . , with assistance from financial experts in their organizations, should create estimates of the costs and benefits of the project for its entire life cycle.

Project managers

# Which of the following items is not a primary input for Scope Verification process?

Project reports

# You have been appointed as the manager of a new, large, and complex project. Because this project is business-critical and very visible, senior management has told you to analyze the project's risks and prepare response strategies for them as soon as possible. The organization has risk management procedures that are seldom used or followed, and has had a history of handling risks badly.

Project sponsor

# All of the following are ALWAYS inputs to the risk management process EXCEPT:

Project status reports

# In... ... .... Organization structure type, project manager has "Moderate to high" authority

Projectized

# If your college or university wanted to get information from potential sellers for providing a new sports stadium, what type of document would they require of the potential sellers?

Proposal

# The primary objective of contract negotiations is to:

Protect the relationship

# A project manager asked various stakeholders to determine the probability and impact of a number of risks. He then analyzed assumptions. He is about to move to the next step of risk management. Based on this information, what has the project manager forgotten to do?

Provide a standardized risk rating matrix

# Which of the following is likely to be part of an operation?

Providing electricity to a community

# Which of the following BEST describes the project manager's role as an integrator?

Put all the pieces of a project into a cohesive whole

# A system development project is nearing project closing when a previously unidentified risk is discovered. This could potentially affect the project's overall ability to deliver. What should be done NEXT?

Qualify the risk

# You are finding it difficult to evaluate the exact cost impact of risks. You should evaluate on a(n):

Qualitative basis

# _________ is the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements,

Quality

# The process of monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply with relevant quality standards is called:

Quality Control

Quality assurance

# You are the program level manager with several project activities underway. In the executing process group, you begin to become concerned about the accuracy of progress reports from the projects. What would BEST support your opinion that there is a problem?

Quality audits

#62 Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding quality audits?

Quality audits are generally performed after scope verification, but can also be

# Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding quality audits?

Quality audits are generally performed after scope verification, but can also be performed in parallel with scope verification

# The new software installation project is in progress. The project manager is working with the quality assurance department to improve everyone's confidence that the project will satisfy the quality standards. Which of the following MUST they have before they start this process?

Quality control measurements

# When a product or service completely meets a customer's requirements:

Quality is achieved

# Substandard design/materials/work-manship

Quality management

# A project manager and team from a firm that designs railroad equipment are tasked to design a machine to load stone onto railroad cars. The design allows for two percent spillage, amounting to over two tons of spilled rock per day. In which of the following does the project manager document quality control, quality assurance, and quality improvements for this project?

Quality management plan

# A project team has invited many of the project stakeholders to help them inspect quality on the project. Which of the following would NOT be an output of this activity?

Quality management plan

# A team is using a fishbone diagram to help determine what quality standards will be used on the project. What part of the quality management process are they in?

Quality planning

# All of the following are examples of the cost of nonconformance EXCEPT:

Quality training

# The model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype

RAD life

# If your college or university want to get information

RFQ

# The is the ratio of actual work completed to the percentage of work planned to have been completed at any given time during the life of the project or activity

# is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members

RUP

#20 A market demand, a business need, and/or legal requirement are examples of:

Reasons projects are initiated

# A large project is underway when one of the team members reviews the project status report. He sees that the project is currently running late. As he looks at the report further, he notices that the delay will cause one of his activities to be scheduled during a time he will be out of the country and cannot work on the activity. This is of great concern because he is very committed to the project being successful and he does not want to be the cause of the project being further delayed. What is the BEST THING for him to do?

Recommend preventive action

# A scope change has been suggested by one of the stakeholders on the project. After careful consideration and a lot of arguing, the change control board has decided to reject the change. What should the project manager do?

Record the change request and its result

# Which of the followings is NOT an advantage of using formal project managements?

Reduce the number of reisk of the project

# Which of the followings is NOT an advantage of using formal project managements?

Reduce the number of risks of the project.

# ________ power is based on a person's individual charisma.

Referent

# is based on an individual's personal charisma.

Referent power

# A risk ________ is a document that contains results of various risk management processes, often displayed in a table or spreadsheet format.

# is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions

Reliability

#8 All of the following are characteristics of a project EXCEPT:

Repeats itself every month

# ____ involves collecting and disseminating performance information, including status reports, progress measurement, and forecasting.

Reporting performance

# involves collecting and disseminating performance information, including status reports, progress measurement, and forecasting

Reporting performance

# When would a milestone chart be used instead of a bar chart?

Reporting to management

# The project scope statement, __________, and organizational process assets are primary inputs for creating a WBS.

Requirements documents

# Which of the following is an output of the Collect Requirements process?

Requirements traceability matrix

# All of the following are tools/ techniques of Perform Quality Assurance, EXCEPT?

Reserve analysis

# A project manager has received activity duration estimates from his team. Which of the following does he need in order to complete the Develop Schedule process?

Reserves

# Outputs of the Plan Risk Responses process include:

Residual risks, fallback plans, and contingency reserves

# In the stage of selecting information technology projects, organizations select information technology projects

Resource Allocation

# What is the last step in four-stage planning processes for selecting information technology project?

Resource allocation

# What is the last step in the four-stage planning process for selecting information technology projects

Resource allocation

What is the last step in four-stage planning processes for selecting information technology project?

Resource allocation

# NOT part of project human resource management

Resource estimating

# Which of the following is not part of project human resource management?

Resource estimating

# Project Cost Management includes all of the following except:

Resource leveling

# is a technique for resolving resource conflicts by delaying tasks

Resource leveling

# Help project manager develop a general understanding of the demands a project will make...

Resource loading

# refers to the amount of individual resources an existing schedule requires during specific time periods

Resource loading

# The MOST common causes of conflict on a project are schedules, project priorities, and:

Resources

# A maps the work of a project as described in the WBS to the people responsible...

Responsibility assignment matrix

# You have just been assigned as project manager for a large telecommunications project. This one-year project is about halfway done. The project team consists of 5 sellers and 20 of your company's employees. You want to understand who is responsible for doing what on the project. Where would you find such information?

Responsibility assignment matrix

# Project information has been distributed according to the communications management plan. Some project deliverables have been changed in accordance with the project management plan. One stakeholder expressed surprise to the project manager upon hearing of a previously published change to a project deliverable. All stakeholders received the communication containing notification of the change. What should the project manager do?

Review the communications management plan and make revisions if necessary

# The project has 13 team members and affects over 15 departments in the organization. Because the project is 20 percent complete to date and the team has had successful performance reports from five of the affected departmnents, the project manager holds a party to celebrate. The project manager invites key stakeholders from all of the departments to the party, in order to give those providing good reviews an informal opportunity to communicate good things to those departments that have not yet been affected by the project. At the party, the project manager walks around to try to discover any relevant information that would help the project be more successful. He happens to hear a manager of one of the departments talking about setting up more regular meetings on the project. The BEST thing for the project manager to do would be to FIRST:

Review the information distribution methods on the project

# During project executing, your project team member delivers a project deliverable to the buyer. However, the buyer refuses the deliverable, stating that it does not meet the requirement on page 300 of the technical specifications. You review the document and find that you agree. What is the BEST thing to do?

Review the requirements and meet with the responsible team member to review the WBS dictionary

# The installation project has a CPI of 1.03 and an SPI of 1.0. There are 14 team members, and each team member had input into the final project management plan. The customer has accepted the three deliverables completed so far without complaint and the responsibility assignment matrix has not changed since the project began. The project is being completed in a matrix environment and there are no contracts needed for the project. Though the sponsor is happy with the status of the project, one of the team members is always complaining about how much time his project work is taking. Which of the following would be the BEST thing for the project manager to do?

Review the reward system for the project

# ____________involves using incentives to include people to do things.

Reward power

# involves using incentives to induce people to do things

Reward power

# involves using punishment, threats, or other negative approaches to get people to do things they do not want to do.

Reward power

# is action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements or specifications or other stakeholder expectations

Rework

# Which is not a process in the Risk Management knowledge area?

Risk Design

# In attempting to complete the project faster, the project manager looks at the cost associated with crashing each activity. The BEST approach to crashing would also indude looking at the:

Risk impact of crashing each activity

# Which of the following BEST describes a project management plan?

Risk, staffing, process improvement, and other management plans

# NOT a main topic included in communication plan

Risks and issues management methodologies

# Author , who developed the concept of the strategic value of competitive advantage, has written several books and articles on strategic planning and competition

Robert Cooper

# A heuristic is BEST described as a:

Rule of thumb

Which of followings can be used to perform trend analysis to forecast future outcomes based on historical patterns

Run chart

# Which describes the product and the service to be delivered in an agreement?

SOW

# The is the ratio of earned value to planned value and can be used to estimate the projected time to complete the project.

SPI

# is the earned value minus the planned value

# ________________ refer(s) to all the project work involved in creating the products of the project and processes used to create them.

Scope

Which of the following can we use to show if there is a relationship

Scatter diagram

# You are about to take over a project from another project manager and find out the following information about the project. Activity Z has an early start (ES) of day 15 and a late start (LS) of day 20. Activity Z is a difficult activity. The cost performance index (CPI) is 1.1. The schedule performance index (SPI) is 0.8. There are 11 stakeholders on the project.

Schedule

# You are taking over a project and determine the following:

Schedule

# issues cause the most conflicts over the project life cycle.

Schedule

# A project manager is taking over a project from another project manager during the planning process group. If the new project manager wants to see what the previous project manager planned for managing changes to the schedule, it would be BEST to look at the:

Schedule management plan

# Which ofthe following BEST describes the relationship between standard deviation and risk?

Standard deviation tells you how unsure the estimate is

# During a project team meeting, a team member suggests an enhancement to the scope that is beyond the scope of the project charter. The project manager points out that the team needs to concentrate on completing all the work and only the work required. This is an example of:

Scope management

# Which of the following knowledge areas leads to specific project objectives?

Scope management

#49 During a project team meeting, a team member suggests an enhancement to the scope that is beyond the scope of project charter.

Scope management

# All of the following are parts of the scope baseline EXCEPT the:

Scope management plan

# During a project team meeting, a team member suggests an enhancement to the scope that is beyond the scope of project charter. The project manager points out the team needs to concentrate on completing all the work and only the work required. This is an example of ____

Scope management.

# involves formal acceptance of the completed project scope by the stakeholders

Scope verification

# Which of Covey's habits does Douglas Ross suggest differentiates good project managers from average or poor project managers

Seek first to understand, then to be understood

# involves evaluating the reasons for dependencies and the different types of dependencies

Sequencing activities

# involves identifying and documenting the relationships between project activities

Sequencing activities

# All of the following are parts of Direct and Manage Project Execution EXCEPT:

Setting up a project control system

# are often more effective particularly for sensitive information

Short face-to-face meetings

# You have created the project charter, but could not get it approved. Your manager and his boss have asked that the project begins immediately. Which of the following is the BEST thing to do

Show your manager the impact of proceeding without approval

# Communications are often enhanced when the sender ___ the receiver.

Shows concern for the perspective of

# is a comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success.

Six Sigma

# Project management is "the application of knowledge,..., tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements."

Skills

# According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs in which does the need for acceptance occurs?

Social needs

#67 According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs in which does the need for

Social needs

# The project has been going well, except for the number of changes being made. The project is being installed into seven different departments within the company and will greatly improve departmental performance when operational. There are 14 project management processes selected for use on this project. The project manager is a technical expert as well as having been trained in communications and managing people. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause of the project problems?

Some stakeholders were not identified

# Which of the following are ALL items included in the cost management plan?

Specifications for how estimates should be stated, rules for measuring cost performance, the level of accuracy needed for estimates

# A seller is working on a cost reimbursable (CR) contract when the buyer decides he would like to expand the scope of services and change to a fixed price (FP) contract. All of the following are the seller's options EXCEPT:

Starting over with a new contract

# You are taking over a project during the planning process group and discover that six individuals have signed the project charter. Which of the following should MOST concern you?

Spending more time on configuration management

# During the first half of the project, five team members left for other projects without being replaced, two team members went on vacation without informing you, and other team members expressed uncertainty about the work they were to complete. In this situation, it is BEST if you create a _____ for the second half of the project.

Staffing management plan

# ________ is a document that describes when and how people will be added to and taken off a project team.

Staffing management plan

# During the first half of the project, five team member left for other projects without being replaced, two team members went on vacation without informing you, and other team members expressed uncertainty about the work they were complete. In this situation, it is the BEST if you create a _______ for the second half of the project?

Staffing management plan.

#66 During the first half of the project, five team member left for other projects without being replaced, two team members went on vacation without informing you, and other team members expressed uncertainty about the work they were complete.

Staffing management plan.

# The work breakdown structure can BEST be thought of as an effective aid for __ communications.

Stakeholder

# ___ are the people involved in or affected by project activities and include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users, suppliers, and even opponents of the project

Stakeholders

# involves choosing part of a population of interest for inspection

Statistical sampling

# describe where the project stands at a specific point in time

Status reports

# are a good way to highlight information provided in important project documents, empower people to be accountable for their work, and have face-to-face discussions about important project issue

Status review meetings

# should serve as the foundation for deciding which projects to pursue

Strategic planning

# In... ... .... Organization structure type, project manager has "Moderate to high" authority

Strong Matrix

# The __________ deal with how the organization is structured and focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management

Structural frame

# The section of the project management plan describing management and technical approaches should include the following information, except for

Summary schedule

# You are asked to prepare a budget for completing a project that was started last year and then shelved for six months. All the following would be included in the budget EXCEPT:

Sunk costs

# should be forgotten

Sunk costs

# A project manager for the seller is told by her management that the project should do whatever possible to be awarded incentive money. The primary objective of incentive clauses in a contract is to:

Synchronize objectives

# is a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of the system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs.

Systems analysis

# . describes a holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization

Systems thinking

# All projects can benefit from using some type of project management information system to coordinate and communicate project information.

# An annual discount factor is a multiplier for each year based on the discount rate and year.

# As projects progress, the organization must reevaluate the need, funding, and will for each project to determine if the project should be continued, redefined, or terminated.

# Directing and managing project execution involves carrying out the project management plan by performing the activities included in it

# Information systems can help an organization support a strategy of being a low-cost producer

# Many organizations have found that large information technology projects require experienced general managers who understand the business and application area of the technology, not the technology itself.

# Many people consider project integration management the key to overall project success

# Many problems and directives must be resolved quickly

# Payback period is the amount of time it will take to recoup, in the form of net cash inflows, the total dollars invested in a project.

# Project management plans document project planning assumptions and decisions regarding choices.

# Some people might use a contract in place of a charter.

# Strategic planning involves determining long-term objectives by analyzing the strengths and weaknesses of an organization, studying opportunities and threats in the business environment, predicting future trends, and projecting the need for new products and services

# The key deliverables section of the project management plan should describe the quality expectations for the product deliverables.

# The number of interfaces can increase exponentially as the number of people involved in a project increases.

# The presents subjects with a series of ambiguous pictures and asks them to develop a spontaneous story for each picture, assuming they will project their own needs into the story

TAT

# Testing the entire population would:

Take too long

# are those costs that an organization can easily measure in dollars

Tangible

# ____ are those costs that an organization can easily measure in dollars.

Tangible costs

# A new project manager has asked you for advice on creating a work breakdown structure. After you explain the process to her, she asks you what software she should use to create the WBS and what she should do with it when she is finished creating it.

Team buy-in

# which of media is the best choice when you want to make a simple request

Telephone call/Email

# During a meeting with some of the project stakeholders, the project manager is asked to add work to the project scope. The project manager had access to correspondence about the project before the project charter was signed and remembers that the project sponsor specifically denied funding for the scope mentioned by these stakeholders.

Tell the stakeholders the scope cannot be added

# You have just joined the project management office after five years of working on projects. One of the things you want to introduce to your company is the need to create and utilize WBSs. Some of the project managers are angry that you are asking them to do "extra work".

Tell them it will prevent work from slipping through the cracks

# Which of the following choices indicates that a project has a burn rate of 1.5?

The AC is 100 and the EV is 150.

# Which of the following choices indicates that a project has a burn rate of 1.5? (Hint: Burn rate is the same as the Cost Performance Index)

The AC is 100 and the EV is 150.

# Which of the following is CORRECT in regard to the Control Scope process?

The Scope Control process must be integrated with other control processes

# A cost management plan contains a description of

The WBS level at which earned value will be calculated

# Estimate at completion (EAC) is a periodic evaluation of:

The anticipated total cost at project completion

# Which of the following is included in a project charter?

The business need for the project

# A large, one-year telecommunications project is about halfway done when you take the place of the previous project manager. The project involves three different sellers and a project team of 30 people. You would like to see the project's communications requirements and what technology is being used to aid in project communications. Where will you find this information?

The communications management plan

# Which of the following is CORRECT

The critical path helps prove how long the project will take

# You have a project with the following activities: Activity A takes 40 hours and can start after the project starts. Activity B takes 25 hours and should happen after the project starts. Activity C must happen after activity A and takes 35 hours. Activity D must happen after activities Band C and takes 30 hours. Activity E must take place after activity C and takes 10 hours. Activity F takes place after Activity E and takes 22 hours. Activities F and D are the last activities of the project. Which of the following is TRUE if activity B actually takes 37 hours?

The critical path is Start, A, C, E, F, End

# You are the project manager for the LLL Project. Steven, a project team member, is confused about network diagrams. Specifically

The critical path is the path with the longest duration

#51 You are the project manager for the LLL Project. Steven, a project team member, is confused about network diagrams. Specifically, he wants to know what the critical path is in a network diagram.

The critical path is the path with the longest duration

# You are the project manager for the LLL Project. Steven, a project team member, is confused about network diagrams. Specifically, he wants to know what the critical path is in a network diagram. Your answer is which one of the following?

The critical path is the path with the longest duration.

# Formal written correspondence with the customer is required when ___

The customer requests additional work not covered under contract

# Formal written correspondence with the customer is required when:

The customer requests additional work not covered under contract

#74 Formal written correspondence with the customer is required when ___

The customer requests additional work not covered under contract

# Quality is ___

The degree to which the project meets requirements

# Quality is:

The degree to which the project meets requirements

#64 Quality is ___

The degree to which the project meets requirements

#6 A project team member is talking to another team member and complaining that so many people are asking him to do things

The functional manager

# Which is the most appropriate description that explains a project team member?

The group that carries out the work of the project

# Which is the most appropriate description that explains a project team member?

The group that carries out the work of the project.

# _____ focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people

The human resources frame

_____ focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people.

The human resources frame

# Which of the following BEST describes the project manager's role during the procurement process?

The project manager should supply an understanding of the risks of the project

# During project plan execution

The project manager uses corrective action to bring future performance in line with the project plan

# The difference between the cost baseline and the cost budget can be BEST described as:

The management reserve

# The amount of authority a project manager possesses can be related to

The organization structure

# The amount of authority a project manager possesses can be related to ______________

The organization structure

# Two people are arguing about what needs to be done to complete a work package. If the project manager wants to know what is going on, she should pay MOST attention to:

The pitch and tone of the voices, and physical mannerisms

# All of the following are outputs of the Estimate Costs process EXCEPT:

The prevention of inappropriate changes from being induded in the cost baseline

# A new project manager is about to begin creating the procurement statement of work. One stakeholder wants to add many items to the procurement statement of work. Another stakeholder only wants to describe the functional requirements. The project is important for the project manager's company, but a seller will do the work. How would you advise the project manager?

The procurement statement of work should be as detailed as necessary for the type of project

# You have just completed the initiating processes of a small project and are moving into the planning processes when a project stakeholder asks you for the projects budget and cost baseline. What should you tell her?

The project budget and baseline will not be finalized and accepted until the planning processes are completed

# All of the following are common results of risk management EXCEPT:

The project charter is changed

# You are the project manager for the MNB Project. You and your project team are about to enter into the activity duration estimating process. Which of the following will not be helpful in your meeting?

The project contract

#54 You are the project manager for the MNB Project. You and your project team are about to enter into the activity duration estimating process.

The project contract

#2 Two project managers have just realized that they are in a weak matrix organization and that their power as project managers is quite limited.

The project expediter cannot make decisions

# During the six month update on a 1 year, $50,000 project, the analysis shows that the PV is $25,000; the EV is $20,000 and the AC is $15,000. What can be determined from these figures?

The project is behind schedule and under cost

# During the six month update on a 1 year, $50,000 project, the analysis shows that the PV is $25,000; the EV is $20,000 and the AC is $15,000. What can be determined from these figures?

The project is behind schedule and under cost.

# During project plan execution:

The project manager uses corrective action to bring future performance in line with the project plan.

During project plan execution:

The project manager uses corrective action to bring future performance in line with the project plan.

#13 The project has going well, except for the number of changes being made. The Project is being installed in to seven different departments within the company

The project should have used more of the project management Processes

# A cost performance index (CPI) of 0.89 means

The project is only getting 89 cents out of every dollar invested

#55 A Cost Performance Index (CPI) of 0.89 means ___ At this time, we expect the total project to cost at 89 percent more than planned.

The project is only getting 89 cents out of every dollar invested.

# A cost performance index (CPI) of 0.89 means:

The project is only getting 89 percent out of every dollar invested.

# One of your team members informs you that he does not know which of the many projects he is working on is the most important. Who should determine the priorities among projects in a company?

The project management office

#18 One of your team members informs you that he does not know which of the many projects he is working on is the most important.

The project management office

#31 One of your team members informs you that he does not know which of the

The project management office

#7 Who has the MOST power in a projectized organization?

The project manager

# A project manager has managed four projects for the company and is being considered to join the project management office team. The following is discovered during the evaluation of his performance. The project manager's first project had an ending cost variance of -500, used two critical resources, needed to rework the project charter during project executing and was ranked 14th in priority within the company. The second project finished with a schedule variance of +100.

The project manager did not effectively involve the stakeholders, showing that he does not have the knowledge to work in the project management office

# During the completion of project work, the sponsor asks the project manager to report on how the project is going. In order to prepare the report, the project manager asks all the team members what percent complete their work is. There is one team member who has been hard to manage from the beginning. In response to being asked what percent complete he is, the team member asks, "Percent complete of what?" Being tired of such comments, the project manager reports to the team members boss that the team member is not co operating. Which of the following is MOST likely the real problem?

The project manager does not have work packages

# The project CPI is 1.02, the benefit cost ratio is 1.7, and the latest round of performance reviews identified few needed adjustments. The project team was co-located into a new building when the project started. Everyone commented on how excited they were to have all new facilities. The sponsor is providing adequate support for the project, and few unidentified risks have occurred. In an attempt to improve performance, the project manager spends part of the project budget on new chairs for the team members and adds the term "senior" to each team member's job title. Which of the following is the MOST correct thing that can be said of this project or the project manager?

The project manager has misunderstood Herzberg's theory

# The preparation of the scope baseline can BEST be described as involving:

The project team

# At the end of a project, a project manager determines that the project has added four areas of functionality and three areas of performance. The customer has expressed satisfaction with the project. What does this mean in terms of success of the project?

The project was unsuccessful because it was gold plated

# Your project has just been fast tracked and you are looking to quickly bring in a subcontractor to complete networking. There is no time to issue a request for proposal (RFP), so you choose to use a company you have used many times before for software development. A PRIMARY concern in this situation is:

The subcontractor's qualifications

# Which is the correct explanation of Scope?

The sum of the products and services created as a project

# During project planning, you estimate the time needed for each activity and then add the estimates to create the project estimate. You commit to completing the project by this date. What is wrong with this scenario?

The team did not create the estimate, and a network diagram was not used

# During a team meeting, the team adds a specific area of extra work to the project because they have determined it would benefit the customer. What is wrong in this situation?

The team is gold plating

# Risk tolerances are determined in order to help:

The team rank the project risks

# Who has the cost risk in a fixed price (FP) contract?

The seller

# A project is in the middle of execution when a stakeholder suggests a major new change. This change will cause the third major overhaul of the project. At the same time, the project manager discovers that a major work package was not completed because a team member's boss moved him to another project that had a higher priority. Which of the following is the BEST person for the project manger to address these issues with?

The sponsor

# A project is plagued by changes to the project charter. Who has the primary responsibility to decide if these changes are necessary?

The sponsor

#23 Lessons learned are BEST completed by:

The stakeholders

# People who believe in assume that the average worker wants to be directed and prefers to avoid responsibility.

Theory X

# The management theory that states that all people can direct their own efforts is:

Theory Y

In which of the following theory, McGregor assumes individuals consider work as natural as play or rest and enjoy the statisfaction of esteem

Theory Y

# emphasizes things such as job rotation, broadening of skills, generalization versus specialization, and the need for continuous training of workers

Theory Z

Douglas McGregor introduced the following the human relations theories, except

Theory Z

# Which of the following describes the theory Z style of management

Theory Z is based on the Japanese approach to motivating workers, emphasizing trust, quality, collective decision making, and cultural values

#68 Which of the following describes the theory Z style of management?

Theory Z is based on the Japanese approach to motivating workers, emphasizing trust, quality, collective decision making, and cultural values

# The project manager and project sponsor are discussing the project costs and whether it is better to have their own company do part of the project or hire another company to do the work. If they asked for your opinion, you might say it would be better to do the work yourself if:

There is a lot of proprietary data

# Cost risk means

There is a risk that project costs could go higher than planned

# What is the duration of a milestone?

There is no duration

#52 What is the duration of a milestone?

There is no duration

#19 A project team is working on manufacturing a new product, but they are having difficulty creating a project charter.

They are working on a process and not a project

# According to textbook, every project is constrained in different ways by its scope,...., and cost goals

Time

# What does a resource histogram show that a responsibility assignment matrix does not?

Time

# You are a project manager for a major information systems project. Someone from the quality department comes to see you about beginning a quality audit of your project. The team, already under pressure to complete the project as soon as possible, objects to the audit. You should explain to the team that the purpose of a quality audit is:

To identify inefficient and ineffective policies

# is the amount of time an activity can be delayed from its early start without delaying the planned project finish date

Total slack

# . Project managers often illustrate progress with a showing key deliverables and activities

Tracking Gantt chart

# NOT a preferred section in communication plan

Training activities

# Which of the following is not a preferred section in communication plan?

Training activities

# Purchasing insurance is BEST considered an example of risk:

Transfer

All of the following are basic IT project portfolio categories, except?

Transform: projects in this category can be done to open new business domain.

# Which of the following statements is false?

Uncertainty and risk are lowest at the start of the project and greatest at the end

# Which of the following statements is false?

Uncertainty and risk are lowest at the start of the project and greatest at the end.

# In a fixed price (FP) contract, the fee or profit is:

Unknown

# To manage a project effectively, work should be broken down into small pieces. Which of the following does NOT describe how far to decompose the work?

Until it can be done by one person

# The cost performance index (CPI) of a project is 0.6 and the schedule performance index (SPI) is 0.71. The project has 625 work packages and is being completed over a four-year period. The team members are veryinexperienced, and the project received little support for proper planning. Which of the following is the BEST thing to do?

Update risk identification and analysis

# is a process for identifying and modeling business events, who initiated them, and how the system should respond to them

Use case modeling

All of the following are main techniques for shortening schedules

Use multi-tasking

# is an independent test performed by end users prior to accepting the delivered system

User acceptance

# Analogous estimating

Uses top-down estimating techniques

# An example of risk mitigation is:

Using proven technology in the development of a product to lessen the probability that the product will not work

# Parametric cost estimating involves:

Using rates and factors based on historical experience to estimate costs.

# If a project manager wants to report on the actual project results vs. planned results, she should use a:

Variance report

# The construction phase of a new software product is near completion. The next phases are testing and implementation. The project is two weeks ahead of schedule. What should the project manager be MOST concerned with before moving on to the final phase?

Verify Scope

# The construction phase of a new software product is near completion. The next phases are testing and implementation. The project is two weeks ahead of schedule. What should project manager be MOST concerned with before moving on to the final phase?

Verify scope

#48 The construction phase of a new software product is near completion. The next phases are testing and implementation. The project is two weeks ahead of schedule.

Verify scope

# involves formalizing acceptance of the project deliverables and during this phase the key project stakeholders, such as the customer and sponsor for the project, inspect and then formally accept the deliverables during this process.

Verifying scope

# A__________________ is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defined the total scope of the project

WBS

# Project management software helps you develop a __________, which serves as basis for creating Gantt charts, assigning resources, and allocating costs

WBS

# Project management software helps you develop a __________, which serves as basis for creating Gantt charts, assigning resources, and allocating costs.

WBS

# The provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance

WBS

# Which of the following is not an output from the activity duration estimating process?

WBS

# Which of the following is not a primary input of activity duration estimation process?

WBS Dictionary

# Which of the following is not an output of activity resource estimation process?

WBS Dictionary

# Detailed descriptions of work packages are commonly contained in _

WBS dictionaries

# During project executing, a team member comes to the project manager because he is not sure of what work he needs to accomplish on the project. Which of the following documents contain detailed descriptions of work packages?

WBS dictionary

# Lag means:

Waiting time

# The ________________ has well-defined, linear stages of system analysis, design, construction, testing, and support.

Waterfall lifecycle model

# . According to the guidelines provided by Practical Communications, Inc., a(n) is the only inappropriate method for expressing support/appreciation.

Web site

# All of the following statements concerning procurement documents are incorrect EXCEPT:

Well-designed procurement documents can simplify comparison of responses

# When should a risk be avoided?

When the risk event is unacceptable -- generally one with a very high probability of occurrence and high impact.

# In a projectized organization, the project team:

Will not always have a 'home'

# What conflict resolution technique is a project manager using when he says, "I cannot deal with this issue now!"

Withdrawal

# When using the _________, project managers retreat or withdraw from actual or potential disagreement. This approach is also called avoiding mode.

Withdrawal mode

# Conflict resolution techniques that may be used on a project include confronting, smoothing, forcing, and:

Withdrawing

# Which of the following can be used to determine what work is included in each work package for each of your team members?

Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary

#35 Which of the following can be used to determine what work is included in

Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary

#38 A detailed project schedule can be created only after creating the

Work breakdown structure

# A detailed project schedule can be created only after creating the ___

Work breakdown structure.

# The project manager notices that project activities being completed by one department are all taking slightly longer than planned. To date, none of theactivities/work packages have been on the critical path, nor have they affected the critical chain planning that has occurred. The project manager is bothered by the problem, since four of the next five critical path activities are being completed by this department. After making three calls, the project manager is finally able to converse with the department manager to determine what is going on. The conversation is slow, because both speak different native languages and they are trying to converse in French, a shared language.

Work on increasing the effectiveness of the performing organization by recommending continuous improvement of the policy in question

# Which of the following is an important input to the integrated change control process?

Work performance information

# A schedule performance index (SPI) of 0.76 means:

You are only progressing at 76 percent of the rate originally planned

# Risks are accepted when:

You develop a contingency plan to execute should the risk event occur

# Which of the following statements is false

a. Uncertainty and risk are lowest at the start of the project and greatest at the end

# Your organization hired a specialist in a certain field to provide training for a short period of time. Which reason for outsourcing would this fall under?

accessing skills and technologies

# Which of the following items is not normally included in a project charter?

a Gant chart

Which of the following items is not normally included in a project charter?

a Gantt chart

# a program is which one of the following

a collection of projects with a common objective

# The project schedule information section of the project management plan might include

a detailed schedule

# What do many experts agree is the greatest threat to the success of any project?

a failure to communicate

#10 A manager and the head of engineering discuss a charge to a major work package. after the meeting, the manager contacts you and tells you to complete the papers work to make the change.

a project expediter position

# The WBS is __________.

a task oriented family tree of the project

# which of the following is NOT a project

a technician updates incorrect data weekly

# McGregor assumes individuals consider to work as natural as play

a. Theory Y

# . People with a high need for seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile

achievemen

# People with a high need for ____ seek to excel and tend to avoid both low-risk and high-risk situations to improve their chances for achieving something worthwhile.

achievement

# Key outputs of process are project staff assignments, resource calendars, and project management plan updates

acquiring the project team

# The provide(s) schedule-related information about each activity, such as predecessors, successors, logical relationships, leads and lags, resource requirements, constraints, imposed dates, and assumptions related to the activity

activity attributes

# People with a high need for desire harmonious relationships with other people and need to feel accepted by others

affiliation

# The preparation of the scope baseline involves the

all the stakeholders

# In the , you use a similar project's WBS as a starting point

analogy approach

# Which of the following is the cost of evaluating processes and their outputs to ensure that a project is error-free or within an accepted or rejected?

appraisal cost

# From the project perspective, quality attributes:

are specific characteristics for which a product is designed and tested.

# the project management must answer the following questions, except

are we working on the right project?

# all of the following shows the organizational commitment to information technology, except

assigning enough IT rescources to IT projects

# According to Thamhain and Wilemon, is the legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders

authority

# A(n) ____ is a methodology that converts an organization's value drivers, such as customer service, innovation, operational efficiency, and financial performance, to a series of defined metrics.

balanced scorecard

# A(n) is a methodology that converts an organization's value drivers, such as customer service, innovation, operational efficiency, and financial performance, to a series of defined metrics

balanced scorecard

# . Project managers often use the approach for projects that represent entirely new systems or approaches to doing a job, or to help create buy-in and synergy with a project team

bottom-up

# One method for selecting projects based on ____ is to determine whether they first meet three important criteria: need, funding, and will.

broad organizational needs

# One method for selecting projects based on is to determine whether they first meet three important criteria: need, funding, and will

broad organizational needs

# Projects that address are much more likely to be successful because they will be important to the organization

broad organizational needs

# A is used to allocate money into an organization's budget

budgetary estimate

Which of the following outputs is often completed before initiating a project?

business case

# An organization may initiate information technology projects for several reasons, but the most important reason is to support

business objectives

# A Gantt chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a ____ format.

calendar

# A Gantt chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a format.

calendar

# A(n) is a formal, documented process that describes when and how official project documents may be changed.

change control system

# During the completion of the project, a project manager wants to ensure that the quality of the end product is acceptable. The BEST way to do this is by:

checking quality levels against the standards set in the quality plan.

# The process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end.

closing

# Administrative activities are often involved in , such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project

closing processes

# All of the following are phases of the traditional project lifecycle, except?

coding

# A program is which one of the following?

collection of projects with a common cause

# Project management involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information

communication

# Information regarding the content of essential project communications comes from the

communications management plan

# With the _, project managers use a give-and-take approach to resolving conflicts

compromise mode

# A preliminary or rough cost estimate is developed in the phase, and an overview of the work involved is created

concept

# __ ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete

configuration management

_______ ensures that the descriptions of the project's products are correct and complete.

configuration management

# Quality is

conforming to requirements, specifications, and fitness of use

# Research indicates that project managers favor using for conflict resolution over the other four modes

confrontation

# The mode is also called the problem-solving mode

confrontation

# When using the ________, project managers directly face a conflict using a problem-solving approach that allows affected parties to work through their disagreements.

confrontation mode

# The main focus of life cycle costing is to:

consider operations and maintenance costs in making project decisions.

# The communications management plan can be part of the team

contract

Project work is most successful in an organizational culture where all of the following characteristics are high except _____.

control

# The project management plan, project funding requirements, work performance data, and organizational process assets are inputs for the process of .

controlling costs

# Outputs from ____ include performance measurements, organizational process assets updates, change requests, project management plan updates, and project document updates.

controlling the schedule

# Outputs from include performance measurements, organizational process assets updates, change requests, project management plan updates, and project document updates

controlling the schedule

# A is a time-phased budget that project managers use to measure and monitor cost performance

cost

# The main goal of the process is to produce a cost baseline for measuring project performance and project funding requirements

cost budgeting

# Which type of contract has the least amount of risk for seller

cost plus percentage of costs

# The longest path through a network diagram that determines the earliest completion of a project is called the path

critical

# The ____ ultimately decides if quality is acceptable

customer

# The ultimately decides if quality is acceptable

customer

# A key attribute of scope verification is _________

customer acceptance of project efforts

# Important tools used in the phase of the DMAIC process include a project charter, a description of customer requirements, process maps, and Voice of the Customer (VOC) data.

define

# The goal of ____ is to ensure that the project team has complete understanding of all the work they must do as part of the project scope so they can start scheduling the work.

defining activities

# The goal of is to ensure that the project team has complete understanding of all the work they must do as part of the project scope so they can start scheduling the work

defining activities

# The main outputs of the process are an activity list, activity attributes, milestone list, and requested changes

defining activities

# A is used for making many purchasing decisions for which accurate estimates are required and for estimating final project costs

definitive estimate

# If the cost estimate will be the basis for contract awards and performance reporting, it should be a and as accurate as possible

definitive estimate

# The term describes a product produced as part of a project

deliverabl

A _____ is a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, or hardware, produced or provided as part of a project.

deliverable

# Because a project requires resources, often from various areas, many projects cross or other boundaries to achieve their unique purposes

departmenta

#cost performance baseline is an output of

determine budget

# The first step in determining the NPV is to .

determine the estimated costs and benefits for the life of the project and the products it produces

# According to the guideline governing , many meetings are most effective with the minimum number of participants possible

determining who should attend the meeting

# Which of the following processes is NOT a part of project integration management

develop the project business case

# Which of the following processes is not part of project integration management?

develop the project business case

Which of the following processes is NOT a part of project integration management?

develop the project business case

Which of the following processes is not part of project integration management?

develop the project business case

# The main outputs of process are team performance assessments and enterprise environmental factors update

developing the project team

# The ultimate goal of is to create a realistic project schedule that provides a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project

developing the schedule

# All of the following skills are very important for project managers, except

development

# In the phase, the project team creates more detailed project plans, a more accurate cost estimate, and a more thorough WBS

development

# In which of the following phases, do we have to develop a Work Breakdown Structure at level +3 at least?

development

# Project managers should focus on , since they can control them

direct costs

# Project managers should focus on ____, since they can control them.

direct costs

# a new government law requires an organization to report data in a new way. Under which category would a new information system project to provide this data fall

directive

A new government law requires an organization to report data in a new way. Under which category would a new information system project to provide this data fall

directive

The nature of information technology projects is different from projects in many other industries because they are very ____

diverse

# One common way to compute estimate at completion (EAC) is to take the budget at completion (BAC) and:

divide by CPI

# Since organizations depend on reliable information technology, there are also huge costs associated with

downtime

# Since organizations depend on reliable information technology, there are also huge costs associated with ____.

downtime

# The activity list, activity attributes, activity resource requirements, resource calendars, project scope statement, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets all include information that affect

duration estimates

# According to the guidelines provided by Practical Communications, Inc., a(n) is the only method that is "excellent" for encouraging creative thinking

e-mail

# ___ processes include coordinating people and other resources to carry out the project plans and produc the products, services, or results of the project or phase

excuting

# The tasks vary the most from project to project

executin

# The ____ tasks vary the most from project to project.

executing

# The project communications management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activity of information distribution

executing

# The project procurement management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities conducting procurements.

executing

# The project procurement management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activities conducting procurements

executing

# direct and manage project executing belongs to the ___ PM Process Group

executing

Which process group normally requires the most resources and time?

executing

______ processes include coordinating people and other resources to carry out the project plans and produce the products, services, or results of the project or phase

executing

# . Examples of include acquiring and developing the project team, performing quality assurance, distributing information, managing stakeholder expectations, and conducting procurements

executing processes

# The majority of time on a project is usually spent on , as is most of the project's budget.

execution

# Project sponsors can usually rank scope, time, and cost goals in order of importance in a(n)

expectations management matrix

What tool and technique is used for all of the other project integration management processes?

expert judgment

# Many users prefer to learn how to use a new system

face-to-face meetings

# project environment is unique so project requires a unique approach in project management

false (true_la dung_manhnl)

# Critical chain scheduling protects tasks on the critical chain from being delayed by using , which consist of additional time added before tasks on the critical chain that are preceded by non-critical-path tasks.

feeding buffers

# The first step in the framework for defining and assigning work is

finalizing the project requirements

# In a ____ relationship, one task cannot finish before another finishes.

finish-to-finish

# In a relationship, one task cannot finish before another finishes.

finish-to-finish

# In a relationship, the "from" activity must finish before the "to" activity can start.

finish-to-start

# The step in the planning process is to tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan

first

# It took only years for 50 million people to use the Internet compared to 25 years for 50 million people to use telephones

five

# Which type of contract has the least amount of risk for buyer

fixed-price

# Pareto charts helps the project manager:

focus on the most critical issues to improve quality.

# When using the , project managers exert their viewpoint at the potential expense of another viewpoint.

forcing mode

# What are five stages in Tuckman's model of team development, in chronological order?

forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning

# Tom DeMarco, a well-known author on software development, suggests reasons for the inaccuracies of many information technology project cost estimates and some ways to overcome them

four

# A is the hierarchy most people think of when picturing an organizational chart

functional organizational structure

# Project managers have the least amount of authority in a pure

functional organizational structure

# Which of the following characteristics shows the degree to which work activities are organized around groups or team, rather than individuals?

group emphasis

# The highest level of needs in Maslow's structure is referred to as a need

growt

# Often, many non-technical professionals—from colleagues to managers—prefer to about project information to try to find pertinent information

have a two-way

# Often, many non-technical professionals—from colleagues to managers—prefer to ____ about project information to try to find pertinent information.

have a two-way conversation

# In which of the following, project managers' risk management skills are more important?

high uncertainty project

# Project management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with the project.

human

# The focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people

human resources frame

# which of the following knowledge areas is a facilitating knowledge area tha means througn which the project objectives are achieved

human resources management

# A work breakdown structure numbering system allows project staff to:

identify the level at which individual elements are found

# In the ____ phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders.

implementation

# In the phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders

implementation

# In which of the following phases, can we develop a definitive cost estimate?

implementation

# As the number of people involved in a project , the complexity of communications

increases, increases

# As the number of people involved in a project ____, the complexity of communications ____.

increases, increases

# The model provides for progressive development of operational software, with each release providing added capabilities

incremental build life cycle

Which of the following is not part of the three-sphere model for systems management?

information

# William Ibbs and Young H. Kwak's study revealed that the ____ industry had the lowest level of project management maturity in the area of risk management.

information systems

# What is the first step in the four-stage planning process for selecting information technology projects?

information technology strategy planning

# During processes for a new project, the organization recognizes that a new project exists, and completes a project charter as part of this recognition

initiating

# The project integration management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activities of developing project charters

initiating

# develop project charter work belongs to the __ PM process group

initiating

# Project management is an overarching function that affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas.

integration

Initiating involves developing a project charter, which is part of the project ______ management knowledge area.

integration

# Which of the following is the cost incurred to correct an identified defect before the customer receives the product?

internal failure cost

project

internal rate of return (IRR

# Which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time consuming?

interview

#Which tool or technique for collecting requirements is often the most expensive and time consuming

interview

# What tool can you use to help manage stakeholders by ranking scope, time, and cost goals in order of important and provide guidelines on balancing these constraints?

issue log

# A is a meeting held at the beginning of a project so that stakeholders can meet each other, review the goals of the project, and discuss future plans

kick-off meeting

# The ____ is often held after the business case and project charter are completed, but it could be held sooner, as needed.

kick-off meeting

# The is often held after the business case and project charter are completed, but it could be held sooner, as needed.

kick-off meeting

Another name for a phase exit is a ____ point.

kill

# The for an activity is the latest possible time an activity might begin without delaying the project finish date

late start date

# A(n) focuses on long-term goals and big-picture objectives, while inspiring people to reach those goals

leader

# It takes to help improve

leadership

# A_______ report if a reflective statement documenting important things that people learned from working on the project.

lessons-learned

# Some items discussed in a(n) include reflections on whether project goals were met, whether the project was successful or not, the causes of variances on the project, the reasoning behind corrective actions chosen, the use of different project management tools and techniques, and personal words of wisdom based on team members' experiences

lessons-learned report

What type of report do project teams create to reflect on what went right and what went wrong with the project?

lessons-learned report

# The critical path is the path through a network diagram, and it represents the time it takes to complete a project

longest; shortest

# Many organizations assert that using project management provides advantages, such as

lower costs

# In early phases of a traditional project life cycle, resource needs are usually ____ and the level of uncertainty is ____.

lowest, highest

In early phases of a traditional project life cycle, resource needs are usually ____ and the level of uncertainty is ____.

lowest, highest

# In early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually and the level of uncertainty is

lowest; highest

# Juran's final step to quality improvement is

maintain momentum by making annual improvement part of the regular systems and processes of the company

# Quality metrics are an output of project

management

# A(n) often deals with the day-to-day details of meeting specific goal

manager

# Some people say that achieve the vision of a project.

managers

# A dependency requiring that design be completed before manufacturing can start is an example of a:

mandatory dependency

Personnel in a ____ organizational structure often report to two or more bosses.

matrix

# In a , personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers

matrix organizational structure

# The line in the middle of a control chart is called the

mean

# The line in the middle of a control chart is called the:

mean

# According to the guidelines provided by Practical Communications, Inc., a(n) is the most appropriate method for giving complex instructions

meeting

Which of the following is not part of the triple constraint of project management?

meeting communication goals

# After discovering WBS items and structure using the technique, you could then translate the information into chart or tabular form.

mind mapping

# What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas in a nonlinear format

mind mapping

# What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas in a nonlinear format?

mind mapping

# Which of the following items is not a step in four-stage planning processes for selecting IT project?

mind mapping

#45 What approach to developing a WBS involves writing down or drawing ideas

mindmapping

# Which of the following is not a suggestion for performing integrated change control?

minimize change

Which of the following is not a suggestion for performing integrated change control?

minimize change

#44 Which of the following is not a sugge control?

minimizechange

# Project manager's authority in the project organization structure is ___

moderate to high

# The project procurement management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activity of administering procurements

monitoring and controlling

# The project scope management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of scope verification and scope control

monitoring and controlling

# The project scope management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activities of scope verification and scope control

monitoring and controlling

# The project time management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activity of schedule control

monitoring and controlling

# A common is reporting performance, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track

monitoring and controlling process

# A is a bell-shaped curve that is symmetrical regarding the average value of the population (the data being analyzed

normal distribution

# In a , program managers report to the CEO

nructure

What term is used to describe when an organization acquires goods and/or sources from an outside source in another country?

offshoring

# Two people have communications channel

one

# The cost of choosing one project and giving up another is called:

opportunity cost.

# A(n) might provide an estimate of $50 per line of code for a software development project based on the programming language the project is using, the level of expertise of the programmers, the size and complexity of the data involved, and so on

parametric model

# The ____ characteristic of organizational culture describes the degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on people within the organization.

people focus

# The characteristic of organizational culture describes the degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on people within the organization

people focus

# In the Tuckman model, occurs when the emphasis is on reaching the team goals, rather than working on team process

performing

# The outputs of ____ include change request status updates, project management plan updates, and project document updates.

performing integrated change control

# The outputs of include change request status updates, project management plan updates, and project document updates

performing integrated change control

# The project cost management knowledge area maps to the process group through the activities of estimating cases and budget determination.

planning

A work breakdown structure, project schedule, and cost estimates are outputs of the _____ process.

planning

# The output of the process is a communications management plan

planning communications

# In which project procurement management process is an RFQ often written?

planning procurements

# The ____ assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups.

political frame

# The assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups

political frame

# competition for scarre resources make conflict a central issue in organizations, and power improves the ability to botain scarre rescources. which of the following should project managers use to understand the organization in order to be more effective in that issue?

political frame

# Many organizations are now using enterprise or project management software to help manage projects

portfolio

# People who need personal want to direct others and can be seen as bossy

power

Several application development projects done for the same functional group might best be managed as part of a _____.

program

# Most systems analysts begin their careers as

programmers

#All of the following are important tools and techniques for developing project schedule, except

progress reports

A ____ is a series of actions directed toward a particular result.

project

# A____________ is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management.

project chapter (sai:management plan)

# a ___ is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management

project chapter (sai:management plan)

# A(n) is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the

project charter

A _________ is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management

project charter

# The section of the project management plan describes how to monitor project progress and handle changes

project controls

Which of the following is not an attribute of a project?

project involve little uncertainly

# A is a collection of project phases.

project life cycle

# which of the following will help an organization make sure that the projects contribute to the entire enterprise's success

project management

# A(n) is a document used to coordinate all project planning documents and help guide a project's execution and control

project management plan

A____________ is a document that formally recognizes the existence of a project and provides direction on the project's objectives and management.

project management plan

# A can have many different job descriptions, which can vary tremendously based on the organization and the project

project manager

# In the example of the project of building a house, the __ would normally be the general contractor responsible for building the house.

project manager

# All of the following aspects are very important for project managers to be competitive, except

project managers should have high technical skills

# In a ____, program managers report to the CEO.

project organizational structure

# Project managers have the most authority in a pure

project organizational structure

# The section of the project plan should describe the major project functions and activities and identify those individuals who are responsible for them

project responsibilities

# Project managers must use discipline to control

project schedules

# An up-to-date is an important document for developing and confirming a common understanding of the project scope

project scope statement

# According to Thamhain and Wilemon, is the ability to improve a worker's position

promotio

# The model requires heavy user involvement, and developers use a model to generate functional requirements and physical design specifications simultaneously

prototyping life cycle

# Project management ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken.

quality

# The process is often associated with the technical tools and techniques of quality management, such as Pareto charts, quality control charts, and statistical sampling

quality control

# When a product or service completely meets a customer's requirements:

quality is achieved.

# The main outputs of ____ are a quality management plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan, and project document updates.

quality planning

# The main outputs of are a quality management plan, quality metrics, quality checklists, a process improvement plan, and project document updates

quality planning

# Project management software highlights the critical path in on a network diagram.

red

# A risk ________ is a document that contains results of various risk management processes, often displayed in a table or spreadsheet format.

# The is the minimum acceptable rate of return on an investment.

required rate of

# What is the last step in four-stage planning processes for selecting information technology project?

resource allocation

# What is the last step in the four-stage planning process for selecting information technology projects?

resource allocation

What is the last step in the four-stage planning process for selecting information technology projects?

resource allocation

# A is a hierarchical structure that identifies the project's resources by category and type

resource breakdown structure

# A(n) is a column chart that shows the number of resources assigned to a project over time

resource histogram

# What technique can you use to resolve resource conflicts by delaying tasks?

resource leveling

# A________ maps the work of a project as described in the WBS to the people responsible for performing the work.

responsibility assignment matrix

# On a network diagram, all arrowheads should face toward the

right

# Utility rises at a decreasing rate for a ____ person.

risk-averse

# A ____ person achieves a balance between risk and payoff.

risk-neutral

Which of the following is not a best practice for new product development projects?

select projects that will take less than two years to provide payback

# A is done very early in a project or even before a project is officially started

rough order of magnitude

# A provides an estimate of what a project will cost

rough order of magnitude

#Which of followings can be used to perform trend analysis to forecast future outcomes based on historical patterns ?

run chart

#Which of the following is a line chart that show data points plotted in the order in which they occur

run chart

# According to the guideline governing , designate someone to take minutes and send the minutes out soon after the meeting

running the meeting professionally

# Many practitioners define project success as

satisfying the customer/sponsor

# The goal of is to know the status of the schedule, influence the factors that cause schedule changes, determine that the schedule has changed, and manage changes when they occur

schedule control

# Of the following constraints, it is most difficult to describe, agree upon, and meet the goal of many projects

scope

# Project __management involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully

scope

# The goal of is to influence the factors that cause scope changes, assure changes are processed according to procedures developed as part of integrated change control, and manage changes when they occur

scope control

# Good is very important to project success because it helps improve the accuracy of time, cost, and resource estimates, it defines a baseline for performance measurement and project control, and it aides in communicating clear work responsibilities

scope definition

# The should list and describe all of the deliverables required for the project

scope statement

# Which of the following is NOT a best practice for new product development projects?

select projects that will take less than two years to provide payback

# Which of the following is not a best practice for new product development projects?

select projects that will take less than two years to provide payback

Which of the following is NOT a best practice for new product development projects?

select projects that will take less than two years to provide payback

#40 Which of the following is not a best practice for new product development

selectprojects that will take less than two years to provide payback

# At the top of Maslow's pyramid or hierarchy of needs are _____ needs

self- actualization

# The states that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or are all increasing or decreasing, then the process needs to be examined for non-random problems.

seven run rule

# Buyers often prepare a _____________ list when selecting a seller to make this process more manageable.

short

# Since information technology projects often require a lot of coordination, it is a good idea to have ____ meetings.

short, frequent

# There are main processes involved in project integration management

six

# There are main processes involved in project time management

six

# What works on one project may not work on another, so it is essential for project managers to continue to develop their knowledge and in managing projects.

skills

# When using the , the project manager deemphasizes or avoids areas of differences and emphasizes areas of agreement

smoothing mode

# When using the ________, the project manager deemphasizes or avoids areas of differences and emphasizes areas of agreement.

smoothing mode

# You have two project stakeholders who do not get along at all. You know they both enjoy travelling, so you discuss great travel destinations when they are both in the room together to distract them from arguing with each other.

smoothing mode

# Achieving high performance on projects requires , otherwise called human relations skills

soft skills

# Which communication skill is most important for information technology professionals for career advancement?

speaking

# Many people confuse tasks on a WBS with

specification

# the companies that excel in project delivery capability do all of the following practices in project management, except

spend enough money for the project

# The project ____ usually provides the direction and funding for the project.

sponsor

# The project usually provides the direction and funding for the project

sponsor

# The work breakdown structure can BEST be thought of as an effective aid for_______ communications.

stakeholder

# The serves as a good starting point for information distribution

stakeholder communications analysis

# A is an approach to help increase the support of stakeholders throughout the project

stakeholder management

# A_______ is an approach to help increase the support of stakeholders throughout the project

stakeholder management strategy

# A ____ is a document that includes details related to the identified project stakeholders.

stakeholder register

# A is a document that includes details related to the identified project stakeholders

stakeholder register

# Having ____ review and approve all stakeholder communications analysis will ensure that the information is correct and useful.

stakeholders

# Having review and approve all stakeholder communications analysis will ensure that the information is correct and useful

stakeholders

# In a relationship, the "from" activity cannot start until the "to" activity is started.

start-to-start

# A(n) is a document that describes the products or services to be created by the project team

statement of work

# A_____ report describes where the project stands at a specific point time.

status

# In the Tuckman model, occurs as team members have different opinions as to how the team should operate

storming

# Many people are familiar with SWOT analysis—analyzing Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats—which is used to aid in

strategic planning

Project portfolio management address ____ goals of an organization, while project management addresses ____ goals.

strategic, tactical

# In a matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority.

strong

# . The focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management.

structural frame

# The line for any e-mail messages you write should clearly state the intention of the e-mail

subject

# At the planning stage of the project, the project manager defined that the cost and quality goals are the most important, but the project met quality goals and made customer happy when it has completed. This project is ___

success

# Research shows that is the number one reason cited for why organizations invest in information technology projects

supporting explicit business objectives

Which of the four frames of organizations addresses how meeting are run, employee dress codes, and expected work hours?

symbolic

Which of the following is not a phase of the traditional project life cycle?

system analysis

What the term used to describe a framework of the phases involved in developing information systems?

systems development life cycle

# The section of the project management plan describes specific methodologies a project might use and explains how to document information

technical processes

Which of the following is not one of the top ten skills or competencies of an effective project manager?

technical skills

Many people use ____ to have a standard format for preparing various project management documents.

templates

# Quality is:

the degree to which the project meets requirements.

# In the mathematical formula for determining the NPV, the variable n is

the last year of the cash flow

# During the Cold War years of the 1950s and '60s, continued to be key in refining several project

the military

#16 Management by objectives works only if:

the project includes the objectives in the project charter.

# ___ is a framework for describing the phases involved in developing and maintaining information systems

the systems development life cycle

# In an interview with two chief information officers (CIOs), both men agreed that the most important project management skills seem to depend on _.

the uniqueness of the project and the people

# In an interview with two chief information officers (CIOs), both men agreed that the most important project management skills seem to depend on ____.

the uniqueness of the project and the people involved

# Project quality management involves ____ main processes.

three

# Project quality management involves main processes

three

# Buyers typically develop a short list of the top ____ suppliers to reduce the work involved in selecting a source.

three to five

# The ____ approach involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail.

top-down

# The approach involves refining the work into greater and greater levels of detail

top-down

# The approach is best suited to project managers who have vast technical insight and a big-picture perspective

top-down

# Which of the following IT project portfolio categories will an organization have the highest risk when implementing?

transform the business projects

# all of the following are basic IT project portfolio categories, except?

transform: project in this category can be done to poen new business domain

# The limitations of scope, time, and cost goals are sometimes referred to as the

triple constraint

# When you use face-to-face communication, ... actual words.

true

# A(n) is done to test each individual component (often a program) to ensure that it is as defect-free as possible.

unit test

# Scope________ is often achieved by a customer inspection and then sign-off on key deliverables.

verification

# The main outputs of ____ are accepted deliverables and change requests.

verifying scope

# The main outputs of are accepted deliverables and change requests

verifying scope

# In the ___, leadership, people skills, having vision and goals, self confidence, expectations management, and listening skills were most important

very novel projects

# The model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined

waterfall life cycle

# A proposal evaluation sheet is an example of a(n) ________________

weighted scoring model

#3 In a projectized organization the project team:

will not always have a "home"

# When using the , project managers retreat or withdraw from an actual or potential disagreement

withdrawal mode

# A(n) is a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project

work breakdown structure

# The work breakdown structure comprises several levels of decomposition of the total project. The lowest level of definition is always the __________.

work package

# A schedule performance index(SPI) of 0.76 means:

you are only progressing at 76 percent of the rate originally planned.

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