Systems Analysis & Design: CH 8 Short Answer

Define 'metadata':

Metadata is data about data

List three of the five main ways in which to use a data dictionary.

1. Validate the data flow diagram for completeness and accuracy. 2. Provide a starting point for developing screens and reports. 3. Determine the contents of data stored in files. 4. Develop the logic for data flow diagram processes. 5. Create XML (extensible markup language).

Describe the difference between base elements and derived elements.

A base element is one that is initially keyed into the system, such as a customer name, address, or city. Base elements must be stored in files. Derived elements are created by processes as the result of a calculation or a series of decision-making statements.

Define the term 'data dictionary':

A data dictionary is a reference work of data about data (metadata) created by the systems analyst based on data flow diagrams. It collects and coordinates specific data terms, confirming what each term means to different people in the organization.

Give two examples of elements that can be found in a data dictionary; one that has a standard length and one that does not have a standard length.

In the United States lengths for state name abbreviations, zip codes, and telephone numbers are all standard. Examples of elements found in a data dictionary that do not have standard lengths include names, addresses, city names, long narratives, etc.

Why are structural records used?

Structural records allow the analyst to develop the data dictionary and the data flow diagrams using a top-down approach.