T2 U5 Exam

Which of the following inhibits bone resorption and promotes bone formation?

Calcitonin

Each bone is comprised of cells, protein matrix, and mineral deposits. Which type of bone cell is not only a mature bone cell, but is also involved in maintaining bone tissue.

osteocytes

A nurse is planning discharge teaching regarding exercise for a client at risk for osteoporosis. Which exercise would the nurse be most likely to suggest?

walking

A client with rheumatoid arthritis wants to participate in water aerobics classes for arthritis at the community center. Which statement will the nurse respond to this client?

"Be sure to wear nonslip footwear for safety."

A client with a recent left above-the-knee amputation states, "I can feel pain in my left toes." Which is the best response by the nurse?

"Describe the pain and rate it on the pain scale."

The nurse is admitting a client who is to undergo an open reduction with internal fixation for a fractured femur. About which comment by the client should the nurse be most concerned?

"I was worried I would have an incision and scar."

A nurse is caring for a client who has had a total hip replacement. The nurse is reviewing health education prior to discharge. Which of the client's statements would indicate to the nurse that the client requires further teaching?

"I will need my husband to assist me in getting off the low toilet seat at home."

How long does it take for the bone to regain its former structural strength after a break?

1 year

A client has had a knee replacement and will be discharged in the morning. What does the nurse understand is the goal for bending the knee by discharge?

90 degrees

A 14-year-old client is treated in the emergency room for an acute knee sprain sustained during a soccer game. The nurse reviews discharge instructions with the client's parent. The nurse instructs the parent that the acute inflammatory stage will last how long?

24 to 48 hours

The nurse is caring for a client with rheumatoid arthritis who suffers with chronic pain in the hands. When would be the best time for the nurse to perform range-of-motion exercises?

After the client has had a warm paraffin hand bath

A client with a tibia fracture was placed in an external fixator 24 hours ago. The nurse is completing pin care and notices redness at the pin site and a small amount of serous drainage. What action by the nurse is appropriate?

Document the findings.

A client is scheduled for a total left knee arthroplasty in 2 weeks. When would the best time for postoperative nursing management begin?

before surgery

The nurse is assessing the client following orthopedic surgery for a deep vein thrombosis. When performing this assessment, the nurse is most correct to perform which movement?

dorsiflexion

The nurse is caring for a patient postoperatively following orthopedic surgery. The nurse assesses an oxygen saturation of 89%, confusion, and a rash on the upper torso. What does the nurse suspect is occurring with this patient?

fat emboli syndrome

A client has sustained traumatic injuries that involve several bone fractures. A fracture of what type of bone may interfere with the protection of the client's vital organs?

flat bones

The nurse is very concerned about the potential debilitating complication of peroneal nerve injury. What symptom does the nurse recognize as a result of that complication?

foot drop

Radiographic evaluation of a client's fracture reveals that a bone fragment has been driven into another bone fragment. The nurse identifies this as which type of fracture?

impacted

An older adult client slipped on an area rug at home and fractured the left hip. The client is unable to have surgery immediately and is having severe pain. What interventions should the nurse provide for the patient to minimize energy loss in response to pain?

Administer prescribed analgesics around-the-clock.

A client is undergoing diagnostic testing for suspected Paget disease. What assessment finding is most consistent with this diagnosis?

Altered serum calcium levels

The nurse suspects "compartment syndrome" for a casted extremity. What characteristic symptoms would the nurse assess that would confirm these suspicions? (Select all that apply.)

Decreased sensory function excruciating pain loss of motion

The nurse is taking an initial history of a new client with a musculoskeletal problem. Which factor is most important for the nurse to keep in mind for this assessment?

Any chronic disorder or recent injury

A patient sustains a fracture of the arm. When does the nurse anticipate pendulum exercise should begin?

As soon as tolerated, after a reasonable period of immobilization

A nurse is caring for a client who is in skeletal traction. To prevent the complication of skin breakdown in a client with skeletal traction, what action should be included in the plan of care?

Assess the pin insertion site every 8 hours.

A patient has stepped in a hole in the yard, causing an ankle injury. The ankle is edematous and painful to palpation. How long should the nurse inform the patient that the acute inflammatory stage will last?

Between 24 and 48 hours

The nurse intervenes to assist the client with fibromyalgia to cope with which symptoms?

Chronic fatigue, generalized muscle aching, and stiffness

A client who has undergone a lower limb amputation is preparing to be discharged home. What outcome is necessary prior to discharge?

Client can demonstrate safe use of assistive devices.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is preparing for discharge following recovery from a total hip replacement. What outcome must be met prior to discharge?

Client is able to perform transfers safely.

Which would be consistent as a component of self-care activities for the client with a cast?

Cushion rough edges of the cast with tape

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a client with a closed-reduction extremity fracture?

Encourage participation in ADLs

A client with a total hip replacement has developed decreased breath sounds. What is the nurse's best action?

Encourage use of the incentive spirometer.

The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment for a client whose right leg muscles exhibit no tone and are limp. Which descriptor should the nurse use to document this condition?

Flaccid

The nurse is preparing to perform a musculoskeletal assessment for a client with chronic muscle pain. Which assessment technique would be an appropriate tool to evaluate this type of pain?

Flex the bicep against resistance.

A client has been diagnosed with temporomandibular disorder and has not been able to eat. What suggestion can the nurse make to modify the diet so that the client will be able to eat?

Have the client eat soft rather than coarse food.

A nurse is assigned to support a patient while a cast is being applied to treat a greenstick fracture. The nurse documents that this fracture is classified as what type of fracture?

Incomplete

To reduce the incidence of complications in a client in traction, which intervention should be included in the care plan?

Increase fiber intake

A clinic nurse is caring for a client with suspected gout. While describing the pathophysiology of gout to the client, what should the nurse explain?

Increased uric acid levels

A client experienced an open fracture to the left femur during a horse-riding accident. For which complication is this client at highest risk?

Infection

A nurse is discussing conservative management of tendonitis with a client. What is the nurse's best recommendation?

Intermittent application of ice and heat

A client has sustained a long bone fracture and the nurse is preparing the client's care plan. Which of the following should the nurse include in the care plan?

Monitor temperature and pulses of the affected extremity.

A client is having traction applied to a fractured left lower extremity prior to surgery. What outcomes does the nurse expect from the application of the traction for the client? Select all that apply.

Muscle spasms will be relieved. The bones of the left leg will be aligned. Immobilization of the left leg will be maintained.

A client who had a total hip replacement two days ago reports new onset calf tenderness to the nurse. Which action should the nurse take?

Notify the health care provider

The nurse is preparing to care for a client who has scleroderma. The nurse refers to resources that describe CREST syndrome. Which condition is a component of CREST syndrome?

Raynaud phenomenon

A client broke his arm in a sports accident and required the application of a cast. Shortly following application, the client reported an inability to straighten his fingers and was subsequently diagnosed with Volkmann contracture. What pathophysiologic process caused this complication?

Obstructed arterial blood flow to the forearm and hand

A 10-year-old client is growing at a rate appropriate for the client's age. Which cells are responsible for the secretion of bone matrix, which eventually results in bone growth?

Osteoblasts

The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient who may have peripheral neurovascular dysfunction. What signs does the patient present with that indicate circulation is impaired? (Select all that apply.)

Pale, cyanotic, or mottled color Cool temperature of the extremity More than 3-second capillary refill

The nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client with rheumatoid arthritis. What teachings are priorities for the client? Select all that apply.

Safe exercise medication dosages and side effects assistive devices

Which interventions should a nurse implement as part of initial pain relief for the client with a cast? Select all that apply.

apply cold pack administer analgesics elevate the involved part

Which is an inaccurate principle of traction?

Skeletal traction is interrupted to turn and reposition the client.

A client reports pain in the right knee, stating, "My knee got twisted when I was going down the stairs." The client was diagnosed with an injury to the ligaments and tendons of the right knee. Which terminology, documented by the nurse, best reflects the injury?

Sprain

The health care team is caring for a client with osteomalacia. It has been determined that the osteomalacia is caused by malabsorption. What treatment should the nurse anticipate?

Supplemental calcium and increased doses of vitamin D

A client has been prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications for treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. What should the nurse be sure to include when educating the client about taking this medication?

Take the medication with food.

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for an elderly client with osteoporosis. Which instruction about a calcium supplement should the nurse include?

Take the supplement with meals or with orange juice.

A nurse is caring for a 78-year-old client with a history of osteoarthritis (OA). When planning the client's care, what goal should the nurse prioritize?

The client will express satisfaction with the ability to perform ADLs.

The nurse is assisting a client with removing shoes prior to an examination and observes that the client has a flexion deformity of several toes on both feet of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. What can the nurse encourage the client to do?

Wear properly fitting shoes.

After surgery to treat a hip fracture, a client returns from the postanesthesia care unit to the medical-surgical unit. Postoperatively, how should the nurse position the client?

With the leg on the affected side abducted

Which hormone inhibits bone resorption and increases the deposit of calcium in the bone?

calcitonin

Radiographs of a client's upper arm shows three fragments of the humeral bone. This diagnostic result suggests what type of fracture?

comminuted

Which type of fracture is one in which the skin or mucous membrane wound extends to the fractured bone?

compound

Which is not one of the general nursing measures employed when caring for the client with a fracture?

cranial nerve assessment

A nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment of a client with arthritis. During passive range-of-motion exercises, the nurse hears an audible grating sound. The nurse should document the presence of what assessment finding?

crepitus

An older adult woman's current medication regimen includes alendronate. What outcome would indicate successful therapy?

increased bone mass

The nursing care plan for a client in traction specifies regular assessments for venous thromboembolism (VTE). When assessing a client's lower limbs, what sign or symptom is suggestive of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

increased warmth of the calf

Which of the following is an example of a hinge joint?

knee

A nurse is educating a client with gout about lifestyle modifications that can help control the signs and symptoms of the disease. What recommendation should the nurse make?

limiting intake of alcohol

The human body has 206 bones, which are classified into four categories. Which types of bones are located in the forearm?

long bones

Which of the following deformity causes a exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine?

lordosis

A client with degenerative joint disease asks the nurse for suggestions to avoid unusual stress on the joints. Which suggestion would be most appropriate?

maintain good posture

A client scheduled to undergo an electromyography asks the nurse what this test will evaluate. What is the correct response from the nurse?

muscle weakness

A client presents to the emergency department with fever, chills, restlessness, and limited movement of a fractured jaw. What complication should the nurse interpret as the findings?

osteomyleitis

Which is a hallmark sign of compartment syndrome?

pain

A client's fracture is healing and compact bone is replacing spongy bone around the periphery of the fracture. This process characterizes what phase of the bone healing process?

remodeling

A client is taking large amounts of salicylates for the treatment of bursitis of the left shoulder. The client should be aware to report which symptoms of salicylism?

ringing in the ears

A client has Paget's disease. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client is:

risk for falls

A client presents at a clinic reporting back pain that goes all the way down the back of the leg to the foot. The nurse should document the presence of what type of pain?

sciatica

A nurse's assessment reveals that a client has shoulders that are not level and one prominent scapula that is accentuated by bending forward. The nurse should expect to read about which health problem in the client's electronic health record?

scoliosis

A client undergoes an invasive joint examination of the knee. The nurse would closely monitor the client for which of the following?

serous drainage

The clinic nurse is caring for a client with an injured body part that does not require rigid immobilization. What method of immobilization would the nurse expect the health care provider to use on a short-term basis?

splint

A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which structure?

tendon

The nurse assesses soft subcutaneous nodules along the line of the tendons in a patient's hand and wrist. What does this finding indicate to the nurse?

The patient has rheumatoid arthritis.