Tableau Certification Exam
Actions that Tableau offers
highlight filter URL Go to Sheet Change Set Values
You can set all types of dashboard actions to run in 3 ways
hover, select, menu
Reference lines
mark specific values or regions on an axis based on constant or computed values
Most commonly used Calculated Fields in Tableau
math operations logic statements aggregating data manipulating strings date formulas
Calculation - Operators
must be typed manually <>, AND, OR, NOT
Options to label reference line
none, value, computation, custom
Measures
numeric data values Fields that contain numbers, which can be aggregated. A measure typically creates a numerical axis in the view
how to extend worksheet filters
on filter drop down menu, select Apply to Worksheets
Which character do you use to concatenate strings
+
What is the Tableau Data Source File called
.tds
Add a Date filter
1. Drag date field to Filters shelf 2. In the Filter Field, select the type of date filter you want
Sharing Data Source
1. Select data sources to share and choose Publish to Server. 2. Name source 3. Close existing files. 4. Open a new workbook and connect to Shared Data Connection 5. Save file locally or create local copy for editing from a file that is shared on Tableau Server, or publish to Tableau Server
Create Visual Grouping
1. Select fields on graph 2. Right click and click "Group"
Manual sorts - drag and drop
1. Select the headers or labels for the items you want to sort 2. Drag the headers or labels
2 ways to create calculated fields
1. Type them directly on Columns, Rows, or Marks card (ad-hoc) 2. Use the Calculated Field editor
How to create a simple map?
1. Under Dimensions, select a field with a globe icon and drag it to Detail 2. Under Measures, select the value you want to show on the map and drag it to the generated map 3. Use the Marks card to change the marks on the map
How to create a map using a spatial file
1. Under Measures, select the Geometry field and drag it to Detail 2. Click the Analysis and select Aggregate Measures or add more fields to the Detail
Create Geographic Groups on a Map
1. Use any of the map selection tools and click the Group icon 2. Select level of detail for the grouped locations
How to distribute tiled components
1. select layout container by clicking a sheet or object within the container to select it, and click Select Layout Container 2. click Distribute Evenly
Custom Split
Allows you to split a column into multiple columns and to specify the separator used for the splits On the Data Source tab, click the drop-down arrow of the column to be split and select Custom Split Enter a separator and set the options for splitting of the columns. First or Last, specify the number of columns to split.
Using the Marks card, you can:
Add color Make marks smaller or larger Add and modify labels Add a field to detail Add a field to a tooltip
Customer - Analytics Pane
Add custom lines, bands, and box plots
Model - Analytics Pane
Adds modeling information to your view, such as trend lines, forecasting, and average distribution band
Where are dates and times automatically placed?
Dimensions
Custom dates
Calculated data parts you can save in Data pane, and can be discrete or continuous Similar to DATETRUNC() 1. Right click data field you want and point to Create and select Custom Date 2. Give the custom date field a meaningful name and choose which type in Detail drop down list
Calculations - Bold Text
Calculation is computed locally within Tableau
Create a default sort
Can be computed or manual 1. Right click dimension to sort on in Data pane. 2. On context menu, select Default Properties and choose Sort 3. In Sort dialog box, choose the Sort By and Sort Order options
What to choose if you have two measures with the same units and we want the scales to be the same
Choose Synchronize Axis
Change total or subtotal formatting
Click Borders on Format menu. Select the Rows tab and then add Pane and Header divider lines in the Total and Grand Total sections. Use Level slider in the Row Divider section
Table Calculations
Computed locally using only the data in the view. Some are also Quick Table Calculations
Expected Value Summary
Describes whether the value is unexpected
Parameters
Dynamic variables that can replace constant values, and which allow view consumers to control the view in some way
reference line scope
Entire Table, Per Pane, or Per Cell
What should I do with outliers?
Exclude the outliers from your view (CTRL+click and hover over the marks to select Exclude on Tooltip menu) Call out the outliers using an annotation (right click, select Annotate, click Mark, use the Edit Annotation)
3 options of Data Connections
File Server Saved Data Source
Stacked Marks
For measures that add up to a whole, modify the combined axis chart to show stacked marks instead of side by side marks
Sort using one click
Hover over an axis and click the sorting icon
Analyze using the Tooltip
If tooltip selection is turned on for your worksheet, then any discrete dimension or measure that is included in the tooltip becomes an active link
Sort Table Column in crosstab
If your table contains a single value per pane for all rows, you can choose Nested or Field sort for that column. You can also sort columns that have discrete measures 1. Drag dimension to Columns shelf 2. Drag dimension to Rows shelf 3. Choose Add All Members 4. Drag measure to Text 5. Right click dimension and choose Sort
Change a Measure to dimension and vice versa
In Data pane, drag dim to measure or measure to dim
How to select ISO-8601 Calendar
In data pane, right-click date source and point to Date Properties and select ISO-8601 in the default
Calculation - Fields
Includes both data source fields and calculated fields
Summarize - Analytics Pane
Includes options to add pre-defined components such as constant and average lines, medians with quartiles, box plots, and totals
Explanations List
List possible explanations for the value in the selected mark
Impact of Data Connection Type
Live - changes to data are reflected when you open viz Extract - changes are not reflected until refresh
Does the .tds file contain data from underlying source?
No, data about modification and connection info added
Calculations - [Purple Text]
Parameters
What is the default selection field for mapping?
Rectangular
Update field reference to correct invalid field due to data
Right click invalid field in Data pane and select Replace References
Create Nested Geographic Groups
Right click on previously created group in Data pane and choose Create and then Group
Add filter to view
Right click the field on filter shelf and choose Show Filter
Create Geographic Groups from Data Pane
Right click the geographic groups from the Data pane, and click on the geographic field and choose Create and then Group
Create a crosstab from an existing view
Right click the tab for the worksheet you want to duplicate and choose Duplicate as Crosstab
A ________ icon indicates a sorted field
SORT
Filter on Measure
Show only values that meet filter criteria Select method of aggregation Options - range of values, at least, at most, special
Select most recent date for filter
Select the Filter to latest date value when workbook is opened
What to do if desired dimension is not already in view, what should we show?
Show Highlighter
2 ways to build a viz
Show Me menu or build your own
Sets
Subsets of data you define
Analytics Pane includes:
Summarize Model Custom
Table calculations scope
Table, Pane, and Cell
Filter on a Dimension
These filters are cumulative - use AND logic Options - general, wildcard, condition, top
Why Use a Scatter Plot?
To answer questions about relationship between variables To see data that deviates from primary trend
Creating Dual Axis Charts
Useful for showing how two different measures compare to each other Used to show: two measures with different measurement units, different scales, same units and scale, different mark types Right click measure and choose Dual Axis
Show totals and subtotals using the Analytics Pane
Using Analytics pane to drag Totals to view. Choose Subtotals, Row Grand Totals, and Column Grand Totals
Marks
When a dimension or measure is dragged into a view it is displayed here Bars, circles, pies, text, and lines are examples of this
Table calculations
computations that are applied to the values for a measure in the view allow for a second pass aggregation
Split
You can automatically split regularly separated (delimited) strings in a column to create new columns In the Data Source window, click the drop down of the column you want to split, and select Split. OR Under Dimensions in the Data pane of a worksheet, right click the field you want to split, select Transform, and then click Split
How to replace null values with 0
ZN function
Interactive elements that you can add to a dashboard for users include ______. (Select all that apply.) a. URL actions b. edit tooltip options c. filter actions d. hide and unhide all sheet options
a. URL actions & c. filter actions.
Quick table calculation
accessible from the measure in the view, which will modify the measure and default scope and direction use default scope and direction (Table - across)
Table calculation direction
across (default) or down
Formatting components available for dashboard
add a border around component add background color to component set both inner and outer padding for each side of component
DATEPARSE function
allows you to change a string into a recognized date field DATEPARSE("MMMM, dd, yy", "September,4,12") = 9/4/2012
Tiled components
arranged in a grid consisting of layout containers select tiled instead of floating
Highlight table
color-encoded crosstab call attention to a very high or low data values and are useful for showing detailed valued in text, while emphasizing outliers and patterns in color
custom table calculation
available by saving table calculation
edit table calculation
available from the measure in the view once a table calculation has been applied, and allows the changes in direction and scope
2. You created a group by selecting field labels in a view. How can you remove members from the group? a. In the view, right-click the group members you want to remove and select Exclude. b. In the Data pane, right-click the group and select Edit Group. c. In the view, right-click the group members you want to remove and select Format. d. On a color legend, right-click a member you want to remove and select Format legends.
b. In the Data pane, right-click the group and select Edit Group.
A _____ field on a shelf indicates a discrete field
blue
Which of the following is the best reason to use an extract instead of a live connection? a. Your data source only supports a live connection via ODBC. b. You need the freshest possible data at all times. c. You need to apply an aggregation that takes too long when using a live connection. d. You need to join tables that are in the data source.
c. You need to apply an aggregation that takes too long when using a live connection.
Spatial Files
contain geographic data which identifies the physical location and boundaries. These are useful for geographic data that is not in the Tableau mapping engine encodes features as geometrical shapes automatically creates a new field called Geometry
Date values
continuous chronological progression of time; product continuous timeline/axis green fields
Where are grand totals most commonly used?
crosstabs
what is a calculated field
custom column derived from existing data in data source
A_____ icon indicates that a field has a table calculation applied to it
delta
Computed sorts
organizes the data in the view by applying rules, such as sorting alphabetically or sorting quantities in descending order. These are dynamic.
Analyze Using the Highlighter
perform ad-hoc analysis of the data in scatterplots Allows you to quickly find and compare specific values within the context of the data set Field must be discrete field and included in the view
Devices available to show
phone tablet desktop
The ____ and ___ controls appear when the field is part of a hierarchy in which you can drill up or drill down
plus and minus
Analyze using Explain Data
provide potential explanation for an outlier lightbulb icon will build statistical models and propose potential explanations for selected mark
How to see where the worksheet is being used within the workbook
right click the worksheet tab and selecting Used In
where does Tableau place totals and subtotals by default?
right or bottom of the view
Selected Mark
shows which mark is being analyzed by displaying its dimension values
Save a local data source
to save the file locally for personal use, on the Data menu, select the connection you want to create as a data source, and choose Add to Saved Data Sources
Where are the fields for latitude and longitude displayed?
under Measures
How many columns can you split
up to 10
Why use calculated fields?
use when underlying data does not contain all of the values you need for analysis
Outliers
values that appear to diverge from the trend. very good to see outliers
Connection between dashboards and worksheets
views in a dashboard are connected to the worksheets they represent when changes are made to the view or dashboard, changes with reflect in both places
publish dashboard online
with organization - Tableau Online or Tableau Server account everyone - Tableau Public
Date parts to use in date functions
year, month, day, hour, minute, second
Calculations - Plain Text
calculation computed at database level
Highlight actions
call attention to marks of interest by coloring relevant marks and dimming all others
Floating components
can be layered on tope of other items
Calculation - Functions
can use to create formula
Map Options
choose to allow pan and zoom, map search, view toolbar, map scale, and units
Add a quick table calculation
click drop down measure for field in measure
Fitting a View to its Container
click small white drop down arrow on view's toolbar and select Fit and choose desired fit
Dashboard
collection of worksheets and supporting information shown in a single view, so you can compare and monitor a variety of data simultaneously
Calculations - //Gray text
comments
Which of the following can you use to create a calculated field that returns data independent of the data granularity in a view? a. An INCLUDE LOD calculation b. A table calculation c. A basic calculation d. A FIXED LOD calculation
d. A FIXED LOD calculation.
A field that shows average home values for the United States in 2016 is most likely: a. A discrete date part dimension b. A continuous date value dimension c. A geographical dimension d. An aggregated measure
d. An aggregated measure.
Date parts
discrete specific units of time contained in data produce discrete headers/labels for each date part blue
Dimensions
discrete categories of data Fields that contain qualitative, categorical information such as text or dates. A dimension field typically sets the level of aggregation for numeric data, and creates labels in a view
Measure in Use
displays multiple measures as different tabs. Click the tab to select the measures to use in explanations
Explanation Description Pane
displays the selected explanation with a combination of text and viza
Calculations - [Orange Text]
field names
Calculations - Blue Text()
functions
Measure values and measure names
generated fields that serve as containers for more than one measure. Names are at the bottom of the list of Dimensions and Values are at the bottom of the list of Measures
Tree map
good option for showing part to whole relationships, especially data sets with long tails, because tree maps show all of data at once
Scatter plot
graph of plotted points used to compare two measures and show patterns across data sets
A _____ field on a shelf indicates a continuous field
green
Negative correlation
high or low values in the variables show opposing trends
Positive correlation
high or low values in the variables show similar trends
Filter actions
send info between worksheets, typically from a select mark to another sheet showing relevant information
____, ____, and ______ buttons display in the blank space on the Marks card when you select the associated mark from the drop-down menu
shape, angle, and path
reference bands
show data that falls within a certain window value, and display as shared areas between two constant or computed values
What are correlations?
statistical relationship between values When you view a scatter plot, look for three types of correlations
Uses for a pie chart
filtering or highlighting actions on a dashboard showing a high-level breakdown of a measure by dimension with a small number of members
What is added by default to worksheets in dashboard
filters and legends are added by default
add table calculation
for more control in creating the table calculation from an existing measure, accessible from the measure in the view
Sort using the sort dialog
1. Right click on a dimension in the view and choose Sort from the context menu 2. Click the desired Sort By and Sort Order settings
How to change total or subtotal position?
1. Analysis menu 2. Click Totals 3. Check or clear Row Totals to Left or Column Totals to Top
Calculated Field Editor
1. Analysis>>Create Calculated Field; right click empty area in Data pane and choose Create Calculated Field; Right click data field in Data pane, point to Create, choose Calculated Field
Manual Sorts - Sort dialog
1. Click on the drop-down menu of a dimension in the view and choose Sort 2. In the Sort dialog, under Sort By, click Manual sort and drag and reorder values
3 steps of Desktop workflow
1. Connect to data 2. Analyze your data and build views 3. Share insights using a Dashboard or Story
Change between date values and date parts
1. Drag Date field to columns or rows 2. Choose date part or value you desire
Change hierarchical order of date fields
1. Drag a date field into the view to the Rows or Columns shelf 2. Drag a measure field to Rows 3. Click the plus sign in the date field to expend the date hierarchy
Create a Highlight table
1. Drag a least one dimension to the Rows shelf or Columns shelf 2. Drag a measure to Text on Marks card 3. Drag measure to Color or drag Measure Values to Color 4. On Marks card, choose Square
Create a new crosstab
1. Drag dimension to Columns shelf 2. Drag dimension to Rows shelf 3. Drag a measure to Text on Marks card
Build Combined-Axis Chart
1. Drag measure to Rows 2. Drag a second measure on to the vertical axis, dropping it when you see the light green double bar icon 3. Drag a dimension to Columns
Organize Dimensions and Measures in Folders
1. In Data pane, right click white space below fields and make sure the Group by Folder option is selected 2. In Data pane, right click the white space below the fields and choose Create Folder 3. Name folder
Set a relative date filter
1. In the Filter Field, select Relative Date and click Next 2. Choose the time unit 3. Set specific time to target
How to show subtotals?
1. On Analysis menu, select Totals, and choose Add All Subtotals
How to show row and column totals?
1. On Analysis menu, select Totals, and choose Show Row Grand Totals or Show Column Grand Totals
Show totals in highlight table
1. On Analysis, select Totals, and choose Show Column/Row Grand Totals 2. To include total in color coding, click Color and click Edit Colors 3. Under Edit Colors, select Include Totals and Apply
Show/Hide Sort Controls
1. On Worksheet menu, select Show Sort Controls to turn the controls on or off
Rename a field
1. On the Data pane, click and hold the field you want to rename 2. Type new alias
Table Calculations - Levels of Control
1. Quick table calculation 2. Add table calculation 3. Edit table calculation 4. Custom table calculation
How to create group
1. Right click 2. "Create" group 3. Select topics and click "Group"
How to create hierarchy
1. Right click 2. Hierarchy 3. Create hierarchy 4. Drag to add hierarchy
See table calculation in view
1. Right click any measure and choose Add Table Calculation 2. Use the Table Calculation dialog box to set up calculation
Set Default Properties for a Measure and Dimension
1. Right click the Measure/Dimension field to modify and select Default Properties 2. Choose one of the following: comment, color, number format, aggregation, totals
Two ways to save a .tds file
1. Save the file locally for personal use - On the Data, menu, select the connection you want to create as a data source, and choose Add to Saved Data Sources. Changes in the data source are not inherited. 2. Export to Tableau Server - On the Data menu, select the connection you want to share, and choose Publish to Server. Subsequent workbooks can inherit the data source changes
Set a range of dates filter
1. Select Range of Dates in Filter Field box 2. Choose Starting date and Ending date