Talent Acquisition - Approaches to Job Design

Motivational Approach to Job Design

-This approach is grounded in insights from organizational behavior theory and takes into account the various personal rewards achieved through performing job tasks

Five different approaches to job design

-mechanistic -motivational -biological -perceptual-motor -relational.

Biological Approach to Job Design

-The goal of this approach is to minimize the physical strain placed upon employees in performing a job. -Relevant to jobs that are physically demanding. -Rooted in ergonomics, the study of how workers best perform and use equipment

Mechanistic Approach to Job Design

-Focuses on increasing efficiency, flexibility and employee productivity. -Manufacturing work, certain office jobs, and even telemarketing, highly specialized jobs

Perceptual-Motor Approach to Job Design

-Focuses on mental capacities and limitations rather than physical. -Emphasizes timely, accurate communication and a spirit of collaboration and teamwork. -Decrease amount of information and memorization Increase lighting and make visual displays clear -Provide easy to follow instructions

Relational Approach to Job Design

-Incorporates both stage and site-based specialization. -Combines an evaluation of the specific step or stage in the process with an analysis of where the step or stage is performed. -Based on an understanding of neurology and the mental demands of a particular job

Relational Approach Pros/Cons

PROS: -Emphasizes timely, accurate communication, and the spirit of collaboration and teamwork infused in each project CONS: -May take more time than other methods due to the need to keep team members up-to-date and adequately informed

Biological Approach | Pros/Cons

PROS: -Attention paid to a worker's comfort CONS: -Cost to fit the equipment and work environment to the needs of the worker

Perceptual-Motor Approach Pros/Cons

PROS: -Concerned with neurology, attention span, and memory -Attention paid to a worker's comfort (computer -programs, equipment, both lighting and visibility) -Reduces stress and boredom in an effort to avoid errors or accidents CONS: -Lacks some of the motivational concerns of the motivational approach -May lead to a worker who finds his or her job less meaningful

Mechanistic Approach | Pros/Cons

PROS: -Highly specialized jobs -When a job's tasks are maximized for efficiency and productivity -Human factors and time are managed for effectiveness -Little chance for performance errors CONS: -Job satisfaction or motivation lacking -High absenteeism.

Motivational Approach | Pros/Cons

PROS: -Tracks worker feedback -Measures the freedom of a worker to organize work, participate in decision-making, and collaborate in teams -Distinguishes jobs that require great skill and have varied tasks to be performed CONS: -Lower productivity -Tendency for errors, which may impact the business unit or organization as a whole