Taylor chapter 2 prep U

The scientific process and nursing research have the same methodologies for investigating and solving problems. Place the steps of the scientific process and nursing research in order. 2Identifying what one needs to know or is curious about 1Devising a plan 3Implementing the plan 4Deciding the approach to seeking the answer 5Assessing the outcomes

2. Identifying what one needs to know or is curious about 4. Deciding the approach to seeking the answer 1. Devising a plan 3. Implementing the plan 5. Assessing the outcomes

A nurse wants to implement Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory in the acute care setting. Which nursing action demonstrates proper use and implementation of this theory? Assessing for factors interfering with healing Providing a supportive environment Restoring self-care capability Creating a clean, quiet environment

Assessing for factors interfering with healing

Knowledge gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience is which type of knowledge? Authoritative knowledge Philosophy knowledge Scientific knowledge Traditional knowledge

Authoritative knowledge

A nurse researcher who plans to collect and analyze data for the purpose of creating a new theory should select which type of research? Quantitative research Qualitative research Applied research Basic research

Basic research

An abstract idea or object that relates to other abstract ideas or objects is which? Theory Inductive reasoning Concept Deductive reasoning

Concept

The process of considering an idea as a whole and then dividing it into smaller, more specific ideas is which? Inductive reasoning Deductive reasoning Theory Concept

Deductive reasoning

Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research? Promotion of recovery Health appraisal Prevention of trauma Drug metabolism

Drug metabolism

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of: Maslow. Watson. Erikson. Rogers.

Erikson.

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process? Formulating a clinical question Searching the literature Evaluating practice change Appraising evidence

Evaluating practice change

In order for the nurse to be able to apply the knowledge that has been obtained in the formal education process, which theory would best break whole concepts into parts and then determine how the parts would work together as a whole? General systems theory Developmental theory Adaptation theory Theory of human needs

General systems theory

The statement, "More frequent handwashing will significantly lower the rate of infection in hospitalized clients," is an example of what research component? Implication Proposal Research question Hypothesis

Hypothesis

A nurse researcher is involved in an experimental research study. Which component would the nurse researcher manipulate? Independent variable Dependent variable Data analysis Research design

Independent variable

Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct research? Select all that apply. Student nurses Nurses at the PhD level Nurse Practitioners Clinical Nurse Specialists Novice nurses

Novice nurses Student nurses

Which activity systematically inquires about the problems encountered in nursing practice and into the modalities of client care? Outcome criteria Scientific inquiry Nursing research Managed care

Nursing research

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge? Nursing research explains ongoing medical studies to clients, and asks for participation. Nursing research involves clients in their care while hospitalized. Nursing research draws conclusions about the quality of client care. Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

Which is most similar to a nursing model? Proposition Nursing construct Adaptation Nursing theory

Nursing theory

Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice? Developmental theory Adaptation theory Systems theory Nursing theory

Nursing theory

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory? Person Environment Nursing Health

Person

Which are core concepts in nursing theory? (Select all that apply.) Environment Health Person (client) Nursing Society

Person (client) Environment Health Nursing

A nurse researcher is studying female clients who have survived breast cancer. The nurse asks each client to describe her experience and then analyzes the data for the meaning of the experience within each person's own reality. This nurse has used what type of qualitative research method? Ethnography Phenomenology

Phenomenology

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to? Turning clients more frequently Preventing skin breakdown Clients who have experienced a stroke The currently used turning schedule

Preventing skin breakdown

What are the primary purposes for conducting research in nursing? Select all that apply. Develop new ways to improve assessment and diagnostic skills Decrease the number of illnesses in the population Provide a resource for evaluating care Improve NCLEX pass rates Provide a basis for best practice guidelines

Provide a basis for best practice guidelines Provide a resource for evaluating care Develop new ways to improve assessment and diagnostic skills

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care? Quantitative Qualitative Nonscientific Ordinal

Qualitative

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic? Delphi study Quantitative research Qualitative research Methodologic survey

Qualitative research

Which type of quantitative research will examine cause-and-effect relationships between selected variables? Descriptive Quasi-experimental Experimental Correlational

Quasi-experimental

Which types of knowledge are subjective? (Select all that apply.) Scientific knowledge Evidence-based practice Scientific method Traditional knowledge Authoritative knowledge

Scientific knowledge Evidence-based practice Scientific method

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process? Scientific literature review Problem statement formulation Identification of theoretical framework Problem area identification

Scientific literature review

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do? Recommend best practices for client care. Provide a statical analysis for studies. Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice. Ask a question about a clinical practice.

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

A group of concepts and the relationships among them is what? Inductive reasoning Theory Deductive reasoning Evidence-based practice

Theory

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what? Philosophical knowledge Authoritative knowledge Traditional knowledge Scientific knowledge

Traditional knowledge

A nurse working in a long-established hospital learned a specific approach to administering intravenous injections from the previous generation of nurses at the hospital. This is an example of which type of knowledge? Authoritative knowledge Traditional knowledge Philosophy knowledge Scientific knowledge

Traditional knowledge

A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory? Assisting the client in coping with a new diagnosis Assisting the client in recognizing signs of infection and changing dressings Assisting the client to the bedside commode Assisting the client in finding a clean, well-lit residence

Assisting the client to the bedside commode

The student nurse is combing through various medical websites searching for information to answer a research question for a class assignment. Which note(s) would indicate the nurse is referencing a reputable website? Select all that apply. Site reviewed last year Dr. J.C. lead investigator List of references Need to find sponsor Author's email address

Author's email address List of references Site reviewed last year

The nurse is reading about nursing theorists for a class. The theory reveals the following, "Individuals who use self-care to sustain life and health, to recover from disease or injury, or to cope with its effects." Which individual developed this theory? Virginia Henderson Dorothea Orem Sister Callista Roy Florence Nightingale

Dorothea Orem

A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description? Descriptive research Quasi-experimental research Experimental research Correlational research

Experimental research

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave? Adaptation theory Developmental theory General systems theory Nursing theory

General systems theory

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered? Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care. Nurses now spend time looking up the best way to give nursing care. Nursing care now incorporates research studies into client care. Nurses now have to take part in research.

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

What was the focus of nursing research during the first half of the twentieth century,? Available nurse supply Treatment issues Client care Nursing education

Nursing education

Which represents the basic framework of the research process? Quantitative data Nursing process Qualitative data Nursing theory

Nursing process

When a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection of narrative data and the analyses would select which of the following methods of research? Applied research Qualitative research Basic research Quantitative research

Qualitative research

A nurse providing care has a personal philosophy that nursing interventions should be instituted for clients when the clients demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses. This nurse's philosophy is based on the theory of: Imogene M. King Sister Callista Roy Madeline Leininger Jean Watson

Sister Callista Roy

Which are valid purposes for concepts in nursing practice? (Select all that apply.) Help identify information relevant to a specific client issue Suggest appropriate nursing interventions Provide a constant for all nursing care Suggest appropriate nursing outcomes for a client Guide the steps of the nursing process

Suggest appropriate nursing outcomes for a client Guide the steps of the nursing process Suggest appropriate nursing interventions Help identify information relevant to a specific client issue

The nurse is preparing to submit a research project to the institutional review board (IRB). The nurse understands that if the IRB were to reject the research project, it would most likely be for which reason? The project lacks sufficient safeguards to protect human subjects. The proposed data collection method is invalid. The estimated cost of conducting the research is excessive. The research is unlikely to be publishable in a peer-reviewed journal.

The project lacks sufficient safeguards to protect human subjects.

A conceptual framework is defined as: a foundation for nursing skills and care. a set of concepts and propositions. an explanation of nursing and nursing practice. a set of phenomena and related abstractions.

a set of concepts and propositions.

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as: adults. lower blood pressure. no change in salt intake. reducing salt intake.

adults.

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and: cost efficiency of treatment models. care based on pathophysiologic factors. evaluation by experts to direct care in specialty areas. use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting? Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions. Monitor therapeutic interventions in the client's home. Counsel client on methods to adapt to current state to reduce stress. Assist the client to conserve and maintain principles of personal and social integrity.

Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.

A nurse caring for clients in a hospital setting focuses on the ill person in the health care setting. The nurse also provides care based on helping clients to adapt to the health care environment. Whose nursing theory principle is the nurse following? Myra E. Levine Imogene King Dorothea Orem Martha Rogers

Myra E. Levine

If a nurse describes a study of people and the nursing profession including studies of education, policy development, ethics, and nursing history, then what is the nurse defining? Maslow's theory Nursing theory Nursing research Adaptation theory

Nursing research

What is the central theme of Florence Nightingale's nursing theory? Humans are in a constant relationship with stressors in the environment. Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment. Nursing is an art. Nursing is a therapeutic, interpersonal, and goal-oriented process.

Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment

A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague? Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients. Agree the method should be used immediately with their own clients. Help share the information with other staff members so all can use the new technique. Suggest they conduct their own research to determine if it will work with their clients.

Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to: prevent further disease and death. generate knowledge to guide practice. determine outcomes for clients. quantify outcomes related to clients.

generate knowledge to guide practice.

A well-constructed problem statement formulated at the beginning of a nursing research study should: incorporate nursing theory. indicate the population. include significant references. identify benefits of the study.

indicate the population.

From 1900 to 1940, research in nursing focused on: cost-effectiveness of nursing care. increasing workforce in the nursing profession. nursing education and teaching. improving client care outcomes.

nursing education and teaching.

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and: use of outcome studies to guide decisions. evaluation by experts to direct care in specialty areas. care based on pathophysiologic factors. cost efficiency of treatment models.

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

Question 5 of 20 Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice? Theory development Case management Evidence-based research Client-focused care

Evidence-based research

What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice? Case management Theoretical writing Evidence-based research Client-focused care

Evidence-based research

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "I read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Scientific knowledge

Which is the best example of evidence-based nursing practice? Continuing to prescribe an antibiotic that is no longer recommended in the literature based on 20 years of personal success in treating clients using this antibiotic Recommending ginger to alleviate nausea and vomiting in obstetric clients based on a literature review Consulting with a prescribing health care provider about a client on the cardiac floor who does not take daily aspirin, a practice recommended in a nursing journal article for people 50 years and older Using central line dressing kits to reduce infection rates in clients based on 10 years of experience working in the ICU

Recommending ginger to alleviate nausea and vomiting in obstetric clients based on a literature review

Place the steps of evidence-based practice in the correct order. 3 Design a question related to a clinical area of interest. 4 Evaluate the decision or change. 2 Collect the most relevant and best evidence available. 5 Critically evaluate the collected evidence. 1 Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, client preferences, and values as the decision is made to make a change.

3 Design a question related to a clinical area of interest. 2 Collect the most relevant and best evidence available. 5 Critically evaluate the collected evidence. 1 Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, client preferences, and values as the decision is made to make a change. 4 Evaluate the decision or change.

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to: evaluate the effect of current research. promote research for health promotion. advance the level of nursing research funding. investigate and expand nursing theory.

promote research for health promotion.

Christine Grady is a nurse ethicist that proposed a framework for evaluating ethics. Grady suggested that a independent review is needed for ethical research. This principle is correctly defined as: individuals should be informed about the research and provide their voluntary consent. enhancements of health or knowledge must be derived from the research. scientific objectives, not vulnerability or privilege, and the potential for and distraction of risk and benefits, should determine communities selected as study sites and the inclusion criteria for individual subject. unaffiliated individuals must review the research and approve, amend, or terminate the research.

unaffiliated individuals must review the research and approve, amend, or terminate the research.

Which is not an example of a problem statement? "Is it better to tell clients that a medical error has occurred with their care and do an internal investigation, or tell them about the error and do an internal investigation?" "What is it like for teens with cystic fibrosis to experience a lung transplant that fails?" "In clients with stage II pressure injuries, does screening for and treating diagnosed depression decrease healing time?" "Is there a relationship between diet soda intake and obesity in adolescent boys?"

"Is it better to tell clients that a medical error has occurred with their care and do an internal investigation, or tell them about the error and do an internal investigation?"

Which could be considered an example of a qualitative research project? A BSN student is looking at the prevalence of alcohol hand sanitizer use on an adult medical floor. The student is collecting data by observing nurses going in and out of rooms and noting how often they use hand sanitizer and how often they do not. A nurse is a member of the wound care team on an inpatient floor in the hospital. The nurse is collecting data for a research project that is interested in uptake of information given to clients by nurses. The nurse is giving clients a quiz about the information both before client education occurs and afterward. A member of a nursing research team is interested in the prevalence of anemia in a group of clients with Crohn disease. This researcher is looking at the serum hemoglobin and ferritin levels of these clients. A PhD nursing student is collecting data on how Somali immigrants perceive the care they receive in one community clinic. The nursing student is taping and analyzing interviews with clients that have been in the country and community 2 years or less and who have sought care at least once at this clinic.

A PhD nursing student is collecting data on how Somali immigrants perceive the care they receive in one community clinic. The nursing student is taping and analyzing interviews with clients that have been in the country and community 2 years or less and who have sought care at least once at this clinic.

What is a conceptual framework? A foundation for nursing skills and care An explanation of nursing and nursing practice A set of phenomena and related abstractions A group of interrelated objects that follow a pattern

A group of interrelated objects that follow a pattern

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client? Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian. Assist the spouse with online grocery shopping. Set up diabetic home meal delivery for the client. Authorize an unlicensed nursing personnel to cook for the client.

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.

The American Nurses Association's Commission on Nursing Education developed guidelines for the investigative function of nurses at different educational levels. Which guideline is for a nurse with an associate degree? Reads, interprets, and evaluates research for applicability to nursing practice Analyzes and reformulates nursing practice problems so that scientific knowledge and scientific method can be used to find solutions Assists in collection of data within an established, structured format Identifies nursing problems that need to be investigated and participates in implementation of scientific studies

Assists in collection of data within an established, structured format

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a client in the clinic. The client states, "My nutritionist told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what? Scientific knowledge Traditional knowledge Philosophical knowledge Authoritative knowledge

Authoritative knowledge

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICOT format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention? No supplements Overweight clients Chromium supplements Weight loss

Chromium supplements

Which are examples of ways that a nurse can use theories to guide client care? (Select all that apply.) Organize client information. Analyze client situations. Classify client data. Collect client data. Make client assignments on the unit.

Collect client data. Organize client information. Classify client data. Analyze client situations.

A group of objects with relationships is which? Theory Deductive reasoning Concept Inductive reasoning

Concept

A nursing theory differs from a theoretical framework in which way? Concepts are in a meaningful configuration Concepts and propositions are more specific Cause and effect of nursing actions are described Ideas about aggregates are described

Concepts and propositions are more specific

Which is true of concepts? Concepts differentiate nursing from other disciplines. Concepts provide a means of testing knowledge. Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and the relationships among them. Concepts are derived through deductive and inductive reasoning.

Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and the relationships among them.

A nurse observes that the past five clients referred from a community clinic have been treated for drug and/or alcohol overdose. Based on this information, the nurse assumes that the clinic specializes in the treatment of substance use. This is an example of what type of reasoning? Deductive reasoning General systems theory Nursing process Inductive reasoning

Inductive reasoning

What is the process of considering a group of specific ideas and then drawing conclusions that relate to a general idea? Deductive reasoning Theory Concept Inductive reasoning

Inductive reasoning

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave? Developmental theory Adaptation theory Nursing theory General systems theory

General systems theory

The nurse researcher is aware that the type of variable that can be manipulated in a study is which type of variable? Independent Dependent Qualitative Quantitative

Independent

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment? Lydia Hall Dorothea Orem Sister Callista Roy Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale

To ensure that a research study is ethical, a nurse researcher must observe which human rights for participants? Select all that apply. Anonymity Privacy Fair treatment Cure for illness Self-determinism

Self-determinism Privacy Anonymity Fair treatment

Following the identification of a researchable problem, what must the nurse do? Select literature relevant to the problem. Determine a source appropriate to collect data. Evaluate the number of ways to collect data. Obtain a list of possible outcomes.

Select literature relevant to the problem.

Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study? Obtaining the client's signature on a permission document Undergoing the informed consent process with the client Giving the client the opportunity to ask questions about the study Meeting with the hospital's institutional review board (IRB)

Undergoing the informed consent process with the client