Tech 2

The smallest element of an image/ electron image is called a _____ consist of ____

pixel, 3 colors (green, blue, red)

A point in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector is called a _____

port

All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___

processor

Wi-Fi waves are basically _____ waves.

radio

of monitors and other display devices is measured in pixels. The quality of a display screen, as defined by its number of pixels, is called its

resolution

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a:

server

Resolution refers to the _____ and clarity of an image.

sharpness

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.

slower

A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.

smartphone

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.

storage

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.

storage

The most powerful computers, _____ , can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

supercomputers

A highly mobile, touch-screen enabled device that is larger than a smartphone and popular with those who use a computer while walking around is a:

tablet/ iPad computer

Plug and Play

technology that enables the OS to detect and config peripherals without downloading software or driver

Characteristics of desktop computers

1. Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion. 2. Desktops use a full OS. 3. Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile.

All-in-one computer

1. Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk. 2. Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers 3. A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):

remove unwanted files from laptop's hard drive. One of the fastest ways is to use Disk Cleanup

1. Start > All program > Accessories > Systems tool > Disk clean up > OK > Delete Files 2. If prompt select storage to clean up 3. Disk Clean up select items to delete 4. Click ok, delete files

Put the steps of the boot process in the correct order.

1. device is powered on and CPU activates bios 2. Power on self test executed 3. os is loaded into ram 4. os check registry settings and loads saves confi setting

Processing cycle

1. input 2. process 3. output 4. store

Place the following steps in order to use the Disk Cleanup app on a Windows computer.

1. search 2. disk cleanup 3. unuse file 4. OK

Which two of the following statements are true about Unicode?

16 bit (minimum) encoding standard Capable of representing all of the world's languages

Which two of the following would be used to store a single bit of data?

A transistor A hole in a punchcard

_____ coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information. Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII american standard code for information interchange

Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?

An operating system A universal serial bus (USB) port

Which of the following is not part of the boot process?

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

Fire wire and Thunderbolt were develop for _____

Apple/ Mac

If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___.

video/graphics card

The graphics adapter inside a digital device is also called the

video/graphics card

A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called

Cache

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____. The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as :

word size

Which of the following computers might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?

Dell desktop computer

One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the Disk ___ app. The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called

Disk Cleanup

Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency

Disk cache

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding a byte?

Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte Equal to 8 bits

Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called

Ethernet cord

Machine Cycle consist of which four steps?

Fetch Decode Execute Store

The amount of space of device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as it:

Footprint

AMD

Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5.

Nvidia

Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors.

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Full operating system Mobile Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?

Gigabytes Terabytes

Fastest to slowest Hertz

Gigahertz Megahertz Kilohertz Hertz

Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system? Physical parts of a computer, such as monitor, keyboard, mouse, and system unit are called computer:

Hardware

What is equal to one cycle per second?

Hertz

_____ is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals. _____ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

High-Definition multimedia _____ Interface HDMI

Not a feature of a tablet computer

Includes a terabyte (TB) or more of storage Most allow you to upgrade RAM You cannot upgrade RAM in a tablet computer. Tablet computers do not include a terabyte (TB) of storage.

IrDA stands for the _____ which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer

Infrared Data Association

IPOS refers to four basic computing functions. IPOS stans for:

Input, Processing, Output and Storage

The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___ Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market.

Intel

Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.

Is highly mobile Usually has a mobile operating system Has as a touchscreen

The connector and port developed for Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads is called _____.

Lightning

The correct abbreviation for megahertz is:

MHz

Capable of carrying digital music signal and are common in today's music scene

MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface

Which important process is performed by the CPU?

Machine cycle

Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).

No moving parts Extremely fast

Which three of the following are external storage devices?

Optical (DVD) drive Universal serial bus (USB) drive External hard drive

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.

Petabyte - 1,000 terabytes of data Terabyte - One trillion bytes of data Gigabyte - One billion bytes of data Megabyte - One million bytes of data Kilobyte - One thousand bytes of data

Place in digital device where data and programs that device is currently accessible by the processor is _____

RAM

(SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.

Solid State Drive

hard drive capacity of his Windows laptop through the System menu

Start Setting System Storage

Select the items that are commonly found in a traditional hard drive.

Stores data magnetically Read/write head Platter

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?

The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor. The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer.

Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the _____ app.

This PC

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, _____ uses 16 bits to represent information

UNICODE

File Server

Used for data storage.

Web Server

Used to control access to resources on the Web.

Network Server

Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.

Which three of the following are common types of servers?

Web Server Network Server File Server

Mainframe Computer

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a:

smartphone

behind touchscreen

Laptop

beneath keyboard Hinged, clamshell-type mobile computer

Gigahertz means one _____ cycles (instructions) per second.

billion

Represented by either a 0 or 1, a ____ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process. The smallest unit of storage is called a _____ It is the data held or processed by a single transistor

bit

1. A short-distance wireless communications technology, _____ uses relatively short-wavelength radio waves to transfer data between devices like phones, speakers, and headphones. 2. Because its radio waves can pass through walls or desktops, ___-capable devices are becoming very popular. 2. Short-range transmission protocol is _____

bluetooth

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a _____.

bus

The three factors that impact a processor's speed are clock speed, word size, and ___ . _____ is measured in bits. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data The amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time by a bus is called bus _____.

bus width

In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ___. Eight bits combined together equal one

byte

Memory and _____ hold data used by processors.

cache/ disk cache

Hard drive _____ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information

capacity/ space/ size

The amount of instructions the CPU can process per second is dictated by the:

clock speed

The amount of data that defines each color in a pixel is called ___.

color depth

Digital device that accepts input, processes and stores input and provides outputs is a:

computer

Two components of processor are arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and ____ unit

control

1. This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a: 2. Devices with separate system unit and relatively large footprint are _____

desktop computer

Screen size is measured _____ from one corner of the screen to the other.

diagonally

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.

file transfer protocol (FTP)

Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.

gigabytes

The speed of most modern processors is measured in _____.

gigahertz

The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____. The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called ___.

graphics

Cost of SSD is _____ than traditional hard drive.

higher

Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___

holds data and programs being used by the processor.

A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.

hyperthreading

A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___

keyboard

Mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called notebook or:

laptop computer

Examples of computers

laptops desktops all-in-ones tablets smartphone mainframes servers gaming consoles embedded devices

Because a metal platter is physically spinning, hard drives have ___ .

longer access times

Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.

machine

Megahertz means one _____ cycles (or instructions) per second.

million

In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the:

monitor/ screen/ display

Smartphone typically run numberous apps. Laptops also run various apps and software program. A laptop typically has _____ RAM than a smartphone.

more

Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.

much smaller/ faster than computer's RAM

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and can execute two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a:

multi-core processor

The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called

native resolution

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

not saved

Media players allow you to listen to audio files such as music, podcasts, listen to audio books, and watch videos. Media players are often referred to as _____ Media Players due to their transportability and customization. The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.

personal PMP

Desktop

tower or chassis Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.

1. One type of storage device is a ___ . 2. A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called: 3. A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called 4. type of connector is the most common for connecting peripherals (printers/ storage devices) to a computer:

universal serial bus (USB) drive

Commonly associated with laptop computer

1. mobile 2. full operation system 3. integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad

Popularized with transistor radios in the 1950s, this connector is still used with many (non-Apple) cell phones today. It is a:

3.5-mm connector

Which of the following are characteristics of a traditional hard drive?

Has physically spinning platters. Has a read/write head to detect magnetic charges. Uses magnetic charges to store data.

T.V. remotes use ___ signals.

Infrared

The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ Memory located directly on the processor itself

L1 cache

Memory located/adjacent next to the processor

L3 cache

Tablet Computer

Tablet computers are highly portable have a smaller operating system (OS) include a touchscreen Highly mobile—you can use it while standing or walking around

Popular in the 1990s, the blue port in the image is used to connect computers to monitors or televisions. It is a(n):

Visual Graphic Array (VGA)

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to:

apps (applications)

1. Digital device manufactures include separate chips of storage (nonvolatile) that contain instructions not designed to be rewritten or removed. An example of these instructions includes the basic input-output system (BIOS). This type of storage is separate from the hard drive and is referred to as 2. ____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.

read-only memory ROM

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.

system

Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a:

2-in-1

Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

clock rate

Which two of the following are correct statements regarding all-in-one computers?

1. An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse. The motherboard is housed behind the monitor. 2. All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor.

___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty. Changing processor setting so that computer runs faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called

Overclocking

IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different A set of rules for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called a

protocols/ protocol/ computer protocols

A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a _____ computer, It has a real-time operating system (RTOS). Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.

embedded computers

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

single-core processor