Technical Physics Chapter 1
Conversion Factors: cm ^3 -> ml
1 cm ^3 = 1 mL
Significant figure rules
1. All non-zeros are significant. Ex: 12.12 has 4 sig figs. 2. All zeros between non-zeros are significant. Ex: 1203.03 has 6 sig figs. 3. For #'s less than 1: all zeros to the left of the 1st nonzero are NOT significant. Ex: 0.000620014 has 6 sig figs. 4. For every # with a decimal, all zeros expressed to the right of a # are significant. Ex: 0.073500 has 5 sig figs. 73500.00 has 7 sig figs. 5. When a # has no decimal, we must assume the significant numbers end when the trailing zeros begin. Ex: 73500 has 3 sig figs.
Conversion Factors: qt -> lt
1.06 qt = 1 lt
conversion factors: km -> mi
1.609 km = 1 mi
US units: in -> ft
12 in = 1 ft
US units: oz -> lb
16 oz= 1 lb
Conversion Factors: lb -> kg
2.2 lbs = 1 Kg
Conversion Factors: cm -> in
2.54 cm = 1 in
US units: lbs -> tons
2000 lbs = 1 ton
US units: ft -> yd
3 ft= 1 yd
Conversion Factors: ft -> meters
3.281 ft = 1 m
Gravity
32 ft/s^2 or (.8 m/s^2
US units: s -> hr
3600 s = 1 hr
US units: qt -> gal
4 qt = 1 gal
Conversion Factors: N -> lbs
4.445 N = 1 lb
Conversion Factors: g -> lb
454 g = 1 lb
US units: ft -> mi
5280 ft = 1 mi
Conversion Factors: mL -> qt
946 mL = 1 qt
weight
A measure of the force of gravity on an object (mass x gravity)
Significant Figure opperations
Add/ subtract: round to the least decimal places Multiply/ divide: round to the least sig figs Rounding: <5- stays the same >5- round up =5: followed by other numbers: round up followed by 0: stays the same
USCS
US Customary System, ft, slug, seconds
Measurement
a comparison between an unknown quantity and a standard
standard
a fixed, reproducible unit
Exponent opperations
add/subtract: exponents must be the same multiplying: add exponents Dividing: subtract exponents Raising exponents to a power: multiply exponents
second
based off the period of oscillation of a cessium 153 atom
CgS
centimeter, gram, second
Meter
distance light travels when it travels at the speed of light in 1 second ( 3x10^8 m/s)
Derived Units: speed
distance/ time= m/s
Derived Units: acceleration
distance/ time^2 = m/s^2
Derived Units: Volume
l x w x h= cm^3
Derived Units: Area
l x w= cm^2
Derived units: Force
mass x acceleration
Derived Units: weight
mass x gravity
Derived Units: Density
mass/ volume (g/cm^3)
MKS
meters, kilograms, seconds
Scientific notation
negative exponent: decimal moves left positive exponent: decimal moves right
mass
the amount of matter in an object
