Terms

Five Points of Architecture Le Corbusier

1) Pilotes 2) Open Ground Plan 3) Horizontal Windows 4) Rooftop Garden 5) Open Facade

Whiplash Line

A popular motif used during the art nouveau period it appeared on walls and floors of buildings as well as in furniture jewelry artwork and ceramics

Manifesto

A public statement explaining the intentions, motives, or views of an individual or group

Bauhaus

A school of architecture in Germany in the 1920s under the aegis of Walter Gropius, who emphasized the unity of art, architecture, and design.

Brutalism

An early 1950's style based on Le Corbusier's crudely fabricated concrete work in which structural and mechanical elements were often featured.

Curtain Wall

An exterior building wall that is supported entirely by the frame of the building, rather than being self-supporting or load bearing.

Balloon Frame

Building method where heavy timbers are replaced by thin studs held together by nails

Modernisme

Catalan Art Nouveau.

Chicago School

Chicago School was a school of architects active in Chicago at the turn of the 20th century. They were among the first to promote the new technologies of steel-frame construction in commercial buildings, founded by Louis Sullivan.

Prouns

Coined by El Lissitzky it is an acronym for "projects for the establishment of a new art"... introduced three dimensional illusions that both receded (negative depth) behind the picture plane (naught depth) and projected forward (positive depth) from the picture plane. Lissitzky called it an interchange station between painting and architecture... pointed the way to the application of modern painting concepts of form and space to applied design.

Constructivists

Concerned with how an architect organizes or structures thinking; how he organizes the actual design process; how he 'constructs' a set of appropriate forms

Byt

Everyday

Deutscher Werkbund

German group of designers that called for industrial design reform that formed the root of Bauhaus. Strived to integrate craft into mass-produced, machine made products

Jugendstil

German version of Art Nouveau. Rejuvenation through art. Anti-historicism.

Futurism

The most important Italian avant-garde art movement of the 20th century, Futurism celebrated advanced technology and urban modernity. Committed to the new, its members wished to destroy older forms of culture and to demonstrate the beauty of modern life - the beauty of the machine, speed, violence and change.

Chicago Window

Three-part window consisting of a large fixed center panel flanked by two smaller double-hung sash windows.

Gesamtkunstwerk

Total Work of Art

Prairie House

Use of long, low horizontals, running parallel to the flat land of the site

Structional Rationalism

Viollet-le-Duc

Vorkus

Wheel of required skills for artists