Test 1 Hardware

A 32-bit operating system allows for 4gb maximum of memory.

64-bits allows for 128 gb maximum of memory

What does BIOS stand for?

Basic input output system. Connects all the hardware and you can use a boot device to install windows

MCC

CPU will request memory from the MCC. Gets it from the address bus. It has special circuitry that allows it to grab the contents of the line of RAM and give it to the EDB. CPU requests memory from the MCC. The MCC grabs it and places it on the EDB. The processor calls for data -> Address bus tells mcc data to get -> mcc gets data -> gives it to edb -> takes it to CPU

What does CMOS mean?

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor. Maintains the clock(date and time) on the computer, stores the information that describes certain device parameters, has it own battery.

Northbridge

Controls RAM, Graphics card, CPU, Heat sink.

System crystal/clock

Determines the speed of the CPU and the rest of the PC that the PC operates at.

ESD

Electric Static Discharge. A bracelet is worn to protect motherboard.

EDB

External data bus. Enables external devices and components to connect with a computer

True or False DIMM can be used on a 64 bit operating system only

False because it can also be used on a 32-bit operating system.

True or False: The standard RAM for a computer today is SRAM

False, SDRAM is the standard/most common

True or False: Does a hard drive have NVRAM

False, hard drive have a more permanent

DRAM has a maximum of 188 pins true of false

False, it is 240 pins

CMOS is a NVRAM true or false

False, referring to NVROM, all ram is temporary

Overclocking

Forcing CPU to run faster than it was intended.

Dual inline memory module

Goes in both sides. has a maximum of 288 pins. Does not have to be installed in pairs.

What devices does the main memory use for virtual memory?

Hard drive

Southbridge

Keyboard, mouse, audio, speakers, microphone, CD ROM, USB, Ethernet, connects to CMOS

.Small outline DIMM called SO-DIMM, where is it used only

Laptops only use SO-DIMM. Half the size

List 6 Ports from the back of the PC

NIC card (ethernet is the cable) USB VGA DVI HDMI PS/2 eSATA

NVROM

Non volatile ROM. Unchageable

What does ddr3 stand for?

RAM Double data rate 3 Used today

List 6 internal parts of the PC

RAM Hard drive Power supply North Bridge South Bridge Audio/Input Jacks

ROM

ROM = firmware = code = instructions; doesn't rely on electricity to retain info, can't change info on it

Name 1 volatile RAM

SDRAM OR DRAM OR DIMM

SDRAM

Synchronous dynamic ram. Fastest

What's the difference between the EDB(External Data Bus) and the Address bus?

The MCC takes it from the address bus and gives it to the EDB and the EDB gives it to the CPU. EDB data bus is on the motherboard and sends info from peripherals. Address bus on motherboard

Describe the role of the heat sink

Thermal paste/aluminum disperse. The heat sink disperses the heat throughout the computer to cool the CPU

SDRAM is used for temporary storage True or False

True. RAM is volatile.

Dangers of overclocking processor

Voids warranty, damages computer and CPU, and can overheat computer

Name the 3 operating system for the A+ exam

Windows 7, Windows Vista, Windows 8. WINDOWS ONLY