Test 2 Geology 1306

Which of the magma systems shown is likely to contain mostly basalt

A

Cleavage

A mineral property that can be observed without using a test is:

Which of the following changes in conditions indicates heating of the rock?

A to B

Pumice

A vesicular felsic rock is called a:

Intrusive Rock

An igneous rock that solidifies below the surface is called a

Which of the following changes in conditions represents decompression melting?

C to B

Galena and

Common examples of sulfide and sulfate minerals, respectively, are:

which letter in this classification table indicates the position of gabbro?

D

turbidity currents

Downslope marine flows comprised of mixed masses of sand, mud, and water are called:

porphyritic

Igneous rocks with a two-stage intrusive-extrusive origin are recognized by a texture that is:

Ionic

In which of the following types of bonding do atoms loan one or more electrons, as shown in this figure?

Bowen's Reaction

K-Feldspar

Sedimentary clasts are:

Loose fragments of rock and minerals

Sedimentary rocks are comprised of material that comes primarily from:

Other Locations

A finely crystalline or glassy igneous texture indicates that:

Rock cooled quickly

Igneous Rock

Rock that has formed from cooling magma or lava is:

Calcite

Rocks rich in what mineral tend to have a poor solubility during weathering?

If a mineral lacks planes along which it may cleave, what will occur?

Selected Answer: The mineral will fracture in an irregular pattern.

Use this graph that relates temperature and pressure to answer this question. What is required if a rock in position B moves to position A on the graph?

Temperature would have to decrease.

Dike

The igneous feature shown in this figure is a:

Silicates:

The most important class of rock-forming minerals on Earth is

Feldspar

The very common mineral shown in this photograph is commonly a pink- to cream-colored mineral with wavy, light-colored lines (lamellae). It does not effervesce. What mineral is it?

Quartz

The very common mineral shown in this photograph is light colored, transparent, has a hardness of seven, and fractures rather than cleaves. It does not effervesce. What mineral is it?

igneous pegmatite indicates that:

There is water in the magma

protons

Tively massive, positively-charged particles in the nucleus of an atom are:

Which way was the current (either wind or water) moving during deposition of this section of rocks?

Towards the left

The sediment gradually settles to the bottom

What happens to the majority of sediment being carried by moving water as it enters a standing body (little or no motion) of water?

Calcite

What mineral is shown in this photograph

vesicles texture

What texture is displayed by the igneous rock in this photograph?

silicate mineral sheets

What type of silicate minerals is shown from this arrangement of silicon tetrahedron

single chains

What type of silicate minerals is shown from this arrangement of silicon tetrahedron?

pyroxene

Which of the following is NOT a common type of cement in sedimentary rocks?

triple chains

Which of the following is NOT a main type of silicate structure?

Biotite

Which of the following is a dark-colored silicate mineral?

Mafic Minerals

Which of the following minerals would likely crystallize early from magma?

oxidation

Which of the following processes is NOT considered physical weathering?

thermal expansion

Which of the following processes is NOT considered to be chemical weathering?

To be called a sandstone, quartz must make up more than 95 percent of the grains.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about clastic sedimentary rocks?

A magma chamber is

an underground body of molten rock

Ionic bonds occur when electrons:

are transferred between atoms

Which letter in this classification table indicates the position of rhyolite?

b

The primary occurrence of the rock-forming minerals olivine, pyroxene, and amphibole is:

both igneous and metamorphic rocks

Which of the following processes produce sedimentary clast

breaking of round cobbles as they are transported scouring and abrasion of bedrock along rivers fracturing of bedrock that results in angular pieces decomposition of granite into quartz grains and clay

At which of the sites shown in this figure would melting probably be caused by introduction of water into hot rocks?

c

Which of the magma systems shown is most likely to include felsic or intermediate magmas?

c

Which of the following is an example of a mineral resource?

gold sand salt

The designation of sediment grain size, from largest to smallest, is:

gravel, sand, silt, clay.

Erosion is the:

movement of weathered material from its source site.

Rocks of the continental crust contain different minerals and each mineral has its own melting point. If the minerals with the lowest melting temperatures are the only ones melted, this is referred to as:

partial melting

A dark colored igneous rock with no visible crystals cooled:

quickly on the Earth's surface

This figure shows the formation of the Sierra Nevada batholith as magma chambers within the crust. What is the cause of melting?

release of water from the subducting plate

The main way water gets into a subduction zone is by:

seawater introduced into oceanic crust at the mid-ocean ridge, prior to subduction

Most igneous rocks are classified by:

texture and composition

Which of the following is likely to be true about the magma that formed the left volcanic feature compared to the right one in this figure?

the magma has a higher silicate content the magma is probably more felsic the magma has a higher viscosity

Sorting describes:

the size range of clasts in sediment

atom

the smallest particle into which an element can be divided while still retaining the chemical characteristics of that element.

Hematite

this iron oxide mineral commonly has a reddish color and consistently has red streak. What mineral is it

Calcite

this very common carbonate mineral effervesces (fizzes) when it contacts dilute HCl. What mineral is it?