Test 2 quiz 8

Which of the following statements describes an advantage of the results-driven change approach to managing change?

All of these were cited as advantages of the results-driven change approach.

ARI is a leading provider of sales and profit-building technology services for equipment dealers. When Unverferth Manufacturing, a supplier of agricultural equipment, wanted to change the way it supplied information it contacted ARI. ARI presented the manufacturer with a solution that allowed it to replace its paper catalogs with online catalogs. As a result, Unverferth was able to eliminate costly paper catalogs and gain the ability to provide up-to-the-minute information to its dealers. This incremental change that was aided by supplier involvement was an example of the ____ approach to innovation.

Compression

____ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged.

Creative work environments

What is the first step for managing innovation during discontinuous change?

Design iteration

When incremental improvements are made to a dominant technological design such that the improved version of the technology is fully backward compatible with the older version, ____ is said to have occurred.

Generational change

Refer to Gore. Elixir, Gore's acoustic guitar string, is coated with a thin layer of plastic that avoids the accumulation of dust, microscopic layers of skin (from musician's fingers), and dirt and oil, all of which affect musical quality and sound. To develop Elixir, Gore employees used ____.

Incremental change

____ forces support the status quo.

Resistance

The Asian suppliers were afraid of change. Once Morgan and her staff showed suppliers how use of the Develop Sources program would benefit them, Morgan's job to transform Levi's Asian operations became easier. Refer to Levi Strauss. Initially, Morgan found ____ strong in Asia.

Resistance forces

Which of the following statements about resistance to change is true?

Resistance to change will always occur; it is inevitable.

Discontinuous change in an innovation stream is characterized by ____.

Technological substitution

____ is the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs into outputs.

Technology

When a merger of South Carolina-based Springs Industries with the Brazilian textile producer Coteminas was announced, the CEO of Springs was quoted as saying, "It is unclear what effect this move will have on our employees though no immediate layoffs are planned. There may be some in the future." In this stage of the organizational change, ____ the CEO should use empathy and communicate specific details of the merger.

Unfreezing

Refer to Levi Strauss. Emily Morgan is an example of a(n) ____.

change agent

Tom Valerio was the point man on a major push to reinvent CIGNA Property & Casualty. His vision for CIGNA was to become a top-quartile, specialist property and casualty company. It was a radical proposition. Valerio was a(n) ____.

change agent

According to social psychologist Kurt Lewin, ____ lead to differences in the form, quality, or condition of an organization over time, while ____ support the status quo, or the existing state of conditions in an organization.

change forces; resistance forces

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic methods for managing resistance to change?

change simulation

Kodak is a company associated with photography and has decided to become a market leader in digital imaging. Kodak can encourage the development of a culture where workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed by offering challenging work and supervisory encouragement. In other words, the company can create a(n) ____.

creative work environment

The Asian suppliers were afraid of change. Once Morgan and her staff showed suppliers how use of the Develop Sources program would benefit them, Morgan's job to transform Levi's Asian operations became easier. Refer to Levi Strauss. Prior to the reinvention of the company, which began in 1982, the company most likely did not have a(n) ____

creative work environment

According to John Kotter, which of the following actions will adversely influence refreezing efforts?

declaring victory too soon

The ____ approach to innovation assumes that innovation is occurring within a highly uncertain environment and that the key to fast product innovation is to use intuition, flexible options, and hands-on experience to reduce uncertainty and accelerate learning and understanding.

experiential

Backward compatibility is an important consideration for software users who are using an accounting program to facilitate their tax preparation and who want to use a newer version that has greater capacity. Therefore, many software manufacturers engage in ____.

generational change

During the ____ phase of a technology cycle, companies innovate by lowering the cost and improving the functioning and performance of the dominant design.

incremental change

Refer to Gore. Elixir, Gore's acoustic guitar string, is coated with a thin layer of plastic that avoids the accumulation of dust, microscopic layers of skin (from musician's fingers), and dirt and oil, all of which affect musical quality and sound. To develop Elixir, Gore employees used ____.

incremental change

Titleist has been manufacturing golf balls for several years, but each year it comes out with new golf ball designs. Titleist's development of the new Pro VI golf ball with a solid core designed to benefit players with high swing speeds is one example of how the manufacturer survives through ____.

incremental change

Patterns of innovation over time that can create sustainable competitive advantage are called ____.

innovation streams

Organizational development ____.

is a philosophy and collection of planned change interventions

An Internet strategy enabled Nestlé USA to change its way of doing business and allowed the company to change its staid, risk-averse culture; from buying raw materials to processing purchase orders to marketing the roughly 2,000 products that make up its nearly 200 brands. Employees worked to "Make e-business the way we do business." In terms of organizational development, the process described here is primarily a(n) ____ intervention.

large system

Refer to Levi Strauss. Unfreezing, change intervention, and refreezing were the processes used by Morgan and her team to ____.

manage the Asian suppliers' resistance to change

Creativity was needed to improve efficiency without raising costs at one automobile maker. Over the last few years, the company has successfully implemented a creative engineering program that allows its plants to produce more than one type of car from the same assembly line. This successful change to a flexible manufacturing system is an example of ____.

organizational innovation

Suddenly the women were interested, and they all plunked down their money. None of the women ever took Steiner up on his offer. So Steiner decided to make it part of his business practice. This new guarantee was an example of ____.

organizational innovation

The use of milestones in the experiential approach to innovation ____.

provides structure to the general chaos that follows technological discontinuities shortens the innovation process builds momentum by giving people a sense of accomplishment lets an organization know when to take corrective action Correct does all of these

An Internet strategy enabled Nestlé USA to change its way of doing business and allowed the company to change its staid, risk-averse culture; from buying raw materials to processing purchase orders to marketing the roughly 2,000 products that make up its nearly 200 brands. Employees worked to "Make e-business the way we do business." Nestlé USA used ____ change to reinvent the company.

results-driven

Unverferth Manufacturing makes agricultural equipment. It used finite element analysis (FEA) software to speed up the design cycle for its 12-row sub-soiler. Which aspect of the compression approach to innovation would the use of this software apply?

shortening the time of individual steps

Kodak is a company associated with photography. The development of the digital camera forced Kodak into the innovation stream because the new imaging process was a(n) ____.

technological discontinuity

In order from beginning to end, the phases of a technology cycle within an innovation stream consist of ____.

technological discontinuity, discontinuous change, dominant design, and incremental change

Companies need to excel at managing ____ in order to successfully manage innovation streams.

the sources of innovation